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Java example source code file (MiniGuice.java)

This example Java source code file (MiniGuice.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

annotation, class, constructor, illegalargumentexception, key, map, miniguice, object, override, parameterizedtype, provider, providertype, reflection, requiredkey, type, uninitialized, util

The MiniGuice.java Java example source code

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2010 Google Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.google.inject.mini;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.inject.Provider;

/**
 * Proof of concept. A tiny injector suitable for tiny applications.
 *
 * @author jessewilson@google.com (Jesse Wilson)
 * @since 3.0
 */
public final class MiniGuice {
  private static final Object UNINITIALIZED = new Object();
  private MiniGuice() {}

  private final Map<Key, Provider bindings = new HashMap>();
  private final Queue<RequiredKey> requiredKeys = new ArrayDeque();
  private final Set<Key> singletons = new HashSet();

  /**
   * Creates an injector defined by {@code modules} and immediately uses it to
   * create an instance of {@code type}. The modules can be of any type, and
   * must contain {@code @Provides} methods.
   *
   * <p>The following injection features are supported:
   * <ul>
   *   <li>Field injection. A class may have any number of field injections, and
   *       fields may be of any visibility. Static fields will be injected each
   *       time an instance is injected.
   *   <li>Constructor injection. A class may have a single {@code
   *       @Inject}-annotated constructor. Classes that have fields injected
   *       may omit the {@link @Inject} annotation if they have a public
   *       no-arguments constructor.
   *   <li>Injection of {@code @Provides} method parameters.
   *   <li>{@code @Provides} methods annotated {@code @Singleton}.
   *   <li>Constructor-injected classes annotated {@code @Singleton}.
   *   <li>Injection of {@link Provider}s.
   *   <li>Binding annotations on injected parameters and fields.
   *   <li>Guice annotations.
   *   <li>JSR 330 annotations.
   *   <li>Eager loading of singletons.
   * </ul>
   *
   * <p>Note that method injection is not supported.
   */
  public static <T> T inject(Class type, Object... modules) {
    Key key = new Key(type, null);
    MiniGuice miniGuice = new MiniGuice();
    for (Object module : modules) {
      miniGuice.install(module);
    }
    miniGuice.requireKey(key, "root injection");
    miniGuice.addJitBindings();
    miniGuice.addProviderBindings();
    miniGuice.eagerlyLoadSingletons();
    Provider<?> provider = miniGuice.bindings.get(key);
    return type.cast(provider.get());
  }

  private void addProviderBindings() {
    Map<Key, Provider providerBindings = new HashMap>();
    for (final Map.Entry<Key, Provider binding : bindings.entrySet()) {
      Key key = binding.getKey();
      final Provider<?> value = binding.getValue();
      Provider<Provider providerProvider = new Provider>() {
        public Provider<?> get() {
          return value;
        }
      };
      providerBindings.put(new Key(new ProviderType(javax.inject.Provider.class, key.type),
          key.annotation), providerProvider);
    }
    bindings.putAll(providerBindings);
  }

  private void requireKey(Key key, Object requiredBy) {
    if (key.type instanceof ParameterizedType
        && (((ParameterizedType) key.type).getRawType() == Provider.class
        || ((ParameterizedType) key.type).getRawType() == javax.inject.Provider.class)) {
      Type type = ((ParameterizedType) key.type).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
      key = new Key(type, key.annotation);
    }

    requiredKeys.add(new RequiredKey(key, requiredBy));
  }

  private void eagerlyLoadSingletons() {
    for (Key key : singletons) {
      Provider<?> provider = bindings.get(key);
      final Object onlyInstance = provider.get();
      bindings.put(key, new Provider<Object>() {
        public Object get() {
          return onlyInstance;
        }
      });
    }
  }

  public void install(Object module) {
    boolean hasProvidesMethods = false;
    for (Class<?> c = module.getClass(); c != Object.class; c = c.getSuperclass()) {
      for (Method method : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
        if (method.isAnnotationPresent(com.google.inject.Provides.class)) {
          Key key = key(method, method.getGenericReturnType(), method.getAnnotations());
          addProviderMethodBinding(key, module, method);
          hasProvidesMethods = true;
        }
      }
    }
    if (!hasProvidesMethods) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("No @Provides methods on " + module);
    }
  }

  private void addProviderMethodBinding(Key key, final Object instance, final Method method) {
    final Key[] parameterKeys = parametersToKeys(
        method, method.getGenericParameterTypes(), method.getParameterAnnotations());
    method.setAccessible(true);
    final Provider<Object> unscoped = new Provider() {
      public Object get() {
        Object[] parameters = keysToValues(parameterKeys);
        try {
          return method.invoke(instance, parameters);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException(e.getCause());
        }
      }
    };

    boolean singleton = method.isAnnotationPresent(javax.inject.Singleton.class);
    putBinding(key, unscoped, singleton);
  }

  private void addJitBindings() {
    RequiredKey requiredKey;
    while ((requiredKey = requiredKeys.poll()) != null) {
      Key key = requiredKey.key;
      if (bindings.containsKey(key)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (!(key.type instanceof Class) || key.annotation != null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No binding for " + key);
      }
      addJitBinding(key, requiredKey.requiredBy);
    }
  }

  private void addJitBinding(Key key, Object requiredBy) {
    Class<?> type = (Class) key.type;

