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Java example source code file (LocalDate.java)

This example Java source code file (LocalDate.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

chronology, datemidnight, datetime, datetimefield, datetimefieldtype, datetimezone, deprecated, field, illegalargumentexception, interval, localdate, property, string, the, util

The LocalDate.java Java example source code

/*
 *  Copyright 2001-2013 Stephen Colebourne
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */
package org.joda.time;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TimeZone;

import org.joda.convert.FromString;
import org.joda.convert.ToString;
import org.joda.time.base.BaseLocal;
import org.joda.time.chrono.ISOChronology;
import org.joda.time.convert.ConverterManager;
import org.joda.time.convert.PartialConverter;
import org.joda.time.field.AbstractReadableInstantFieldProperty;
import org.joda.time.field.FieldUtils;
import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat;
import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import org.joda.time.format.ISODateTimeFormat;

/**
 * LocalDate is an immutable datetime class representing a date
 * without a time zone.
 * <p>
 * LocalDate implements the {@link ReadablePartial} interface.
 * To do this, the interface methods focus on the key fields -
 * Year, MonthOfYear and DayOfMonth.
 * However, <b>all date fields may in fact be queried.
 * <p>
 * LocalDate differs from DateMidnight in that this class does not
 * have a time zone and does not represent a single instant in time.
 * <p>
 * Calculations on LocalDate are performed using a {@link Chronology}.
 * This chronology will be set internally to be in the UTC time zone
 * for all calculations.
 *
 * <p>Each individual field can be queried in two ways:
 * <ul>
 * <li>getMonthOfYear()
 * <li>monthOfYear().get()
 * </ul>
 * The second technique also provides access to other useful methods on the
 * field:
 * <ul>
 * <li>numeric value
 * <li>text value
 * <li>short text value
 * <li>maximum/minimum values
 * <li>add/subtract
 * <li>set
 * <li>rounding
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>
 * LocalDate is thread-safe and immutable, provided that the Chronology is as well.
 * All standard Chronology classes supplied are thread-safe and immutable.
 *
 * @author Stephen Colebourne
 * @since 1.3
 */
public final class LocalDate
        extends BaseLocal
        implements ReadablePartial, Serializable {

    /** Serialization lock */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8775358157899L;

    /** The index of the year field in the field array */
    private static final int YEAR = 0;
    /** The index of the monthOfYear field in the field array */
    private static final int MONTH_OF_YEAR = 1;
    /** The index of the dayOfMonth field in the field array */
    private static final int DAY_OF_MONTH = 2;
    /** Set of known duration types. */
    private static final Set<DurationFieldType> DATE_DURATION_TYPES = new HashSet();
    static {
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.days());
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.weeks());
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.months());
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.weekyears());
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.years());
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.centuries());
        // eras are supported, although the DurationField generally isn't
        DATE_DURATION_TYPES.add(DurationFieldType.eras());
    }

    /** The local millis from 1970-01-01T00:00:00 */
    private final long iLocalMillis;
    /** The chronology to use in UTC. */
    private final Chronology iChronology;
    /** The cached hash code. */
    private transient int iHash;

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains a {@code LocalDate} set to the current system millisecond time
     * using <code>ISOChronology in the default time zone.
     * 
     * @return the current date-time, not null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    public static LocalDate now() {
        return new LocalDate();
    }

    /**
     * Obtains a {@code LocalDate} set to the current system millisecond time
     * using <code>ISOChronology in the specified time zone.
     *
     * @param zone  the time zone, not null
     * @return the current date-time, not null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    public static LocalDate now(DateTimeZone zone) {
        if (zone == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Zone must not be null");
        }
        return new LocalDate(zone);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains a {@code LocalDate} set to the current system millisecond time
     * using the specified chronology.
     *
     * @param chronology  the chronology, not null
     * @return the current date-time, not null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    public static LocalDate now(Chronology chronology) {
        if (chronology == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Chronology must not be null");
        }
        return new LocalDate(chronology);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Parses a {@code LocalDate} from the specified string.
     * <p>
     * This uses {@link ISODateTimeFormat#localDateParser()}.
     * 
     * @param str  the string to parse, not null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    @FromString
    public static LocalDate parse(String str) {
        return parse(str, ISODateTimeFormat.localDateParser());
    }

