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Java example source code file (MathUtils.java)

This example Java source code file (MathUtils.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

double, flip, localizable, matharithmeticexception, mathutils, notfinitenumberexception, nullargumentexception, object, realfieldelement, sign, two_pi, util

The MathUtils.java Java example source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.math3.util;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.apache.commons.math3.RealFieldElement;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.MathArithmeticException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.NotFiniteNumberException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.NullArgumentException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.util.Localizable;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;

/**
 * Miscellaneous utility functions.
 *
 * @see ArithmeticUtils
 * @see Precision
 * @see MathArrays
 *
 */
public final class MathUtils {
    /**
     * \(2\pi\)
     * @since 2.1
     */
    public static final double TWO_PI = 2 * FastMath.PI;

    /**
     * \(\pi^2\)
     * @since 3.4
     */
    public static final double PI_SQUARED = FastMath.PI * FastMath.PI;


    /**
     * Class contains only static methods.
     */
    private MathUtils() {}


    /**
     * Returns an integer hash code representing the given double value.
     *
     * @param value the value to be hashed
     * @return the hash code
     */
    public static int hash(double value) {
        return new Double(value).hashCode();
    }

    /**
     * Returns {@code true} if the values are equal according to semantics of
     * {@link Double#equals(Object)}.
     *
     * @param x Value
     * @param y Value
     * @return {@code new Double(x).equals(new Double(y))}
     */
    public static boolean equals(double x, double y) {
        return new Double(x).equals(new Double(y));
    }

    /**
     * Returns an integer hash code representing the given double array.
     *
     * @param value the value to be hashed (may be null)
     * @return the hash code
     * @since 1.2
     */
    public static int hash(double[] value) {
        return Arrays.hashCode(value);
    }

    /**
     * Normalize an angle in a 2? wide interval around a center value.
     * <p>This method has three main uses:

* <ul> * <li>normalize an angle between 0 and 2?:
* {@code a = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(a, FastMath.PI);}</li> * <li>normalize an angle between -? and +?
* {@code a = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(a, 0.0);}</li> * <li>compute the angle between two defining angular positions:
* {@code angle = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(end, start) - start;}</li> * </ul> * <p>Note that due to numerical accuracy and since ? cannot be represented * exactly, the result interval is <em>closed, it cannot be half-closed * as would be more satisfactory in a purely mathematical view.</p> * @param a angle to normalize * @param center center of the desired 2? interval for the result * @return a-2k? with integer k and center-? <= a-2k? <= center+? * @since 1.2 */ public static double normalizeAngle(double a, double center) { return a - TWO_PI * FastMath.floor((a + FastMath.PI - center) / TWO_PI); } /** Find the maximum of two field elements. * @param <T> the type of the field elements * @param e1 first element * @param e2 second element * @return max(a1, e2) * @since 3.6 */ public static <T extends RealFieldElement T max(final T e1, final T e2) { return e1.subtract(e2).getReal() >= 0 ? e1 : e2; } /** Find the minimum of two field elements. * @param <T> the type of the field elements * @param e1 first element * @param e2 second element * @return min(a1, e2) * @since 3.6 */ public static <T extends RealFieldElement T min(final T e1, final T e2) { return e1.subtract(e2).getReal() >= 0 ? e2 : e1; } /** * <p>Reduce {@code |a - offset|} to the primary interval * {@code [0, |period|)}.</p> * * <p>Specifically, the value returned is
* {@code a - |period| * floor((a - offset) / |period|) - offset}.</p> * * <p>If any of the parameters are {@code NaN} or infinite, the result is * {@code NaN}.</p> * * @param a Value to reduce. * @param period Period. * @param offset Value that will be mapped to {@code 0}. * @return the value, within the interval {@code [0 |period|)}, * that corresponds to {@code a}. */ public static double reduce(double a, double period, double offset) { final double p = FastMath.abs(period); return a - p * FastMath.floor((a - offset) / p) - offset; } /** * Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. * * @param magnitude Magnitude of the returned value. * @param sign Sign of the returned value. * @return a value with magnitude equal to {@code magnitude} and with the * same sign as the {@code sign} argument. * @throws MathArithmeticException if {@code magnitude == Byte.MIN_VALUE} * and {@code sign >= 0}. */ public static byte copySign(byte magnitude, byte sign) throws MathArithmeticException { if ((magnitude >= 0 && sign >= 0) || (magnitude < 0 && sign < 0)) { // Sign is OK. return magnitude; } else if (sign >= 0 && magnitude == Byte.MIN_VALUE) { throw new MathArithmeticException(LocalizedFormats.OVERFLOW); } else { return (byte) -magnitude; // Flip sign. } } /** * Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. * * @param magnitude Magnitude of the returned value. * @param sign Sign of the returned value. * @return a value with magnitude equal to {@code magnitude} and with the * same sign as the {@code sign} argument. * @throws MathArithmeticException if {@code magnitude == Short.MIN_VALUE} * and {@code sign >= 0}. */ public static short copySign(short magnitude, short sign) throws MathArithmeticException { if ((magnitude >= 0 && sign >= 0) || (magnitude < 0 && sign < 0)) { // Sign is OK. return magnitude; } else if (sign >= 0 && magnitude == Short.MIN_VALUE) { throw new MathArithmeticException(LocalizedFormats.OVERFLOW); } else { return (short) -magnitude; // Flip sign. } } /** * Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. * * @param magnitude Magnitude of the returned value. * @param sign Sign of the returned value. * @return a value with magnitude equal to {@code magnitude} and with the * same sign as the {@code sign} argument. * @throws MathArithmeticException if {@code magnitude == Integer.MIN_VALUE} * and {@code sign >= 0}. */ public static int copySign(int magnitude, int sign) throws MathArithmeticException { if ((magnitude >= 0 && sign >= 0) || (magnitude < 0 && sign < 0)) { // Sign is OK. return magnitude; } else if (sign >= 0 && magnitude == Integer.MIN_VALUE) { throw new MathArithmeticException(LocalizedFormats.OVERFLOW); } else { return -magnitude; // Flip sign. } } /** * Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. * * @param magnitude Magnitude of the returned value. * @param sign Sign of the returned value. * @return a value with magnitude equal to {@code magnitude} and with the * same sign as the {@code sign} argument. * @throws MathArithmeticException if {@code magnitude == Long.MIN_VALUE} * and {@code sign >= 0}. */ public static long copySign(long magnitude, long sign) throws MathArithmeticException { if ((magnitude >= 0 && sign >= 0) || (magnitude < 0 && sign < 0)) { // Sign is OK. return magnitude; } else if (sign >= 0 && magnitude == Long.MIN_VALUE) { throw new MathArithmeticException(LocalizedFormats.OVERFLOW); } else { return -magnitude; // Flip sign. } } /** * Check that the argument is a real number. * * @param x Argument. * @throws NotFiniteNumberException if {@code x} is not a * finite real number. */ public static void checkFinite(final double x) throws NotFiniteNumberException { if (Double.isInfinite(x) || Double.isNaN(x)) { throw new NotFiniteNumberException(x); } } /** * Check that all the elements are real numbers. * * @param val Arguments. * @throws NotFiniteNumberException if any values of the array is not a * finite real number. */ public static void checkFinite(final double[] val) throws NotFiniteNumberException { for (int i = 0; i < val.length; i++) { final double x = val[i]; if (Double.isInfinite(x) || Double.isNaN(x)) { throw new NotFiniteNumberException(LocalizedFormats.ARRAY_ELEMENT, x, i); } } } /** * Checks that an object is not null. * * @param o Object to be checked. * @param pattern Message pattern. * @param args Arguments to replace the placeholders in {@code pattern}. * @throws NullArgumentException if {@code o} is {@code null}. */ public static void checkNotNull(Object o, Localizable pattern, Object ... args) throws NullArgumentException { if (o == null) { throw new NullArgumentException(pattern, args); } } /** * Checks that an object is not null. * * @param o Object to be checked. * @throws NullArgumentException if {@code o} is {@code null}. */ public static void checkNotNull(Object o) throws NullArgumentException { if (o == null) { throw new NullArgumentException(); } } }

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