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Commons Math example source code file (SemiVariance.java)

This example Commons Math source code file (SemiVariance.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Commons Math tags/keywords

abstractunivariatestatistic, abstractunivariatestatistic, direction, direction, downside, downside_variance, io, override, override, semivariance, semivariance, serializable, upside, upside_variance

The Commons Math SemiVariance.java source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive.moment;

import java.io.Serializable;
import org.apache.commons.math.MathRuntimeException;
import org.apache.commons.math.stat.descriptive.AbstractUnivariateStatistic;

/**
 * <p>Computes the semivariance of a set of values with respect to a given cutoff value.
 * We define the <i>downside semivariance of a set of values x
 * against the <i>cutoff value cutoff to be 
* <code>? (x[i] - target)2 / df
* where the sum is taken over all <code>i such that x[i] < cutoff * and <code>df is the length of x (non-bias-corrected) or * one less than this number (bias corrected). The <i>upside semivariance * is defined similarly, with the sum taken over values of <code>x that * exceed the cutoff value.</p> * * <p>The cutoff value defaults to the mean, bias correction defaults to true * and the "variance direction" (upside or downside) defaults to downside. The variance direction * and bias correction may be set using property setters or their values can provided as * parameters to {@link #evaluate(double[], double, Direction, boolean, int, int)}.</p> * * <p>If the input array is null, evaluate methods throw * <code>IllegalArgumentException. If the array has length 1, 0 * is returned, regardless of the value of the <code>cutoff. * * <p>Note that this class is not intended to be threadsafe. If * multiple threads access an instance of this class concurrently, and one or * more of these threads invoke property setters, external synchronization must * be provided to ensure correct results.</p> * * @version $Revision: 917275 $ $Date: 2010-02-28 14:43:11 -0500 (Sun, 28 Feb 2010) $ * @since 2.1 */ public class SemiVariance extends AbstractUnivariateStatistic implements Serializable { /** * The UPSIDE Direction is used to specify that the observations above the * cutoff point will be used to calculate SemiVariance. */ public static final Direction UPSIDE_VARIANCE = Direction.UPSIDE; /** * The DOWNSIDE Direction is used to specify that the observations below * the cutoff point will be used to calculate SemiVariance */ public static final Direction DOWNSIDE_VARIANCE = Direction.DOWNSIDE; /** Serializable version identifier */ private static final long serialVersionUID = -2653430366886024994L; /** * Determines whether or not bias correction is applied when computing the * value of the statisic. True means that bias is corrected. */ private boolean biasCorrected = true; /** * Determines whether to calculate downside or upside SemiVariance. */ private Direction varianceDirection = Direction.DOWNSIDE; /** * Constructs a SemiVariance with default (true) <code>biasCorrected * property and default (Downside) <code>varianceDirection property. */ public SemiVariance() { } /** * Constructs a SemiVariance with the specified <code>biasCorrected * property and default (Downside) <code>varianceDirection property. * * @param biasCorrected setting for bias correction - true means * bias will be corrected and is equivalent to using the argumentless * constructor */ public SemiVariance(final boolean biasCorrected) { this.biasCorrected = biasCorrected; } /** * Constructs a SemiVariance with the specified <code>Direction property * and default (true) <code>biasCorrected property * * @param direction setting for the direction of the SemiVariance * to calculate */ public SemiVariance(final Direction direction) { this.varianceDirection = direction; } /** * Constructs a SemiVariance with the specified <code>isBiasCorrected * property and the specified <code>Direction property. * * @param corrected setting for bias correction - true means * bias will be corrected and is equivalent to using the argumentless * constructor * * @param direction setting for the direction of the SemiVariance * to calculate */ public SemiVariance(final boolean corrected, final Direction direction) { this.biasCorrected = corrected; this.varianceDirection = direction; } /** * Copy constructor, creates a new {@code SemiVariance} identical * to the {@code original} * * @param original the {@code SemiVariance} instance to copy */ public SemiVariance(final SemiVariance original) { copy(original, this); } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ @Override public SemiVariance copy() { SemiVariance result = new SemiVariance(); copy(this, result); return result; } /** * Copies source to dest. * <p>Neither source nor dest can be null.