    /**
     * Parses a {@code LocalDate} from the specified string using a formatter.
     * 
     * @param str  the string to parse, not null
     * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    public static LocalDate parse(String str, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
        return formatter.parseLocalDate(str);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructs a LocalDate from a <code>java.util.Calendar
     * using exactly the same field values.
     * <p>
     * Each field is queried from the Calendar and assigned to the LocalDate.
     * This is useful if you have been using the Calendar as a local date,
     * ignoring the zone.
     * <p>
     * One advantage of this method is that this method is unaffected if the
     * version of the time zone data differs between the JDK and Joda-Time.
     * That is because the local field values are transferred, calculated using
     * the JDK time zone data and without using the Joda-Time time zone data.
     * <p>
     * This factory method ignores the type of the calendar and always
     * creates a LocalDate with ISO chronology. It is expected that you
     * will only pass in instances of <code>GregorianCalendar however
     * this is not validated.
     *
     * @param calendar  the Calendar to extract fields from, not null
     * @return the created local date, not null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the calendar is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the date is invalid for the ISO chronology
     */
    public static LocalDate fromCalendarFields(Calendar calendar) {
        if (calendar == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The calendar must not be null");
        }
        int era = calendar.get(Calendar.ERA);
        int yearOfEra = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        return new LocalDate(
            (era == GregorianCalendar.AD ? yearOfEra : 1 - yearOfEra),
            calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1,
            calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)
        );
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LocalDate from a <code>java.util.Date
     * using exactly the same field values.
     * <p>
     * Each field is queried from the Date and assigned to the LocalDate.
     * This is useful if you have been using the Date as a local date,
     * ignoring the zone.
     * <p>
     * One advantage of this method is that this method is unaffected if the
     * version of the time zone data differs between the JDK and Joda-Time.
     * That is because the local field values are transferred, calculated using
     * the JDK time zone data and without using the Joda-Time time zone data.
     * <p>
     * This factory method always creates a LocalDate with ISO chronology.
     *
     * @param date  the Date to extract fields from, not null
     * @return the created local date, not null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the calendar is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the date is invalid for the ISO chronology
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public static LocalDate fromDateFields(Date date) {
        if (date == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The date must not be null");
        }
        if (date.getTime() < 0) {
            // handle years in era BC
            GregorianCalendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
            cal.setTime(date);
            return fromCalendarFields(cal);
        }
        return new LocalDate(
            date.getYear() + 1900,
            date.getMonth() + 1,
            date.getDate()
        );
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the current local time evaluated using
     * ISO chronology in the default zone.
     * <p>
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     * 
     * @see #now()
     */
    public LocalDate() {
        this(DateTimeUtils.currentTimeMillis(), ISOChronology.getInstance());
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the current local time evaluated using
     * ISO chronology in the specified zone.
     * <p>
     * If the specified time zone is null, the default zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     *
     * @param zone  the time zone, null means default zone
     * @see #now(DateTimeZone)
     */
    public LocalDate(DateTimeZone zone) {
        this(DateTimeUtils.currentTimeMillis(), ISOChronology.getInstance(zone));
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the current local time evaluated using
     * specified chronology.
     * <p>
     * If the chronology is null, ISO chronology in the default time zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     *
     * @param chronology  the chronology, null means ISOChronology in default zone
     * @see #now(Chronology)
     */
    public LocalDate(Chronology chronology) {
        this(DateTimeUtils.currentTimeMillis(), chronology);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the local time defined by the specified
     * instant evaluated using ISO chronology in the default zone.
     * <p>
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     *
     * @param instant  the milliseconds from 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
     */
    public LocalDate(long instant) {
        this(instant, ISOChronology.getInstance());
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the local time defined by the specified
     * instant evaluated using ISO chronology in the specified zone.
     * <p>
     * If the specified time zone is null, the default zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     *
     * @param instant  the milliseconds from 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
     * @param zone  the time zone, null means default zone
     */
    public LocalDate(long instant, DateTimeZone zone) {
        this(instant, ISOChronology.getInstance(zone));
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the local time defined by the specified
     * instant evaluated using the specified chronology.
     * <p>
     * If the chronology is null, ISO chronology in the default zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     *
     * @param instant  the milliseconds from 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
     * @param chronology  the chronology, null means ISOChronology in default zone
     */
    public LocalDate(long instant, Chronology chronology) {
        chronology = DateTimeUtils.getChronology(chronology);
        
