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Tomcat example source code file (AjpMessage.java)

This example Tomcat source code file (AjpMessage.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Tomcat tags/keywords

ajpmessage, arrayindexoutofboundsexception, bytechunk, java, no, nullpointerexception, nullpointerexception, received, skip, skip, string, string, stringbuffer, stringbuffer

The Tomcat AjpMessage.java source code

/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.coyote.ajp;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteChunk;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.CharChunk;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.MessageBytes;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;

/**
 * A single packet for communication between the web server and the
 * container.  Designed to be reused many times with no creation of
 * garbage.  Understands the format of data types for these packets.
 * Can be used (somewhat confusingly) for both incoming and outgoing
 * packets.  
 *
 * @author Henri Gomez
 * @author Dan Milstein
 * @author Keith Wannamaker
 * @author Kevin Seguin
 * @author Costin Manolache
 */
public class AjpMessage {


    protected static org.apache.juli.logging.Log log =
        org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getLog(AjpMessage.class);

    /**
     * The string manager for this package.
     */
    protected static StringManager sm =
        StringManager.getManager(Constants.Package);


    // ------------------------------------------------------------ Constructor

    
    public AjpMessage(int packetSize) {
        buf = new byte[packetSize];
    }
    

    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables


    /**
     * Fixed size buffer.
     */
    protected byte buf[] = null;


    /**
     * The current read or write position in the buffer.
     */
    protected int pos;


    /**
     * This actually means different things depending on whether the
     * packet is read or write.  For read, it's the length of the
     * payload (excluding the header).  For write, it's the length of
     * the packet as a whole (counting the header).  Oh, well.
     */
    protected int len; 

    
    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods


    /**
     * Prepare this packet for accumulating a message from the container to
     * the web server.  Set the write position to just after the header
     * (but leave the length unwritten, because it is as yet unknown).
     */
    public void reset() {
        len = 4;
        pos = 4;
    }


    /**
     * For a packet to be sent to the web server, finish the process of
     * accumulating data and write the length of the data payload into
     * the header.  
     */
    public void end() {
        len = pos;
        int dLen = len - 4;

        buf[0] = (byte) 0x41;
        buf[1] = (byte) 0x42;
        buf[2] = (byte) ((dLen>>>8) & 0xFF);
        buf[3] = (byte) (dLen & 0xFF);
    }


    /**
     * Return the underlying byte buffer.
     */
    public byte[] getBuffer() {
        return buf;
    }


    /**
     * Return the current message length. For read, it's the length of the
     * payload (excluding the header).  For write, it's the length of
     * the packet as a whole (counting the header).
     */
    public int getLen() {
        return len;
    }
    

    /**
     * Add a short integer (2 bytes) to the message.
     */
    public void appendInt(int val) {
        buf[pos++] = (byte) ((val >>> 8) & 0xFF);
        buf[pos++] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
    }


    /**
     * Append a byte (1 byte) to the message.
     */
    public void appendByte(int val) {
        buf[pos++] = (byte) val;
    }
	
    
    /**
     * Append an int (4 bytes) to the message.
     */
    public void appendLongInt(int val) {
        buf[pos++] = (byte) ((val >>> 24) & 0xFF);
        buf[pos++] = (byte) ((val >>> 16) & 0xFF);
        buf[pos++] = (byte) ((val >>> 8) & 0xFF);
        buf[pos++] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
    }

    
    /**
     * Write a MessageBytes out at the current write position.
     * A null MessageBytes is encoded as a string with length 0.  
     */
    public void appendBytes(MessageBytes mb) {
        if (mb == null) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.null"), 
                    new NullPointerException());
            appendInt(0);
            appendByte(0);
            return;
        }
        if (mb.getType() == MessageBytes.T_BYTES) {
            ByteChunk bc = mb.getByteChunk();
            appendByteChunk(bc);
        } else if (mb.getType() == MessageBytes.T_CHARS) {
            CharChunk cc = mb.getCharChunk();
            appendCharChunk(cc);
        } else {
            appendString(mb.toString());
        }
    }

    
    /**
     * Write a ByteChunk out at the current write position.
     * A null ByteChunk is encoded as a string with length 0.  
     */
    public void appendByteChunk(ByteChunk bc) {
        if (bc == null) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.null"), 
                    new NullPointerException());
            appendInt(0);
            appendByte(0);
            return;
        }
        appendBytes(bc.getBytes(), bc.getStart(), bc.getLength());
    }

    
    /**
     * Write a CharChunk out at the current write position.
     * A null CharChunk is encoded as a string with length 0.  
     */
    public void appendCharChunk(CharChunk cc) {
        if (cc == null) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.null"), 
                    new NullPointerException());
            appendInt(0);
            appendByte(0);
            return;
        }
        int start = cc.getStart();
        int end = cc.getEnd();
        appendInt(end - start);
        char[] cbuf = cc.getBuffer();
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            char c = cbuf[i];
            // Note:  This is clearly incorrect for many strings,
            // but is the only consistent approach within the current
            // servlet framework.  It must suffice until servlet output
            // streams properly encode their output.
            if ((c <= 31) && (c != 9)) {
                c = ' ';
            } else if (c == 127) {
                c = ' ';
            }
            appendByte(c);
        }
        appendByte(0);
    }