* * @param source SemiVariance to copy * @param dest SemiVariance to copy to * @throws NullPointerException if either source or dest is null */ public static void copy(final SemiVariance source, SemiVariance dest) { dest.biasCorrected = source.biasCorrected; dest.varianceDirection = source.varianceDirection; } /** * This method calculates {@link SemiVariance} for the entire array against the mean, using * instance properties varianceDirection and biasCorrection. * * @param values the input array * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if values is null * */ @Override public double evaluate(final double[] values) { if (values == null) { throw MathRuntimeException.createIllegalArgumentException("input values array is null"); } return evaluate(values, 0, values.length); } /** * <p>Returns the {@link SemiVariance} of the designated values against the mean, using * instance properties varianceDirection and biasCorrection.</p> * * <p>Returns NaN if the array is empty and throws * <code>IllegalArgumentException if the array is null.

* * @param values the input array * @param start index of the first array element to include * @param length the number of elements to include * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the parameters are not valid * */ @Override public double evaluate(final double[] values, final int start, final int length) { double m = (new Mean()).evaluate(values, start, length); return evaluate(values, m, varianceDirection, biasCorrected, 0, values.length); } /** * This method calculates {@link SemiVariance} for the entire array against the mean, using * the current value of the biasCorrection instance property. * * @param values the input array * @param direction the {@link Direction} of the semivariance * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if values is null * */ public double evaluate(final double[] values, Direction direction) { double m = (new Mean()).evaluate(values); return evaluate (values, m, direction, biasCorrected, 0, values.length); } /** * <p>Returns the {@link SemiVariance} of the designated values against the cutoff, using * instance properties variancDirection and biasCorrection.</p> * * <p>Returns NaN if the array is empty and throws * <code>IllegalArgumentException if the array is null.

* * @param values the input array * @param cutoff the reference point * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if values is null */ public double evaluate(final double[] values, final double cutoff) { return evaluate(values, cutoff, varianceDirection, biasCorrected, 0, values.length); } /** * <p>Returns the {@link SemiVariance} of the designated values against the cutoff in the * given direction, using the current value of the biasCorrection instance property.</p> * * <p>Returns NaN if the array is empty and throws * <code>IllegalArgumentException if the array is null.

* * @param values the input array * @param cutoff the reference point * @param direction the {@link Direction} of the semivariance * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if values is null */ public double evaluate(final double[] values, final double cutoff, final Direction direction) { return evaluate(values, cutoff, direction, biasCorrected, 0, values.length); } /** * <p>Returns the {@link SemiVariance} of the designated values against the cutoff * in the given direction with the provided bias correction.</p> * * <p>Returns NaN if the array is empty and throws * <code>IllegalArgumentException if the array is null.

* * @param values the input array * @param cutoff the reference point * @param direction the {@link Direction} of the semivariance * @param corrected the BiasCorrection flag * @param start index of the first array element to include * @param length the number of elements to include * @return the SemiVariance * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the parameters are not valid * */ public double evaluate (final double[] values, final double cutoff, final Direction direction, final boolean corrected, final int start, final int length) { test(values, start, length); if (values.length == 0) { return Double.NaN; } else { if (values.length == 1) { return 0.0; } else { final boolean booleanDirection = direction.getDirection(); double dev = 0.0; double sumsq = 0.0; for (int i = start; i < length; i++) { if ((values[i] > cutoff) == booleanDirection) { dev = values[i] - cutoff; sumsq += dev * dev; } } if (corrected) { return sumsq / (length - 1.0); } else { return sumsq / length; } } } } /** * Returns true iff biasCorrected property is set to true. * * @return the value of biasCorrected. */ public boolean isBiasCorrected() { return biasCorrected; } /** * Sets the biasCorrected property. * * @param biasCorrected new biasCorrected property value */ public void setBiasCorrected(boolean biasCorrected) { this.biasCorrected = biasCorrected; } /** * Returns the varianceDirection property. * * @return the varianceDirection */ public Direction getVarianceDirection () { return varianceDirection; } /** * Sets the variance direction * * @param varianceDirection the direction of the semivariance */ public void setVarianceDirection(Direction varianceDirection) { this.varianceDirection = varianceDirection; } /** * The direction of the semivariance - either upside or downside. The direction * is represented by boolean, with true corresponding to UPSIDE semivariance. */ public enum Direction { /** * The UPSIDE Direction is used to specify that the observations above the * cutoff point will be used to calculate SemiVariance */ UPSIDE (true), /** * The DOWNSIDE Direction is used to specify that the observations below * the cutoff point will be used to calculate SemiVariance */ DOWNSIDE (false); /** * boolean value UPSIDE <-> true */ private boolean direction; /** * Create a Direction with the given value. * * @param b boolean value representing the Direction. True corresponds to UPSIDE. */ Direction (boolean b) { direction = b; } /** * Returns the value of this Direction. True corresponds to UPSIDE. * * @return true if direction is UPSIDE; false otherwise */ boolean getDirection () { return direction; } } }

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