        long localMillis = chronology.getZone().getMillisKeepLocal(DateTimeZone.UTC, instant);
        chronology = chronology.withUTC();
        iLocalMillis = chronology.dayOfMonth().roundFloor(localMillis);
        iChronology = chronology;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructs an instance from an Object that represents a datetime.
     * The time zone will be retrieved from the object if possible,
     * otherwise the default time zone will be used.
     * <p>
     * If the object contains no chronology, <code>ISOChronology is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     * <p>
     * The recognised object types are defined in
     * {@link org.joda.time.convert.ConverterManager ConverterManager} and
     * include ReadablePartial, ReadableInstant, String, Calendar and Date.
     * The String formats are described by {@link ISODateTimeFormat#localDateParser()}.
     * The default String converter ignores the zone and only parses the field values.
     *
     * @param instant  the datetime object
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the instant is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate(Object instant) {
        this(instant, (Chronology) null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance from an Object that represents a datetime,
     * forcing the time zone to that specified.
     * <p>
     * If the object contains no chronology, <code>ISOChronology is used.
     * If the specified time zone is null, the default zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     * <p>
     * The recognised object types are defined in
     * {@link org.joda.time.convert.ConverterManager ConverterManager} and
     * include ReadablePartial, ReadableInstant, String, Calendar and Date.
     * The String formats are described by {@link ISODateTimeFormat#localDateParser()}.
     * The default String converter ignores the zone and only parses the field values.
     *
     * @param instant  the datetime object
     * @param zone  the time zone
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the instant is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate(Object instant, DateTimeZone zone) {
        PartialConverter converter = ConverterManager.getInstance().getPartialConverter(instant);
        Chronology chronology = converter.getChronology(instant, zone);
        chronology = DateTimeUtils.getChronology(chronology);
        iChronology = chronology.withUTC();
        int[] values = converter.getPartialValues(this, instant, chronology, ISODateTimeFormat.localDateParser());
        iLocalMillis = iChronology.getDateTimeMillis(values[0], values[1], values[2], 0);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance from an Object that represents a datetime,
     * using the specified chronology.
     * <p>
     * If the chronology is null, ISO in the default time zone is used.
     * Once the constructor is completed, the zone is no longer used.
     * If the instant contains a chronology, it will be ignored.
     * For example, passing a {@code LocalDate} and a different chronology
     * will return a date with the year/month/day from the date applied
     * unaltered to the specified chronology.
     * <p>
     * The recognised object types are defined in
     * {@link org.joda.time.convert.ConverterManager ConverterManager} and
     * include ReadablePartial, ReadableInstant, String, Calendar and Date.
     * The String formats are described by {@link ISODateTimeFormat#localDateParser()}.
     * The default String converter ignores the zone and only parses the field values.
     *
     * @param instant  the datetime object
     * @param chronology  the chronology
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the instant is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate(Object instant, Chronology chronology) {
        PartialConverter converter = ConverterManager.getInstance().getPartialConverter(instant);
        chronology = converter.getChronology(instant, chronology);
        chronology = DateTimeUtils.getChronology(chronology);
        iChronology = chronology.withUTC();
        int[] values = converter.getPartialValues(this, instant, chronology, ISODateTimeFormat.localDateParser());
        iLocalMillis = iChronology.getDateTimeMillis(values[0], values[1], values[2], 0);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the specified date and time
     * using <code>ISOChronology.
     *
     * @param year  the year
     * @param monthOfYear  the month of the year, from 1 to 12
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day of the month, from 1 to 31
     */
    public LocalDate(
            int year,
            int monthOfYear,
            int dayOfMonth) {
        this(year, monthOfYear, dayOfMonth, ISOChronology.getInstanceUTC());
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance set to the specified date and time
     * using the specified chronology, whose zone is ignored.
     * <p>
     * If the chronology is null, <code>ISOChronology is used.
     *
     * @param year  the year, valid values defined by the chronology
     * @param monthOfYear  the month of the year, valid values defined by the chronology
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day of the month, valid values defined by the chronology
     * @param chronology  the chronology, null means ISOChronology in default zone
     */
    public LocalDate(
            int year,
            int monthOfYear,
            int dayOfMonth,
            Chronology chronology) {
        super();
        chronology = DateTimeUtils.getChronology(chronology).withUTC();
        long instant = chronology.getDateTimeMillis(year, monthOfYear, dayOfMonth, 0);
        iChronology = chronology;
        iLocalMillis = instant;
    }

    /**
     * Handle broken serialization from other tools.
     * @return the resolved object, not null
     */
    private Object readResolve() {
        if (iChronology == null) {
