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Tomcat example source code file (Catalina.java)

This example Tomcat source code file (Catalina.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Tomcat tags/keywords

digester, digester, exception, exception, file, inputsource, inputsource, io, lifecycle, net, network, sax, server, server, server/globalnamingresources, server/service, setparentclassloaderrule, string, util

The Tomcat Catalina.java source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */


package org.apache.catalina.startup;


import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.Server;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Rule;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;


/**
 * Startup/Shutdown shell program for Catalina.  The following command line
 * options are recognized:
 * <ul>
 * <li>-config {pathname} - Set the pathname of the configuration file
 *     to be processed.  If a relative path is specified, it will be
 *     interpreted as relative to the directory pathname specified by the
 *     "catalina.base" system property.   [conf/server.xml]
 * <li>-help - Display usage information.
 * <li>-stop - Stop the currently running instance of Catalina.
 * </u>
 *
 * Should do the same thing as Embedded, but using a server.xml file.
 *
 * @author Craig R. McClanahan
 * @author Remy Maucherat
 * @version $Revision: 596761 $ $Date: 2007-11-20 19:19:00 +0100 (mar., 20 nov. 2007) $
 */

public class Catalina extends Embedded {


    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables


    /**
     * Pathname to the server configuration file.
     */
    protected String configFile = "conf/server.xml";

    // XXX Should be moved to embedded
    /**
     * The shared extensions class loader for this server.
     */
    protected ClassLoader parentClassLoader =
        Catalina.class.getClassLoader();


    /**
     * The server component we are starting or stopping
     */
    protected Server server = null;


    /**
     * Are we starting a new server?
     */
    protected boolean starting = false;


    /**
     * Are we stopping an existing server?
     */
    protected boolean stopping = false;


    /**
     * Use shutdown hook flag.
     */
    protected boolean useShutdownHook = true;


    /**
     * Shutdown hook.
     */
    protected Thread shutdownHook = null;


    // ------------------------------------------------------------- Properties


    public void setConfig(String file) {
        configFile = file;
    }


    public void setConfigFile(String file) {
        configFile = file;
    }


    public String getConfigFile() {
        return configFile;
    }


    public void setUseShutdownHook(boolean useShutdownHook) {
        this.useShutdownHook = useShutdownHook;
    }


    public boolean getUseShutdownHook() {
        return useShutdownHook;
    }


    /**
     * Set the shared extensions class loader.
     *
     * @param parentClassLoader The shared extensions class loader.
     */
    public void setParentClassLoader(ClassLoader parentClassLoader) {

        this.parentClassLoader = parentClassLoader;

    }


    /**
     * Set the server instance we are configuring.
     *
     * @param server The new server
     */
    public void setServer(Server server) {

        this.server = server;

    }

    // ----------------------------------------------------------- Main Program

    /**
     * The application main program.
     *
     * @param args Command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        (new Catalina()).process(args);
    }


    /**
     * The instance main program.
     *
     * @param args Command line arguments
     */
    public void process(String args[]) {

        setAwait(true);
        setCatalinaHome();
        setCatalinaBase();
        try {
            if (arguments(args)) {
                if (starting) {
                    load(args);
                    start();
                } else if (stopping) {
                    stopServer();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        }
    }


    // ------------------------------------------------------ Protected Methods


    /**
     * Process the specified command line arguments, and return
     * <code>true if we should continue processing; otherwise
     * return <code>false.
     *
     * @param args Command line arguments to process
     */
    protected boolean arguments(String args[]) {

        boolean isConfig = false;

        if (args.length < 1) {
            usage();
            return (false);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
            if (isConfig) {
                configFile = args[i];
                isConfig = false;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-config")) {
                isConfig = true;
            } else if (args[i].equals("-nonaming")) {
                setUseNaming( false );
            } else if (args[i].equals("-help")) {
                usage();
                return (false);
            } else if (args[i].equals("start")) {
                starting = true;
                stopping = false;
            } else if (args[i].equals("stop")) {
                starting = false;
                stopping = true;
            } else {
                usage();
                return (false);
            }
        }

        return (true);

    }


    /**
     * Return a File object representing our configuration file.
     */
    protected File configFile() {

        File file = new File(configFile);
        if (!file.isAbsolute())
            file = new File(System.getProperty("catalina.base"), configFile);
        return (file);

    }


    /**
     * Create and configure the Digester we will be using for startup.
     */
    protected Digester createStartDigester() {
        long t1=System.currentTimeMillis();
        // Initialize the digester
        Digester digester = new Digester();
        digester.setValidating(false);
        digester.setRulesValidation(true);
        HashMap<Class, List fakeAttributes = new HashMap>();
        ArrayList<String> attrs = new ArrayList();
        attrs.add("className");
        fakeAttributes.put(Object.class, attrs);
        digester.setFakeAttributes(fakeAttributes);
        digester.setClassLoader(StandardServer.class.getClassLoader());

