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Java example source code file (ImplicitBindingTest.java)

This example Java source code file (ImplicitBindingTest.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

abstractmodule, bar, binding, foo, inject, injector, invalidlinked2, invalidprovidedby2, message, nonemptyenum, override, provided, provider, string, util

The ImplicitBindingTest.java Java example source code

/**
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Google Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.inject;

import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.inject.name.Named;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;
import com.google.inject.spi.Message;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author crazybob@google.com (Bob Lee)
 */
public class ImplicitBindingTest extends TestCase {

  public void testCircularDependency() throws CreationException {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    Foo foo = injector.getInstance(Foo.class);
    assertSame(foo, foo.bar.foo);
  }

  static class Foo {
    @Inject Bar bar;
  }

  static class Bar {
    final Foo foo;
    @Inject
    public Bar(Foo foo) {
      this.foo = foo;
    }
  }

  public void testDefaultImplementation() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    I i = injector.getInstance(I.class);
    i.go();
  }

  @ImplementedBy(IImpl.class)
  interface I {
    void go();
  }

  static class IImpl implements I {
    public void go() {}
  }

  static class AlternateImpl implements I {
    public void go() {}
  }

  public void testDefaultProvider() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    Provided provided = injector.getInstance(Provided.class);
    provided.go();
  }

  public void testBindingOverridesImplementedBy() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(new AbstractModule() {
      @Override
      protected void configure() {
        bind(I.class).to(AlternateImpl.class);
      }
    });
    assertEquals(AlternateImpl.class, injector.getInstance(I.class).getClass());
  }

  @ProvidedBy(ProvidedProvider.class)
  interface Provided {
    void go();
  }

  public void testNoImplicitBindingIsCreatedForAnnotatedKeys() {
    try {
      Guice.createInjector().getInstance(Key.get(I.class, Names.named("i")));
      fail();
    } catch (ConfigurationException expected) {
      Asserts.assertContains(expected.getMessage(),
          "1) No implementation for " + I.class.getName(),
          "annotated with @" + Named.class.getName() + "(value=i) was bound.",
          "while locating " + I.class.getName(),
          " annotated with @" + Named.class.getName() + "(value=i)");
    }
  }

  static class ProvidedProvider implements Provider<Provided> {
    public Provided get() {
      return new Provided() {
        public void go() {}
      };
    }
  }

  /**
   * When we're building the binding for A, we temporarily insert that binding to support circular
   * dependencies. And so we can successfully create a binding for B. But later, when the binding
   * for A ultimately fails, we need to clean up the dependent binding for B.
   * 
   * The test loops through linked bindings & bindings with constructor & member injections,
   * to make sure that all are cleaned up and traversed.  It also makes sure we don't touch
   * explicit bindings.
   */
  public void testCircularJitBindingsLeaveNoResidue() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(new AbstractModule() {
      @Override
      protected void configure() {
        bind(Valid.class);
        bind(Valid2.class);
      }
    });
    
    // Capture good bindings.
    Binding v1 = injector.getBinding(Valid.class);
    Binding v2 = injector.getBinding(Valid2.class);
    Binding jv1 = injector.getBinding(JitValid.class);
    Binding jv2 = injector.getBinding(JitValid2.class);

    // Then validate that a whole series of invalid bindings are erased.
    assertFailure(injector, Invalid.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidLinked.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidLinkedImpl.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidLinked2.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidLinked2Impl.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidProvidedBy.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidProvidedByProvider.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidProvidedBy2.class);
    assertFailure(injector, InvalidProvidedBy2Provider.class);
    assertFailure(injector, Invalid2.class);
    
    // Validate we didn't do anything to the valid explicit bindings.
    assertSame(v1, injector.getBinding(Valid.class));
    assertSame(v2, injector.getBinding(Valid2.class));
    
    // Validate that we didn't erase the valid JIT bindings
    assertSame(jv1, injector.getBinding(JitValid.class));
    assertSame(jv2, injector.getBinding(JitValid2.class));
  }
  