            return new LocalDate(iLocalMillis, ISOChronology.getInstanceUTC());
        }
        if (DateTimeZone.UTC.equals(iChronology.getZone()) == false) {
            return new LocalDate(iLocalMillis, iChronology.withUTC());
        }
        return this;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Gets the number of fields in this partial, which is three.
     * The supported fields are Year, MonthOfYear and DayOfMonth.
     * Note that all fields from day and above may in fact be queried via
     * other methods.
     *
     * @return the field count, three
     */
    public int size() {
        return 3;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the field for a specific index in the chronology specified.
     * <p>
     * This method must not use any instance variables.
     *
     * @param index  the index to retrieve
     * @param chrono  the chronology to use
     * @return the field
     */
    protected DateTimeField getField(int index, Chronology chrono) {
        switch (index) {
            case YEAR:
                return chrono.year();
            case MONTH_OF_YEAR:
                return chrono.monthOfYear();
            case DAY_OF_MONTH:
                return chrono.dayOfMonth();
            default:
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Invalid index: " + index);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the field at the specifed index.
     * <p>
     * This method is required to support the <code>ReadablePartial
     * interface. The supported fields are Year, MonthOfYear and DayOfMonth.
     * Note that all fields from day and above may in fact be queried via
     * other methods.
     *
     * @param index  the index, zero to two
     * @return the value
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is invalid
     */
    public int getValue(int index) {
        switch (index) {
            case YEAR:
                return getChronology().year().get(getLocalMillis());
            case MONTH_OF_YEAR:
                return getChronology().monthOfYear().get(getLocalMillis());
            case DAY_OF_MONTH:
                return getChronology().dayOfMonth().get(getLocalMillis());
            default:
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Invalid index: " + index);
        }
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Get the value of one of the fields of a datetime.
     * <p>
     * This method gets the value of the specified field.
     * For example:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate dt = LocalDate.nowDefaultZone();
     * int year = dt.get(DateTimeFieldType.year());
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param fieldType  a field type, usually obtained from DateTimeFieldType, not null
     * @return the value of that field
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field type is null or unsupported
     */
    public int get(DateTimeFieldType fieldType) {
        if (fieldType == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The DateTimeFieldType must not be null");
        }
        if (isSupported(fieldType) == false) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field '" + fieldType + "' is not supported");
        }
        return fieldType.getField(getChronology()).get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the field type specified is supported by this
     * local date and chronology.
     * This can be used to avoid exceptions in {@link #get(DateTimeFieldType)}.
     *
     * @param type  a field type, usually obtained from DateTimeFieldType
     * @return true if the field type is supported
     */
    public boolean isSupported(DateTimeFieldType type) {
        if (type == null) {
            return false;
        }
        DurationFieldType durType = type.getDurationType();
        if (DATE_DURATION_TYPES.contains(durType) ||
                durType.getField(getChronology()).getUnitMillis() >=
                    getChronology().days().getUnitMillis()) {
            return type.getField(getChronology()).isSupported();
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the duration type specified is supported by this
     * local date and chronology.
     *
     * @param type  a duration type, usually obtained from DurationFieldType
     * @return true if the field type is supported
     */
    public boolean isSupported(DurationFieldType type) {
        if (type == null) {
            return false;
        }
        DurationField field = type.getField(getChronology());
        if (DATE_DURATION_TYPES.contains(type) ||
            field.getUnitMillis() >= getChronology().days().getUnitMillis()) {
            return field.isSupported();
        }
        return false;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Gets the local milliseconds from the Java epoch
     * of 1970-01-01T00:00:00 (not fixed to any specific time zone).
     * 
     * @return the number of milliseconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00
     * @since 1.5 (previously private)
     */
    protected long getLocalMillis() {
        return iLocalMillis;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the chronology of the date.
     * 
     * @return the Chronology that the date is using
     */
    public Chronology getChronology() {
        return iChronology;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Compares this ReadablePartial with another returning true if the chronology,
     * field types and values are equal.
     *
     * @param partial  an object to check against
     * @return true if fields and values are equal
     */
    public boolean equals(Object partial) {
        // override to perform faster
        if (this == partial) {
            return true;
        }
        if (partial instanceof LocalDate) {
            LocalDate other = (LocalDate) partial;
            if (iChronology.equals(other.iChronology)) {
                return iLocalMillis == other.iLocalMillis;
            }
        }
        return super.equals(partial);
    }