        // Configure the actions we will be using
        digester.addObjectCreate("Server",
                                 "org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer",
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server");
        digester.addSetNext("Server",
                            "setServer",
                            "org.apache.catalina.Server");

        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/GlobalNamingResources",
                                 "org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/GlobalNamingResources");
        digester.addSetNext("Server/GlobalNamingResources",
                            "setGlobalNamingResources",
                            "org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources");

        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/Listener",
                                 null, // MUST be specified in the element
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/Listener");
        digester.addSetNext("Server/Listener",
                            "addLifecycleListener",
                            "org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener");

        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/Service",
                                 "org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService",
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/Service");
        digester.addSetNext("Server/Service",
                            "addService",
                            "org.apache.catalina.Service");

        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/Service/Listener",
                                 null, // MUST be specified in the element
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/Service/Listener");
        digester.addSetNext("Server/Service/Listener",
                            "addLifecycleListener",
                            "org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener");

        //Executor
        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/Service/Executor",
                         "org.apache.catalina.core.StandardThreadExecutor",
                         "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/Service/Executor");

        digester.addSetNext("Server/Service/Executor",
                            "addExecutor",
                            "org.apache.catalina.Executor");

        
        digester.addRule("Server/Service/Connector",
                         new ConnectorCreateRule());
        digester.addRule("Server/Service/Connector", 
                         new SetAllPropertiesRule(new String[]{"executor"}));
        digester.addSetNext("Server/Service/Connector",
                            "addConnector",
                            "org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector");
        
        


        digester.addObjectCreate("Server/Service/Connector/Listener",
                                 null, // MUST be specified in the element
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server/Service/Connector/Listener");
        digester.addSetNext("Server/Service/Connector/Listener",
                            "addLifecycleListener",
                            "org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener");

        // Add RuleSets for nested elements
        digester.addRuleSet(new NamingRuleSet("Server/GlobalNamingResources/"));
        digester.addRuleSet(new EngineRuleSet("Server/Service/"));
        digester.addRuleSet(new HostRuleSet("Server/Service/Engine/"));
        digester.addRuleSet(new ContextRuleSet("Server/Service/Engine/Host/"));
        digester.addRuleSet(ClusterRuleSetFactory.getClusterRuleSet("Server/Service/Engine/Host/Cluster/"));
        digester.addRuleSet(new NamingRuleSet("Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context/"));

        // When the 'engine' is found, set the parentClassLoader.
        digester.addRule("Server/Service/Engine",
                         new SetParentClassLoaderRule(parentClassLoader));
        digester.addRuleSet(ClusterRuleSetFactory.getClusterRuleSet("Server/Service/Engine/Cluster/"));

        long t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug("Digester for server.xml created " + ( t2-t1 ));
        return (digester);

    }


    /**
     * Create and configure the Digester we will be using for shutdown.
     */
    protected Digester createStopDigester() {

        // Initialize the digester
        Digester digester = new Digester();

        // Configure the rules we need for shutting down
        digester.addObjectCreate("Server",
                                 "org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer",
                                 "className");
        digester.addSetProperties("Server");
        digester.addSetNext("Server",
                            "setServer",
                            "org.apache.catalina.Server");

        return (digester);

    }


    public void stopServer() {
        stopServer(null);
    }

    public void stopServer(String[] arguments) {

        if (arguments != null) {
            arguments(arguments);
        }

        if( server == null ) {
            // Create and execute our Digester
            Digester digester = createStopDigester();
            digester.setClassLoader(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
            File file = configFile();
            try {
                InputSource is =
                    new InputSource("file://" + file.getAbsolutePath());
                FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
                is.setByteStream(fis);
                digester.push(this);
                digester.parse(is);
                fis.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("Catalina.stop: ", e);
                System.exit(1);
            }
        }

        // Stop the existing server
        try {
            String hostAddress = InetAddress.getByName("localhost").getHostAddress();
            Socket socket = new Socket(hostAddress, server.getPort());
            OutputStream stream = socket.getOutputStream();
            String shutdown = server.getShutdown();
            for (int i = 0; i < shutdown.length(); i++)
                stream.write(shutdown.charAt(i));
            stream.flush();
            stream.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("Catalina.stop: ", e);
            System.exit(1);
        }

    }


    /**
     * Set the <code>catalina.base System property to the current
     * working directory if it has not been set.
     * @deprecated Use initDirs()
     */
    public void setCatalinaBase() {
        initDirs();
    }

    /**
     * Set the <code>catalina.home System property to the current
     * working directory if it has not been set.
     * @deprecated Use initDirs()
     */
    public void setCatalinaHome() {
        initDirs();
    }

    /**
     * Start a new server instance.
     */
    public void load() {

        long t1 = System.nanoTime();

        initDirs();

