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Tomcat example source code file (SecureNioChannel.java)

This example Tomcat source code file (SecureNioChannel.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Tomcat tags/keywords

applicationbufferhandler, applicationbufferhandler, bytebuffer, bytebuffer, illegalargumentexception, illegalstateexception, invalid, io, ioexception, ioexception, net, nio, not_handshaking, ssl, sslengine, sslengineresult, sslengineresult, you

The Tomcat SecureNioChannel.java source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.tomcat.util.net;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngineResult;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngineResult.HandshakeStatus;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngineResult.Status;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.MutableInteger;

/**
 * 
 * Implementation of a secure socket channel
 * @author Filip Hanik
 * @version 1.0
 */

public class SecureNioChannel extends NioChannel  {
    
    protected ByteBuffer netInBuffer;
    protected ByteBuffer netOutBuffer;
    
    protected SSLEngine sslEngine;
    
    protected boolean initHandshakeComplete = false;
    protected HandshakeStatus initHandshakeStatus; //gets set by begin handshake
    
    protected boolean closed = false;
    protected boolean closing = false;
    
    protected NioSelectorPool pool;
    
    public SecureNioChannel(SocketChannel channel, SSLEngine engine, 
                            ApplicationBufferHandler bufHandler, NioSelectorPool pool) throws IOException {
        super(channel,bufHandler);
        this.sslEngine = engine;
        int appBufSize = sslEngine.getSession().getApplicationBufferSize();
        int netBufSize = sslEngine.getSession().getPacketBufferSize();
        //allocate network buffers - TODO, add in optional direct non-direct buffers
        if ( netInBuffer == null ) netInBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(netBufSize);
        if ( netOutBuffer == null ) netOutBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(netBufSize);
        
        //selector pool for blocking operations
        this.pool = pool;
        
        //ensure that the application has a large enough read/write buffers
        //by doing this, we should not encounter any buffer overflow errors
        bufHandler.expand(bufHandler.getReadBuffer(), appBufSize);
        bufHandler.expand(bufHandler.getWriteBuffer(), appBufSize);
        reset();
    }
    
    public void reset(SSLEngine engine) throws IOException {
        this.sslEngine = engine;
        reset();
    }
    public void reset() throws IOException {
        super.reset();
        netOutBuffer.position(0);
        netOutBuffer.limit(0);
        netInBuffer.position(0);
        netInBuffer.limit(0);
        initHandshakeComplete = false;
        closed = false;
        closing = false;
        //initiate handshake
        sslEngine.beginHandshake();
        initHandshakeStatus = sslEngine.getHandshakeStatus();
    }
    
    public int getBufferSize() {
        int size = super.getBufferSize();
        size += netInBuffer!=null?netInBuffer.capacity():0;
        size += netOutBuffer!=null?netOutBuffer.capacity():0;
        return size;
    }

    
//===========================================================================================    
//                  NIO SSL METHODS
//===========================================================================================
    /**
     * returns true if the network buffer has 
     * been flushed out and is empty
     * @return boolean
     */
    public boolean flush(boolean block, Selector s, long timeout,MutableInteger lastWrite) throws IOException {
        if (!block) {
            flush(netOutBuffer);
        } else {
            pool.write(netOutBuffer, this, s, timeout,block,lastWrite);
        }
        return !netOutBuffer.hasRemaining();
    }
    
    /**
     * Flushes the buffer to the network, non blocking
     * @param buf ByteBuffer
     * @return boolean true if the buffer has been emptied out, false otherwise
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected boolean flush(ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
        int remaining = buf.remaining();
        if ( remaining > 0 ) {
            int written = sc.write(buf);
            return written >= remaining;
        }else {
            return true;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Performs SSL handshake, non blocking, but performs NEED_TASK on the same thread.<br>
     * Hence, you should never call this method using your Acceptor thread, as you would slow down
     * your system significantly.<br>
     * The return for this operation is 0 if the handshake is complete and a positive value if it is not complete.
     * In the event of a positive value coming back, reregister the selection key for the return values interestOps.
     * @param read boolean - true if the underlying channel is readable
     * @param write boolean - true if the underlying channel is writable
     * @return int - 0 if hand shake is complete, otherwise it returns a SelectionKey interestOps value
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public int handshake(boolean read, boolean write) throws IOException {
        if ( initHandshakeComplete ) return 0; //we have done our initial handshake
        
        if (!flush(netOutBuffer)) return SelectionKey.OP_WRITE; //we still have data to write
        