    /**
     * Gets a hash code for the instant as defined in <code>ReadablePartial.
     *
     * @return a suitable hash code
     */
    public int hashCode() {
        // override for performance
        int hash = iHash;
        if (hash == 0) {
            hash = iHash = super.hashCode();
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Compares this partial with another returning an integer
     * indicating the order.
     * <p>
     * The fields are compared in order, from largest to smallest.
     * The first field that is non-equal is used to determine the result.
     * <p>
     * The specified object must be a partial instance whose field types
     * match those of this partial.
     *
     * @param partial  an object to check against
     * @return negative if this is less, zero if equal, positive if greater
     * @throws ClassCastException if the partial is the wrong class
     *  or if it has field types that don't match
     * @throws NullPointerException if the partial is null
     */
    public int compareTo(ReadablePartial partial) {
        // override to perform faster
        if (this == partial) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (partial instanceof LocalDate) {
            LocalDate other = (LocalDate) partial;
            if (iChronology.equals(other.iChronology)) {
                return (iLocalMillis < other.iLocalMillis ? -1 :
                            (iLocalMillis == other.iLocalMillis ? 0 : 1));

            }
        }
        return super.compareTo(partial);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime at the earliest valid time
     * for the date using the default time zone.
     * <p>
     * The time will normally be midnight, as that is the earliest time on
     * any given day. However, in some time zones when Daylight Savings Time
     * starts, there is no midnight because time jumps from 11:59 to 01:00.
     * This method handles that situation by returning 01:00 on that date.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * 
     * @return this date as a datetime at the start of the day
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtStartOfDay() {
        return toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime at the earliest valid time
     * for the date using the specified time zone.
     * <p>
     * The time will normally be midnight, as that is the earliest time on
     * any given day. However, in some time zones when Daylight Savings Time
     * starts, there is no midnight because time jumps from 11:59 to 01:00.
     * This method handles that situation by returning 01:00 on that date.
     * <p>
     * This method uses the chronology from this instance plus the time zone
     * specified.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone to use, null means default zone
     * @return this date as a datetime at the start of the day
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(DateTimeZone zone) {
        zone = DateTimeUtils.getZone(zone);
        Chronology chrono = getChronology().withZone(zone);
        long localMillis = getLocalMillis() + 6L * DateTimeConstants.MILLIS_PER_HOUR;
        long instant = zone.convertLocalToUTC(localMillis, false);
        instant = chrono.dayOfMonth().roundFloor(instant);
        return new DateTime(instant, chrono);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime at midnight using the default
     * time zone.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the default time zone switches
     * to Daylight Savings Time at midnight and this LocalDate represents
     * that switchover date. The problem is that there is no such time as
     * midnight on the required date, and as such an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * 
     * @return this date as a datetime at midnight
     * @deprecated Use {@link #toDateTimeAtStartOfDay()} which won't throw an exception
     */
    @Deprecated
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtMidnight() {
        return toDateTimeAtMidnight(null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime at midnight using the
     * specified time zone.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the time zone switches
     * to Daylight Savings Time at midnight and this LocalDate represents
     * that switchover date. The problem is that there is no such time as
     * midnight on the required date, and as such an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This method uses the chronology from this instance plus the time zone
     * specified.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone to use, null means default zone
     * @return this date as a datetime at midnight
     * @deprecated Use {@link #toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(DateTimeZone)} which won't throw an exception
     */
    @Deprecated
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtMidnight(DateTimeZone zone) {
        zone = DateTimeUtils.getZone(zone);
        Chronology chrono = getChronology().withZone(zone);
        return new DateTime(getYear(), getMonthOfYear(), getDayOfMonth(), 0, 0, 0, 0, chrono);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime using the default time zone
     * setting the date fields from this instance and the time fields from
     * the current time.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the datetime that would be
     * created does not exist when the time zone is taken into account.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @return this date as a datetime with the time as the current time
     */
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtCurrentTime() {
        return toDateTimeAtCurrentTime(null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a full datetime using the specified time zone
     * setting the date fields from this instance and the time fields from
     * the current time.
     * <p>
     * This method uses the chronology from this instance plus the time zone
     * specified.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the datetime that would be
     * created does not exist when the time zone is taken into account.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone to use, null means default zone
     * @return this date as a datetime with the time as the current time
     */
    public DateTime toDateTimeAtCurrentTime(DateTimeZone zone) {
        zone = DateTimeUtils.getZone(zone);
        Chronology chrono = getChronology().withZone(zone);
        long instantMillis = DateTimeUtils.currentTimeMillis();
        long resolved = chrono.set(this, instantMillis);
        return new DateTime(resolved, chrono);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a DateMidnight in the default time zone.
     * <p>
     * As from v1.5, you are recommended to avoid DateMidnight and use
     * {@link #toDateTimeAtStartOfDay()} instead because of the exception
     * detailed below.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the default time zone switches
     * to Daylight Savings Time at midnight and this LocalDate represents
     * that switchover date. The problem is that there is no such time as
     * midnight on the required date, and as such an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @return the DateMidnight instance in the default zone
     * @deprecated DateMidnight is deprecated
     */
    @Deprecated
    public DateMidnight toDateMidnight() {
        return toDateMidnight(null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this LocalDate to a DateMidnight.
     * <p>
     * As from v1.5, you are recommended to avoid DateMidnight and use
     * {@link #toDateTimeAtStartOfDay()} instead because of the exception
     * detailed below.
     * <p>
     * This method will throw an exception if the time zone switches
     * to Daylight Savings Time at midnight and this LocalDate represents
     * that switchover date. The problem is that there is no such time as
     * midnight on the required date, and as such an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone to get the DateMidnight in, null means default zone
     * @return the DateMidnight instance
     * @deprecated DateMidnight is deprecated
     */
    @Deprecated
    public DateMidnight toDateMidnight(DateTimeZone zone) {
        zone = DateTimeUtils.getZone(zone);
        Chronology chrono = getChronology().withZone(zone);
        return new DateMidnight(getYear(), getMonthOfYear(), getDayOfMonth(), chrono);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this object to a LocalDateTime using a LocalTime to fill in
     * the missing fields.
     * <p>
     * The resulting chronology is determined by the chronology of this
     * LocalDate. The chronology of the time must also match.
     * If the time is null an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param time  the time of day to use, must not be null
     * @return the LocalDateTime instance