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  private void assertFailure(Injector injector, Class clazz) {
    try {
      injector.getBinding(clazz);
      fail("Shouldn't have been able to get binding of: " + clazz);
    } catch(ConfigurationException expected) {
      Message msg = Iterables.getOnlyElement(expected.getErrorMessages());
      assertEquals("No implementation for " + InvalidInterface.class.getName() + " was bound.",
          msg.getMessage());
      List<Object> sources = msg.getSources();
      // Assert that the first item in the sources if the key for the class we're looking up,
      // ensuring that each lookup is "new".
      assertEquals(Key.get(clazz).toString(), sources.get(0).toString());
      // Assert that the last item in each lookup contains the InvalidInterface class
      Asserts.assertContains(sources.get(sources.size()-1).toString(),
          Key.get(InvalidInterface.class).toString());
    }
  }

  static class Invalid {
    @Inject Valid a;
    @Inject JitValid b;    
    @Inject InvalidProvidedBy c; 
    @Inject Invalid(InvalidLinked a) {}    
    @Inject void foo(InvalidInterface a) {}
    
  }

  @ImplementedBy(InvalidLinkedImpl.class)
  static interface InvalidLinked {}
  static class InvalidLinkedImpl implements InvalidLinked {
    @Inject InvalidLinked2 a;
  }
  
  @ImplementedBy(InvalidLinked2Impl.class)
  static interface InvalidLinked2 {}
  static class InvalidLinked2Impl implements InvalidLinked2 {
    @Inject InvalidLinked2Impl(Invalid2 a) {}
  }
  
  @ProvidedBy(InvalidProvidedByProvider.class)
  static interface InvalidProvidedBy {}
  static class InvalidProvidedByProvider implements Provider<InvalidProvidedBy> {
    @Inject InvalidProvidedBy2 a;
    public InvalidProvidedBy get() {
      return null;
    }
  }
  
  @ProvidedBy(InvalidProvidedBy2Provider.class)
  static interface InvalidProvidedBy2 {}
  static class InvalidProvidedBy2Provider implements Provider<InvalidProvidedBy2> {
    @Inject Invalid2 a;
    public InvalidProvidedBy2 get() {
      return null;
    }
  }  
  
  static class Invalid2 {
    @Inject Invalid a;
  }

  interface InvalidInterface {}
  
  static class Valid { @Inject Valid2 a; }
  static class Valid2 {}
  
  static class JitValid { @Inject JitValid2 a; }
  static class JitValid2 {}
  
  /**
   * Regression test for https://github.com/google/guice/issues/319
   * 
   * The bug is that a class that asks for a provider for itself during injection time, 
   * where any one of the other types required to fulfill the object creation was bound 
   * in a child constructor, explodes when the injected Provider is called.
   * 
   * It works just fine when the other types are bound in a main injector.
   */  
  public void testInstancesRequestingProvidersForThemselvesWithChildInjectors() {       
    final Module testModule = new AbstractModule() {
      @Override
      protected void configure() {
        bind(String.class)
          .toProvider(TestStringProvider.class);
      }            
    };    
    
    // Verify it works when the type is setup in the parent.
    Injector parentSetupRootInjector = Guice.createInjector(testModule);
    Injector parentSetupChildInjector = parentSetupRootInjector.createChildInjector();
    assertEquals(TestStringProvider.TEST_VALUE, 
        parentSetupChildInjector.getInstance(
            RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType.class).getValue());
        
    // Verify it works when the type is setup in the child, not the parent.
    // If it still occurs, the bug will explode here.
    Injector childSetupRootInjector = Guice.createInjector();
    Injector childSetupChildInjector = childSetupRootInjector.createChildInjector(testModule);      
    assertEquals(TestStringProvider.TEST_VALUE, 
        childSetupChildInjector.getInstance(
            RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType.class).getValue());
  }
  
  static class TestStringProvider implements Provider<String> {
    static final String TEST_VALUE = "This is to verify it all works";
    
    public String get() {
      return TEST_VALUE;
    }    
  }    
  
  static class RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType {
    private final Provider<RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType> selfProvider;
    private final String providedStringValue;
    