    /*
     * Lookup the injectable fields and their corresponding keys.
     */
    final List<Field> injectedFields = new ArrayList();
    List<Object> fieldKeysList = new ArrayList();
    for (Class<?> c = type; c != Object.class; c = c.getSuperclass()) {
      for (Field field : c.getDeclaredFields()) {
        if (!field.isAnnotationPresent(javax.inject.Inject.class)) {
          continue;
        }
        field.setAccessible(true);
        injectedFields.add(field);
        Key fieldKey = key(field, field.getGenericType(), field.getAnnotations());
        fieldKeysList.add(fieldKey);
        requireKey(fieldKey, field);
      }
    }
    final Key[] fieldKeys = fieldKeysList.toArray(new Key[fieldKeysList.size()]);

    /*
     * Lookup @Inject-annotated constructors. If there's no @Inject-annotated
     * constructor, use a default constructor if the class has other injections.
     */
    Constructor<?> injectedConstructor = null;
    for (Constructor<?> constructor : type.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (!constructor.isAnnotationPresent(javax.inject.Inject.class)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (injectedConstructor != null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many injectable constructors on " + type);
      }
      constructor.setAccessible(true);
      injectedConstructor = constructor;
    }
    if (injectedConstructor == null) {
      if (fieldKeys.length == 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No injectable constructor on "
            + type + " required by " + requiredBy);
      }
      try {
        injectedConstructor = type.getConstructor();
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No injectable constructor on "
            + type + " required by " + requiredBy);
      }
    }

    /*
     * Create a provider that invokes the constructor and sets its fields.
     */
    final Constructor<?> constructor = injectedConstructor;
    final Key[] parameterKeys = parametersToKeys(
        constructor, constructor.getGenericParameterTypes(), constructor.getParameterAnnotations());
    final Provider<Object> unscoped = new Provider() {
      public Object get() {
        Object[] constructorParameters = keysToValues(parameterKeys);
        try {
          Object result = constructor.newInstance(constructorParameters);
          Object[] fieldValues = keysToValues(fieldKeys);
          for (int i = 0; i < fieldValues.length; i++) {
            injectedFields.get(i).set(result, fieldValues[i]);
          }
          return result;
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException(e.getCause());
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException(e.getCause());
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
      }
    };

    boolean singleton = type.isAnnotationPresent(javax.inject.Singleton.class);
    putBinding(new Key(type, null), unscoped, singleton);
  }

  private void putBinding(Key key, Provider<Object> provider, boolean singleton) {
    if (singleton) {
      singletons.add(key);
      final Provider<Object> unscoped = provider;
      provider = new Provider<Object>() {
        private Object onlyInstance = UNINITIALIZED;
        public Object get() {
          if (onlyInstance == UNINITIALIZED) {
            onlyInstance = unscoped.get();
          }
          return onlyInstance;
        }
      };
    }

    if (bindings.put(key, provider) != null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Duplicate binding " + key);
    }
  }

  private Object[] keysToValues(Key[] parameterKeys) {
    Object[] parameters = new Object[parameterKeys.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < parameterKeys.length; i++) {
      parameters[i] = bindings.get(parameterKeys[i]).get();
    }
    return parameters;
  }

  private Key[] parametersToKeys(Member member, Type[] types, Annotation[][] annotations) {
    final Key[] parameterKeys = new Key[types.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < parameterKeys.length; i++) {
      String name = member + " parameter " + i;
      parameterKeys[i] = key(name, types[i], annotations[i]);
      requireKey(parameterKeys[i], name);
    }
    return parameterKeys;
  }

  public Key key(Object subject, Type type, Annotation[] annotations) {
    Annotation bindingAnnotation = null;
    for (Annotation a : annotations) {
      if (!a.annotationType().isAnnotationPresent(javax.inject.Qualifier.class)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (bindingAnnotation != null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many binding annotations on " + subject);
      }
      bindingAnnotation = a;
    }
    return new Key(type, bindingAnnotation);
  }

  private static boolean equal(Object a, Object b) {
    return a == null ? b == null : a.equals(b);
  }

  private static final class Key {
    final Type type;
    final Annotation annotation;

    Key(Type type, Annotation annotation) {
      this.type = type;
      this.annotation = annotation;
    }

    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
      return o instanceof Key
          && ((Key) o).type.equals(type)
          && equal(annotation, ((Key) o).annotation);
    }

    @Override public int hashCode() {
      int result = type.hashCode();
      if (annotation != null) {
        result += (37 * annotation.hashCode());
      }
      return result;
    }

    @Override public String toString() {
      return "key[type=" + type + ",annotation=" + annotation + "]";
    }
  }

  private class RequiredKey {
    private final Key key;
    private final Object requiredBy;

    private RequiredKey(Key key, Object requiredBy) {
      this.key = key;
      this.requiredBy = requiredBy;
    }
  }

  private static final class ProviderType implements ParameterizedType {
    private final Class<?> rawType;
    private final Type typeArgument;

    public ProviderType(Class<?> rawType, Type typeArgument) {
      this.rawType = rawType;
      this.typeArgument = typeArgument;
    }

    public Type getRawType() {
      return rawType;
    }

    public Type[] getActualTypeArguments() {
      return new Type[] { typeArgument };
    }

    public Type getOwnerType() {
      return null;
    }

    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o instanceof ParameterizedType) {
        ParameterizedType that = (ParameterizedType) o;
        return Arrays.equals(getActualTypeArguments(), that.getActualTypeArguments())
            && that.getRawType() == rawType;
      }
      return false;
    }

    @Override public int hashCode() {
      return Arrays.hashCode(getActualTypeArguments()) ^ rawType.hashCode();
    }
  }
}




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