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the time is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the chronology of the time does not match
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public LocalDateTime toLocalDateTime(LocalTime time) {
        if (time == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The time must not be null");
        }
        if (getChronology() != time.getChronology()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The chronology of the time does not match");
        }
        long localMillis = getLocalMillis() + time.getLocalMillis();
        return new LocalDateTime(localMillis, getChronology());
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this object to a DateTime using a LocalTime to fill in the
     * missing fields and using the default time zone.
     * <p>
     * The resulting chronology is determined by the chronology of this
     * LocalDate. The chronology of the time must match.
     * <p>
     * If the time is null, this method delegates to {@link #toDateTimeAtCurrentTime(DateTimeZone)}
     * and the following documentation does not apply.
     * <p>
     * When the time zone is applied, the local date-time may be affected by daylight saving.
     * In a daylight saving gap, when the local time does not exist,
     * this method will throw an exception.
     * In a daylight saving overlap, when the same local time occurs twice,
     * this method returns the first occurrence of the local time.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param time  the time of day to use, null uses current time
     * @return the DateTime instance
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the chronology of the time does not match
     * @throws IllegalInstantException if the local time does not exist when the time zone is applied
     */
    public DateTime toDateTime(LocalTime time) {
        return toDateTime(time, null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this object to a DateTime using a LocalTime to fill in the
     * missing fields.
     * <p>
     * The resulting chronology is determined by the chronology of this
     * LocalDate plus the time zone. The chronology of the time must match.
     * <p>
     * If the time is null, this method delegates to {@link #toDateTimeAtCurrentTime(DateTimeZone)}
     * and the following documentation does not apply.
     * <p>
     * When the time zone is applied, the local date-time may be affected by daylight saving.
     * In a daylight saving gap, when the local time does not exist,
     * this method will throw an exception.
     * In a daylight saving overlap, when the same local time occurs twice,
     * this method returns the first occurrence of the local time.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param time  the time of day to use, null uses current time
     * @param zone  the zone to get the DateTime in, null means default
     * @return the DateTime instance
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the chronology of the time does not match
     * @throws IllegalInstantException if the local time does not exist when the time zone is applied
     */
    public DateTime toDateTime(LocalTime time, DateTimeZone zone) {
        if (time == null) {
            return toDateTimeAtCurrentTime(zone);
        }
        if (getChronology() != time.getChronology()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The chronology of the time does not match");
        }
        Chronology chrono = getChronology().withZone(zone);
        return new DateTime(
                        getYear(), getMonthOfYear(), getDayOfMonth(),
                        time.getHourOfDay(), time.getMinuteOfHour(),
                        time.getSecondOfMinute(), time.getMillisOfSecond(), chrono);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Converts this object to an Interval representing the whole day
     * in the default time zone.
     * <p>
     * The interval may have more or less than 24 hours if this is a daylight
     * savings cutover date.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @return a interval over the day
     */
    public Interval toInterval() {
        return toInterval(null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts this object to an Interval representing the whole day.
     * <p>
     * The interval may have more or less than 24 hours if this is a daylight
     * savings cutover date.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone to get the Interval in, null means default
     * @return a interval over the day
     */
    public Interval toInterval(DateTimeZone zone) {
        zone = DateTimeUtils.getZone(zone);
        DateTime start = toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(zone);
        DateTime end = plusDays(1).toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(zone);
        return new Interval(start, end);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Get the date time as a <code>java.util.Date.
     * <p>
     * The <code>Date object created has exactly the same year, month and day
     * as this date. The time will be set to the earliest valid time for that date.
     * <p>
     * Converting to a JDK Date is full of complications as the JDK Date constructor
     * doesn't behave as you might expect around DST transitions. This method works
     * by taking a first guess and then adjusting the JDK date until it has the
     * earliest valid instant. This also handles the situation where the JDK time
     * zone data differs from the Joda-Time time zone data.
     *
     * @return a Date initialised with this date, never null
     * @since 2.0
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public Date toDate() {
        int dom = getDayOfMonth();
        Date date = new Date(getYear() - 1900, getMonthOfYear() - 1, dom);
        LocalDate check = LocalDate.fromDateFields(date);
        if (check.isBefore(this)) {
            // DST gap (no midnight)
            // move forward in units of one hour until date correct
            while (check.equals(this) == false) {
                date.setTime(date.getTime() + 3600000);
                check = LocalDate.fromDateFields(date);
            }
            // move back in units of one second until date wrong
            while (date.getDate() == dom) {
                date.setTime(date.getTime() - 1000);
            }
            // fix result
            date.setTime(date.getTime() + 1000);
        } else if (check.equals(this)) {
            // check for DST overlap (two midnights)
            Date earlier = new Date(date.getTime() - TimeZone.getDefault().getDSTSavings());
            if (earlier.getDate() == dom) {
                date = earlier;
            }
        }
        return date;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with different local millis.
     * <p>
     * The returned object will be a new instance of the same type.
     * Only the millis will change, the chronology is kept.
     * The returned object will be either be a new instance or <code>this.
     *
     * @param newMillis  the new millis, from 1970-01-01T00:00:00
     * @return a copy of this date with different millis
     */
    LocalDate withLocalMillis(long newMillis) {
        newMillis = iChronology.dayOfMonth().roundFloor(newMillis);
        return (newMillis == getLocalMillis() ? this : new LocalDate(newMillis, getChronology()));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the partial set of fields replacing
     * those from this instance.
     * <p>
     * For example, if the partial contains a year and a month then those two
     * fields will be changed in the returned instance.
     * Unsupported fields are ignored.
     * If the partial is null, then <code>this is returned.
     *
     * @param partial  the partial set of fields to apply to this date, null ignored
     * @return a copy of this date with a different set of fields
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withFields(ReadablePartial partial) {
        if (partial == null) {
            return this;
        }
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().set(partial, getLocalMillis()));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the specified field set to a new value.
     * <p>
     * For example, if the field type is <code>monthOfYear then the
     * month of year field will be changed in the returned instance.
     * If the field type is null, then <code>this is returned.
     * <p>
     * These two lines are equivalent:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate updated = dt.withDayOfMonth(6);
     * LocalDate updated = dt.withField(DateTimeFieldType.dayOfMonth(), 6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param fieldType  the field type to set, not null
     * @param value  the value to set
     * @return a copy of this date with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is null or unsupported