        // Before digester - it may be needed

        initNaming();

        // Create and execute our Digester
        Digester digester = createStartDigester();

        InputSource inputSource = null;
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        File file = null;
        try {
            file = configFile();
            inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
            inputSource = new InputSource("file://" + file.getAbsolutePath());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ;
        }
        if (inputStream == null) {
            try {
                inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                    .getResourceAsStream(getConfigFile());
                inputSource = new InputSource
                    (getClass().getClassLoader()
                     .getResource(getConfigFile()).toString());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                ;
            }
        }

        // This should be included in catalina.jar
        // Alternative: don't bother with xml, just create it manually.
        if( inputStream==null ) {
            try {
                inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                .getResourceAsStream("server-embed.xml");
                inputSource = new InputSource
                (getClass().getClassLoader()
                        .getResource("server-embed.xml").toString());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                ;
            }
        }
        

        if ((inputStream == null) && (file != null)) {
            log.warn("Can't load server.xml from " + file.getAbsolutePath());
            return;
        }

        try {
            inputSource.setByteStream(inputStream);
            digester.push(this);
            digester.parse(inputSource);
            inputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Catalina.start using "
                               + getConfigFile() + ": " , e);
            return;
        }

        // Stream redirection
        initStreams();

        // Start the new server
        if (server instanceof Lifecycle) {
            try {
                server.initialize();
            } catch (LifecycleException e) {
                log.error("Catalina.start", e);
            }
        }

        long t2 = System.nanoTime();
        if(log.isInfoEnabled())
            log.info("Initialization processed in " + ((t2 - t1) / 1000000) + " ms");

    }


    /* 
     * Load using arguments
     */
    public void load(String args[]) {

        try {
            if (arguments(args))
                load();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        }
    }

    public void create() {

    }

    public void destroy() {

    }

    /**
     * Start a new server instance.
     */
    public void start() {

        if (server == null) {
            load();
        }

        long t1 = System.nanoTime();
        
        // Start the new server
        if (server instanceof Lifecycle) {
            try {
                ((Lifecycle) server).start();
            } catch (LifecycleException e) {
                log.error("Catalina.start: ", e);
            }
        }

        long t2 = System.nanoTime();
        if(log.isInfoEnabled())
            log.info("Server startup in " + ((t2 - t1) / 1000000) + " ms");

        try {
            // Register shutdown hook
            if (useShutdownHook) {
                if (shutdownHook == null) {
                    shutdownHook = new CatalinaShutdownHook();
                }
                Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(shutdownHook);
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // This will fail on JDK 1.2. Ignoring, as Tomcat can run
            // fine without the shutdown hook.
        }

        if (await) {
            await();
            stop();
        }

    }


    /**
     * Stop an existing server instance.
     */
    public void stop() {

        try {
            // Remove the ShutdownHook first so that server.stop() 
            // doesn't get invoked twice
            if (useShutdownHook) {
                Runtime.getRuntime().removeShutdownHook(shutdownHook);
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // This will fail on JDK 1.2. Ignoring, as Tomcat can run
            // fine without the shutdown hook.
        }

        // Shut down the server
        if (server instanceof Lifecycle) {
            try {
                ((Lifecycle) server).stop();
            } catch (LifecycleException e) {
                log.error("Catalina.stop", e);
            }
        }

    }


    /**
     * Await and shutdown.
     */
    public void await() {

        server.await();

    }


    /**
     * Print usage information for this application.
     */
    protected void usage() {

        System.out.println
            ("usage: java org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina"
             + " [ -config {pathname} ]"
             + " [ -nonaming ] { start | stop }");

    }


    // --------------------------------------- CatalinaShutdownHook Inner Class

    // XXX Should be moved to embedded !
    /**
     * Shutdown hook which will perform a clean shutdown of Catalina if needed.
     */
    protected class CatalinaShutdownHook extends Thread {

        public void run() {

            if (server != null) {
                Catalina.this.stop();
            }
            
        }

    }
    
    
    private static org.apache.juli.logging.Log log=
        org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getLog( Catalina.class );

}


// ------------------------------------------------------------ Private Classes


/**
 * Rule that sets the parent class loader for the top object on the stack,
 * which must be a <code>Container.
 */

final class SetParentClassLoaderRule extends Rule {

    public SetParentClassLoaderRule(ClassLoader parentClassLoader) {

        this.parentClassLoader = parentClassLoader;

    }

    ClassLoader parentClassLoader = null;

    public void begin(String namespace, String name, Attributes attributes)
        throws Exception {

        if (digester.getLogger().isDebugEnabled())
            digester.getLogger().debug("Setting parent class loader");

        Container top = (Container) digester.peek();
        top.setParentClassLoader(parentClassLoader);

    }


}

Other Tomcat examples (source code examples)

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