    
    /**
     * Write a String out at the current write position.  Strings are
     * encoded with the length in two bytes first, then the string, and
     * then a terminating \0 (which is <B>not included in the
     * encoded length).  The terminator is for the convenience of the C
     * code, where it saves a round of copying.  A null string is
     * encoded as a string with length 0.  
     */
    public void appendString(String str) {
        if (str == null) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.null"), 
                    new NullPointerException());
            appendInt(0);
            appendByte(0);
            return;
        }
        int len = str.length();
        appendInt(len);
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            char c = str.charAt (i);
            // Note:  This is clearly incorrect for many strings,
            // but is the only consistent approach within the current
            // servlet framework.  It must suffice until servlet output
            // streams properly encode their output.
            if ((c <= 31) && (c != 9)) {
                c = ' ';
            } else if (c == 127) {
                c = ' ';
            }
            appendByte(c);
        }
        appendByte(0);
    }

    
    /** 
     * Copy a chunk of bytes into the packet, starting at the current
     * write position.  The chunk of bytes is encoded with the length
     * in two bytes first, then the data itself, and finally a
     * terminating \0 (which is <B>not included in the encoded
     * length).
     *
     * @param b The array from which to copy bytes.
     * @param off The offset into the array at which to start copying
     * @param numBytes The number of bytes to copy.  
     */
    public void appendBytes(byte[] b, int off, int numBytes) {
        if (pos + numBytes + 3 > buf.length) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.overflow", "" + numBytes, "" + pos),
                    new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                dump("Overflow/coBytes");
            }
            return;
        }
        appendInt(numBytes);
        System.arraycopy(b, off, buf, pos, numBytes);
        pos += numBytes;
        appendByte(0);
    }

    
    /**
     * Read an integer from packet, and advance the read position past
     * it.  Integers are encoded as two unsigned bytes with the
     * high-order byte first, and, as far as I can tell, in
     * little-endian order within each byte.  
     */
    public int getInt() {
        int b1 = buf[pos++] & 0xFF;
        int b2 = buf[pos++] & 0xFF;
        return (b1<<8) + b2;
    }


    public int peekInt() {
        int b1 = buf[pos] & 0xFF;
        int b2 = buf[pos+1] & 0xFF;
        return (b1<<8) + b2;
    }

    
    public byte getByte() {
        byte res = buf[pos++];
        return res;
    }

    
    public byte peekByte() {
        byte res = buf[pos];
        return res;
    }

    
    public void getBytes(MessageBytes mb) {
        int length = getInt();
        if ((length == 0xFFFF) || (length == -1)) {
            mb.recycle();
            return;
        }
        mb.setBytes(buf, pos, length);
        pos += length;
        pos++; // Skip the terminating \0
    }
    
    
    /**
     * Copy a chunk of bytes from the packet into an array and advance
     * the read position past the chunk.  See appendBytes() for details
     * on the encoding.
     *
     * @return The number of bytes copied.
     */
    public int getBytes(byte[] dest) {
        int length = getInt();
        if (pos + length > buf.length) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.read", "" + length));
            return 0;
        }
	
        if ((length == 0xFFFF) || (length == -1)) {
            return 0;
        }

        System.arraycopy(buf, pos, dest, 0, length);
        pos += length;
        pos++; // Skip terminating \0
        return length;
    }

    
    /**
     * Read a 32 bits integer from packet, and advance the read position past
     * it.  Integers are encoded as four unsigned bytes with the
     * high-order byte first, and, as far as I can tell, in
     * little-endian order within each byte.
     */
    public int getLongInt() {
        int b1 = buf[pos++] & 0xFF; // No swap, Java order
        b1 <<= 8;
        b1 |= (buf[pos++] & 0xFF);
        b1 <<= 8;
        b1 |= (buf[pos++] & 0xFF);
        b1 <<=8;
        b1 |= (buf[pos++] & 0xFF);
        return  b1;
    }


    public int getHeaderLength() {
        return 4;
    }

    
    public int getPacketSize() {
        return buf.length;
    }
    
    
    public int processHeader() {
        pos = 0;
        int mark = getInt();
        len = getInt();
        // Verify message signature
        if ((mark != 0x1234) && (mark != 0x4142)) {
            log.error(sm.getString("ajpmessage.invalid", "" + mark));
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                dump("In: ");
            }
            return -1;
        }
        if (log.isDebugEnabled())  {
            log.debug("Received " + len + " " + buf[0]);
        }
        return len;
    }
    

    /**
     * Dump the contents of the message, prefixed with the given String.
     */
    public void dump(String msg) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug(msg + ": " + buf + " " + pos +"/" + (len + 4));
        }
        int max = pos;
        if (len + 4 > pos)
            max = len+4;
        if (max > 1000)
            max = 1000;
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            for (int j = 0; j < max; j += 16) { 
                log.debug(hexLine(buf, j, len));
            }
        }
    }


    // ------------------------------------------------------ Protected Methods


    protected static String hexLine(byte buf[], int start, int len) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = start; i < start + 16 ; i++) {
            if (i < len + 4) {
                sb.append(hex(buf[i]) + " ");
            } else { 
                sb.append("   ");
            }
        }
        sb.append(" | ");
        for (int i = start; i < start + 16 && i < len + 4; i++) {
            if (!Character.isISOControl((char) buf[i])) {
                sb.append(new Character((char) buf[i]));
            } else {
                sb.append(".");
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }


    protected static String hex(int x) {
        String h = Integer.toHexString(x);
        if (h.length() == 1) {
            h = "0" + h;
        }
        return h.substring(h.length() - 2);
    }


}

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