     */
    public LocalDate withField(DateTimeFieldType fieldType, int value) {
        if (fieldType == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field must not be null");
        }
        if (isSupported(fieldType) == false) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field '" + fieldType + "' is not supported");
        }
        long instant = fieldType.getField(getChronology()).set(getLocalMillis(), value);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the value of the specified field increased.
     * <p>
     * If the addition is zero or the field is null, then <code>this is returned.
     * <p>
     * These three lines are equivalent:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate added = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.years(), 6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plusYears(6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plus(Period.years(6));
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param fieldType  the field type to add to, not null
     * @param amount  the amount to add
     * @return a copy of this date with the field updated
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is null or unsupported
     * @throws ArithmeticException if the result exceeds the internal capacity
     */
    public LocalDate withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType fieldType, int amount) {
        if (fieldType == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field must not be null");
        }
        if (isSupported(fieldType) == false) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field '" + fieldType + "' is not supported");
        }
        if (amount == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = fieldType.getField(getChronology()).add(getLocalMillis(), amount);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the specified period added.
     * <p>
     * If the addition is zero, then <code>this is returned.
     * <p>
     * This method is typically used to add multiple copies of complex
     * period instances. Adding one field is best achieved using methods
     * like {@link #withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType, int)}
     * or {@link #plusYears(int)}.
     * <p>
     * Unsupported time fields are ignored, thus adding a period of 24 hours
     * will not have any effect.
     *
     * @param period  the period to add to this one, null means zero
     * @param scalar  the amount of times to add, such as -1 to subtract once
     * @return a copy of this date with the period added
     * @throws ArithmeticException if the result exceeds the internal capacity
     */
    public LocalDate withPeriodAdded(ReadablePeriod period, int scalar) {
        if (period == null || scalar == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getLocalMillis();
        Chronology chrono = getChronology();
        for (int i = 0; i < period.size(); i++) {
            long value = FieldUtils.safeMultiply(period.getValue(i), scalar);
            DurationFieldType type = period.getFieldType(i);
            if (isSupported(type)) {
                instant = type.getField(chrono).add(instant, value);
            }
        }
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the specified period added.
     * <p>
     * If the amount is zero or null, then <code>this is returned.
     * <p>
     * This method is typically used to add complex period instances.
     * Adding one field is best achieved using methods
     * like {@link #plusYears(int)}.
     * <p>
     * Unsupported time fields are ignored, thus adding a period of 24 hours
     * will not have any effect.
     *
     * @param period  the period to add to this one, null means zero
     * @return a copy of this date with the period added
     * @throws ArithmeticException if the result exceeds the internal capacity
     */
    public LocalDate plus(ReadablePeriod period) {
        return withPeriodAdded(period, 1);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date plus the specified number of years.
     * <p>
     * This adds the specified number of years to the date.
     * If adding years makes the day-of-month invalid, it is adjusted to the last valid day in the month.
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate added = dt.plusYears(6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plus(Period.years(6));
     * LocalDate added = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.years(), 6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param years  the amount of years to add, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate plus the increased years
     */
    public LocalDate plusYears(int years) {
        if (years == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().years().add(getLocalMillis(), years);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date plus the specified number of months.
     * <p>
     * This adds the specified number of months to the date.
     * The addition may change the year, but the day-of-month is normally unchanged.
     * If adding months makes the day-of-month invalid, it is adjusted to the last valid day in the month.
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate added = dt.plusMonths(6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plus(Period.months(6));
     * LocalDate added = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.months(), 6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param months  the amount of months to add, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate plus the increased months
     */
    public LocalDate plusMonths(int months) {
        if (months == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().months().add(getLocalMillis(), months);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date plus the specified number of weeks.
     * <p>
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate added = dt.plusWeeks(6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plus(Period.weeks(6));
     * LocalDate added = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.weeks(), 6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param weeks  the amount of weeks to add, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate plus the increased weeks
     */
    public LocalDate plusWeeks(int weeks) {
        if (weeks == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().weeks().add(getLocalMillis(), weeks);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date plus the specified number of days.
     * <p>
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate added = dt.plusDays(6);
     * LocalDate added = dt.plus(Period.days(6));
     * LocalDate added = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.days(), 6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param days  the amount of days to add, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate plus the increased days
     */
    public LocalDate plusDays(int days) {
        if (days == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().days().add(getLocalMillis(), days);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the specified period taken away.
     * <p>
     * If the amount is zero or null, then <code>this is returned.
     * <p>
     * This method is typically used to subtract complex period instances.
     * Subtracting one field is best achieved using methods
     * like {@link #minusYears(int)}.
     * <p>
     * Unsupported time fields are ignored, thus subtracting a period of 24 hours
     * will not have any effect.
     *
     * @param period  the period to reduce this instant by
     * @return a copy of this LocalDate with the period taken away
     * @throws ArithmeticException if the result exceeds the internal capacity
     */
    public LocalDate minus(ReadablePeriod period) {
        return withPeriodAdded(period, -1);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date minus the specified number of years.
     * <p>
     * This subtracts the specified number of years from the date.
     * If subtracting years makes the day-of-month invalid, it is adjusted to the last valid day in the month.
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minusYears(6);
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minus(Period.years(6));
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.years(), -6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param years  the amount of years to subtract, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate minus the increased years
     */
    public LocalDate minusYears(int years) {
        if (years == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().years().subtract(getLocalMillis(), years);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date minus the specified number of months.
     * <p>
     * This subtracts the specified number of months from the date.