        SSLEngineResult handshake = null;
        
        while (!initHandshakeComplete) {
            switch ( initHandshakeStatus ) {
                case NOT_HANDSHAKING: {
                    //should never happen
                    throw new IOException("NOT_HANDSHAKING during handshake");
                }
                case FINISHED: {
                    //we are complete if we have delivered the last package
                    initHandshakeComplete = !netOutBuffer.hasRemaining();
                    //return 0 if we are complete, otherwise we still have data to write
                    return initHandshakeComplete?0:SelectionKey.OP_WRITE; 
                }
                case NEED_WRAP: {
                    //perform the wrap function
                    handshake = handshakeWrap(write);
                    if ( handshake.getStatus() == Status.OK ){
                        if (initHandshakeStatus == HandshakeStatus.NEED_TASK) 
                            initHandshakeStatus = tasks();
                    } else {
                        //wrap should always work with our buffers
                        throw new IOException("Unexpected status:" + handshake.getStatus() + " during handshake WRAP.");
                    }
                    if ( initHandshakeStatus != HandshakeStatus.NEED_UNWRAP || (!flush(netOutBuffer)) ) {
                        //should actually return OP_READ if we have NEED_UNWRAP
                        return SelectionKey.OP_WRITE;
                    }
                    //fall down to NEED_UNWRAP on the same call, will result in a 
                    //BUFFER_UNDERFLOW if it needs data
                }
                case NEED_UNWRAP: {
                    //perform the unwrap function
                    handshake = handshakeUnwrap(read);
                    if ( handshake.getStatus() == Status.OK ) {
                        if (initHandshakeStatus == HandshakeStatus.NEED_TASK) 
                            initHandshakeStatus = tasks();
                    } else if ( handshake.getStatus() == Status.BUFFER_UNDERFLOW ){
                        //read more data, reregister for OP_READ
                        return SelectionKey.OP_READ;
                    } else {
                        throw new IOException("Invalid handshake status:"+initHandshakeStatus+" during handshake UNWRAP.");
                    }//switch
                    break;
                }
                case NEED_TASK: {
                    initHandshakeStatus = tasks();
                    break;
                }
                default: throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid handshake status:"+initHandshakeStatus);
            }//switch
        }//while      
        //return 0 if we are complete, otherwise reregister for any activity that 
        //would cause this method to be called again.
        return initHandshakeComplete?0:(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE|SelectionKey.OP_READ);
    }
    
    /**
     * Executes all the tasks needed on the same thread.
     * @return HandshakeStatus
     */
    protected SSLEngineResult.HandshakeStatus tasks() {
        Runnable r = null;
        while ( (r = sslEngine.getDelegatedTask()) != null) {
            r.run();
        }
        return sslEngine.getHandshakeStatus();
    }

    /**
     * Performs the WRAP function
     * @param doWrite boolean
     * @return SSLEngineResult
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected SSLEngineResult handshakeWrap(boolean doWrite) throws IOException {
        //this should never be called with a network buffer that contains data
        //so we can clear it here.
        netOutBuffer.clear();
        //perform the wrap
        SSLEngineResult result = sslEngine.wrap(bufHandler.getWriteBuffer(), netOutBuffer);
        //prepare the results to be written
        netOutBuffer.flip();
        //set the status
        initHandshakeStatus = result.getHandshakeStatus();
        //optimization, if we do have a writable channel, write it now
        if ( doWrite ) flush(netOutBuffer);
        return result;
    }
    
    /**
     * Perform handshake unwrap
     * @param doread boolean
     * @return SSLEngineResult
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected SSLEngineResult handshakeUnwrap(boolean doread) throws IOException {
        
        if (netInBuffer.position() == netInBuffer.limit()) {
            //clear the buffer if we have emptied it out on data
            netInBuffer.clear();
        }
        if ( doread )  {
            //if we have data to read, read it
            int read = sc.read(netInBuffer);
            if (read == -1) throw new IOException("EOF encountered during handshake.");
        }        
        SSLEngineResult result;
        boolean cont = false;
        //loop while we can perform pure SSLEngine data
        do {
            //prepare the buffer with the incoming data
            netInBuffer.flip();
            //call unwrap
            result = sslEngine.unwrap(netInBuffer, bufHandler.getReadBuffer());
            //compact the buffer, this is an optional method, wonder what would happen if we didn't
            netInBuffer.compact();
            //read in the status
            initHandshakeStatus = result.getHandshakeStatus();
            if ( result.getStatus() == SSLEngineResult.Status.OK &&
                 result.getHandshakeStatus() == HandshakeStatus.NEED_TASK ) {
                //execute tasks if we need to
                initHandshakeStatus = tasks();
            }
            //perform another unwrap?
            cont = result.getStatus() == SSLEngineResult.Status.OK &&
                   initHandshakeStatus == HandshakeStatus.NEED_UNWRAP;
        }while ( cont );
        return result;
    }
    