    @Inject    
    RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType(
        String providedStringValue,
        Provider<RequiresProviderForSelfWithOtherType> selfProvider
        ) {
      this.providedStringValue = providedStringValue;
      this.selfProvider = selfProvider;      
    }
    
    public String getValue() {
      // Attempt to get another instance of ourself. This pattern
      // is possible for recursive processing. 
      selfProvider.get();
      
      return providedStringValue;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Ensure that when we cleanup failed JIT bindings, we don't break.
   * The test here requires a sequence of JIT bindings:
   *   A-> B 
   *   B -> C, A
   *   C -> A, D
   *   D not JITable
   * The problem was that C cleaned up A's binding and then handed control back to B,
   * which tried to continue processing A.. but A was removed from the jitBindings Map,
   * so it attempts to create a new JIT binding for A, but we haven't yet finished
   * constructing the first JIT binding for A, so we get a recursive
   * computation exception from ComputingConcurrentHashMap.
   * 
   * We also throw in a valid JIT binding, E, to guarantee that if
   * something fails in this flow, it can be recreated later if it's
   * not from a failed sequence.
   */
  public void testRecursiveJitBindingsCleanupCorrectly() throws Exception {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    try {
      injector.getInstance(A.class);
      fail("Expected failure");
    } catch(ConfigurationException expected) {
      Message msg = Iterables.getOnlyElement(expected.getErrorMessages());
      Asserts.assertContains(msg.getMessage(),
          "Could not find a suitable constructor in " + D.class.getName());
    }
    // Assert that we've removed all the bindings.
    assertNull(injector.getExistingBinding(Key.get(A.class)));
    assertNull(injector.getExistingBinding(Key.get(B.class)));
    assertNull(injector.getExistingBinding(Key.get(C.class)));
    assertNull(injector.getExistingBinding(Key.get(D.class)));
    
    // Confirm that we didn't prevent 'E' from working.
    assertNotNull(injector.getBinding(Key.get(E.class)));
  }

  static class A {
    @Inject public A(B b) {}
  }

  static class B {
    @Inject public B(C c, A a) {}
  }

  static class C {
    @Inject public C(A a, D d, E e) {}
  }

  static class D {
    public D(int i) {}
  }
  
  // Valid JITable binding
  static class E { }

  public void testProvidedByNonEmptyEnum() {
    NonEmptyEnum cardSuit = Guice.createInjector().getInstance(NonEmptyEnum.class);

    assertEquals(NonEmptyEnum.HEARTS, cardSuit);
  }

  public void testProvidedByEmptyEnum() {
    EmptyEnum emptyEnumValue = Guice.createInjector().getInstance(EmptyEnum.class);
    assertNull(emptyEnumValue);
  }

  @ProvidedBy(NonEmptyEnumProvider.class)
  enum NonEmptyEnum { HEARTS, DIAMONDS, CLUBS, SPADES }

  static final class NonEmptyEnumProvider implements Provider<NonEmptyEnum> {
    @Override
    public NonEmptyEnum get() {
      return NonEmptyEnum.HEARTS;
    }
  }

  @ProvidedBy(EmptyEnumProvider.class)
  enum EmptyEnum {}

  static final class EmptyEnumProvider implements Provider<EmptyEnum> {
    @Override
    public EmptyEnum get() {
      return null;
    }
  }

  // An enum cannot be implemented by anything, so it should not be possible to have a successful
  // binding when the enum is annotated with @ImplementedBy.
  public void testImplementedByEnum() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    try {
      injector.getInstance(EnumWithImplementedBy.class);
      fail("Expected failure");
    } catch(ConfigurationException expected) {
      Message msg = Iterables.getOnlyElement(expected.getErrorMessages());
      Asserts.assertContains(msg.getMessage(),
          "No implementation for " + EnumWithImplementedBy.class.getName() + " was bound.");
    }
  }

  @ImplementedBy(EnumWithImplementedByEnum.class)
  enum EnumWithImplementedBy {}
  private static class EnumWithImplementedByEnum {}

  public void testImplicitJdkBindings() {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector();
    // String has a public nullary constructor, so Guice will call it.
    assertEquals("", injector.getInstance(String.class));
    // InetAddress has a package private constructor.  We probably shouldn't be calling it :(
    assertNotNull(injector.getInstance(java.net.InetAddress.class));
  }
}

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