    /**
     * Sends a SSL close message, will not physically close the connection here.<br>
     * To close the connection, you could do something like
     * <pre>
     *   close();
     *   while (isOpen() && !myTimeoutFunction()) Thread.sleep(25);
     *   if ( isOpen() ) close(true); //forces a close if you timed out
     * </code>
* @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs * @throws IOException if there is data on the outgoing network buffer and we are unable to flush it * @todo Implement this java.io.Closeable method */ public void close() throws IOException { if (closing) return; closing = true; sslEngine.closeOutbound(); if (!flush(netOutBuffer)) { throw new IOException("Remaining data in the network buffer, can't send SSL close message, force a close with close(true) instead"); } //prep the buffer for the close message netOutBuffer.clear(); //perform the close, since we called sslEngine.closeOutbound SSLEngineResult handshake = sslEngine.wrap(getEmptyBuf(), netOutBuffer); //we should be in a close state if (handshake.getStatus() != SSLEngineResult.Status.CLOSED) { throw new IOException("Invalid close state, will not send network data."); } //prepare the buffer for writing netOutBuffer.flip(); //if there is data to be written flush(netOutBuffer); //is the channel closed? closed = (!netOutBuffer.hasRemaining() && (handshake.getHandshakeStatus() != HandshakeStatus.NEED_WRAP)); } /** * Force a close, can throw an IOException * @param force boolean * @throws IOException */ public void close(boolean force) throws IOException { try { close(); }finally { if ( force || closed ) { closed = true; sc.socket().close(); sc.close(); } } } /** * Reads a sequence of bytes from this channel into the given buffer. * * @param dst The buffer into which bytes are to be transferred * @return The number of bytes read, possibly zero, or <tt>-1 if the channel has reached end-of-stream * @throws IOException If some other I/O error occurs * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the destination buffer is different than bufHandler.getReadBuffer() * @todo Implement this java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel method */ public int read(ByteBuffer dst) throws IOException { //if we want to take advantage of the expand function, make sure we only use the ApplicationBufferHandler's buffers if ( dst != bufHandler.getReadBuffer() ) throw new IllegalArgumentException("You can only read using the application read buffer provided by the handler."); //are we in the middle of closing or closed? if ( closing || closed) return -1; //did we finish our handshake? if (!initHandshakeComplete) throw new IllegalStateException("Handshake incomplete, you must complete handshake before reading data."); //read from the network int netread = sc.read(netInBuffer); //did we reach EOF? if so send EOF up one layer. if (netread == -1) return -1; //the data read int read = 0; //the SSL engine result SSLEngineResult unwrap; do { //prepare the buffer netInBuffer.flip(); //unwrap the data unwrap = sslEngine.unwrap(netInBuffer, dst); //compact the buffer netInBuffer.compact(); if ( unwrap.getStatus()==Status.OK || unwrap.getStatus()==Status.BUFFER_UNDERFLOW ) { //we did receive some data, add it to our total read += unwrap.bytesProduced(); //perform any tasks if needed if (unwrap.getHandshakeStatus() == HandshakeStatus.NEED_TASK) tasks(); //if we need more network data, then bail out for now. if ( unwrap.getStatus() == Status.BUFFER_UNDERFLOW ) break; }else if ( unwrap.getStatus()==Status.BUFFER_OVERFLOW && read>0 ) { //buffer overflow can happen, if we have read data, then //empty out the dst buffer before we do another read break; }else { //here we should trap BUFFER_OVERFLOW and call expand on the buffer //for now, throw an exception, as we initialized the buffers //in the constructor throw new IOException("Unable to unwrap data, invalid status: " + unwrap.getStatus()); } } while ( (netInBuffer.position() != 0)); //continue to unwrapping as long as the input buffer has stuff return (read); } /** * Writes a sequence of bytes to this channel from the given buffer. * * @param src The buffer from which bytes are to be retrieved * @return The number of bytes written, possibly zero * @throws IOException If some other I/O error occurs * @todo Implement this java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel method */ public int write(ByteBuffer src) throws IOException { if ( src == this.netOutBuffer ) { //we can get here through a recursive call //by using the NioBlockingSelector int written = sc.write(src); return written; } else { //make sure we can handle expand, and that we only use on buffer if ( src != bufHandler.getWriteBuffer() ) throw new IllegalArgumentException("You can only write using the application write buffer provided by the handler."); //are we closing or closed? if ( closing || closed) throw new IOException("Channel is in closing state."); //the number of bytes written int written = 0; if (!flush(netOutBuffer)) { //we haven't emptied out the buffer yet return written; } /* * The data buffer is empty, we can reuse the entire buffer. */ netOutBuffer.clear(); SSLEngineResult result = sslEngine.wrap(src, netOutBuffer); written = result.bytesConsumed(); netOutBuffer.flip(); if (result.getStatus() == Status.OK) { if (result.getHandshakeStatus() == HandshakeStatus.NEED_TASK) tasks(); } else { throw new IOException("Unable to wrap data, invalid engine state: " +result.getStatus()); } //force a flush flush(netOutBuffer); return written; } } /** * Callback interface to be able to expand buffers * when buffer overflow exceptions happen */ public static interface ApplicationBufferHandler { public ByteBuffer expand(ByteBuffer buffer, int remaining); public ByteBuffer getReadBuffer(); public ByteBuffer getWriteBuffer(); } public ApplicationBufferHandler getBufHandler() { return bufHandler; } public boolean isInitHandshakeComplete() { return initHandshakeComplete; } public boolean isClosing() { return closing; } public SSLEngine getSslEngine() { return sslEngine; } public ByteBuffer getEmptyBuf() { return emptyBuf; } public void setBufHandler(ApplicationBufferHandler bufHandler) { this.bufHandler = bufHandler; } public SocketChannel getIOChannel() { return sc; } }

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