     * The subtraction may change the year, but the day-of-month is normally unchanged.
     * If subtracting months makes the day-of-month invalid, it is adjusted to the last valid day in the month.
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minusMonths(6);
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minus(Period.months(6));
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.months(), -6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param months  the amount of months to subtract, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate minus the increased months
     */
    public LocalDate minusMonths(int months) {
        if (months == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().months().subtract(getLocalMillis(), months);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date minus the specified number of weeks.
     * <p>
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minusWeeks(6);
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minus(Period.weeks(6));
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.weeks(), -6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param weeks  the amount of weeks to subtract, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate minus the increased weeks
     */
    public LocalDate minusWeeks(int weeks) {
        if (weeks == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().weeks().subtract(getLocalMillis(), weeks);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date minus the specified number of days.
     * <p>
     * This LocalDate instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     * <p>
     * The following three lines are identical in effect:
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minusDays(6);
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.minus(Period.days(6));
     * LocalDate subtracted = dt.withFieldAdded(DurationFieldType.days(), -6);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param days  the amount of days to subtract, may be negative
     * @return the new LocalDate minus the increased days
     */
    public LocalDate minusDays(int days) {
        if (days == 0) {
            return this;
        }
        long instant = getChronology().days().subtract(getLocalMillis(), days);
        return withLocalMillis(instant);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Gets the property object for the specified type, which contains many
     * useful methods.
     *
     * @param fieldType  the field type to get the chronology for
     * @return the property object
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is null or unsupported
     */
    public Property property(DateTimeFieldType fieldType) {
        if (fieldType == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The DateTimeFieldType must not be null");
        }
        if (isSupported(fieldType) == false) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field '" + fieldType + "' is not supported");
        }
        return new Property(this, fieldType.getField(getChronology()));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Get the era field value.
     *
     * @return the era
     */
    public int getEra() {
        return getChronology().era().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year of era field value.
     *
     * @return the year of era
     */
    public int getCenturyOfEra() {
        return getChronology().centuryOfEra().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year of era field value.
     *
     * @return the year of era
     */
    public int getYearOfEra() {
        return getChronology().yearOfEra().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year of century field value.
     *
     * @return the year of century
     */
    public int getYearOfCentury() {
        return getChronology().yearOfCentury().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year field value.
     *
     * @return the year
     */
    public int getYear() {
        return getChronology().year().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the weekyear field value.
     * <p>
     * The weekyear is the year that matches with the weekOfWeekyear field.
     * In the standard ISO8601 week algorithm, the first week of the year
     * is that in which at least 4 days are in the year. As a result of this
     * definition, day 1 of the first week may be in the previous year.
     * The weekyear allows you to query the effective year for that day.
     *
     * @return the weekyear
     */
    public int getWeekyear() {
        return getChronology().weekyear().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the month of year field value.
     *
     * @return the month of year
     */
    public int getMonthOfYear() {
        return getChronology().monthOfYear().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the week of weekyear field value.
     * <p>
     * This field is associated with the "weekyear" via {@link #getWeekyear()}.
     * In the standard ISO8601 week algorithm, the first week of the year
     * is that in which at least 4 days are in the year. As a result of this
     * definition, day 1 of the first week may be in the previous year.
     *
     * @return the week of a week based year
     */
    public int getWeekOfWeekyear() {
        return getChronology().weekOfWeekyear().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of year field value.
     *
     * @return the day of year
     */
    public int getDayOfYear() {
        return getChronology().dayOfYear().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of month field value.
     * <p>
     * The values for the day of month are defined in {@link org.joda.time.DateTimeConstants}.
     *
     * @return the day of month
     */
    public int getDayOfMonth() {
        return getChronology().dayOfMonth().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of week field value.
     * <p>
     * The values for the day of week are defined in {@link org.joda.time.DateTimeConstants}.
     *
     * @return the day of week
     */
    public int getDayOfWeek() {
        return getChronology().dayOfWeek().get(getLocalMillis());
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the era field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * era changed.
     *
     * @param era  the era to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withEra(int era) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().era().set(getLocalMillis(), era));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the century of era field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * century of era changed.
     *
     * @param centuryOfEra  the centurey of era to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withCenturyOfEra(int centuryOfEra) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().centuryOfEra().set(getLocalMillis(), centuryOfEra));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the year of era field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * year of era changed.
     *
     * @param yearOfEra  the year of era to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withYearOfEra(int yearOfEra) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().yearOfEra().set(getLocalMillis(), yearOfEra));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the year of century field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * year of century changed.
     *
     * @param yearOfCentury  the year of century to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withYearOfCentury(int yearOfCentury) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().yearOfCentury().set(getLocalMillis(), yearOfCentury));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the year field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * year changed.
     *
     * @param year  the year to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withYear(int year) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().year().set(getLocalMillis(), year));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the weekyear field updated.
     * <p>
     * The weekyear is the year that matches with the weekOfWeekyear field.
     * In the standard ISO8601 week algorithm, the first week of the year
     * is that in which at least 4 days are in the year. As a result of this
     * definition, day 1 of the first week may be in the previous year.
     * The weekyear allows you to query the effective year for that day.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * weekyear changed.
     *
     * @param weekyear  the weekyear to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withWeekyear(int weekyear) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().weekyear().set(getLocalMillis(), weekyear));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the month of year field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * month of year changed.
     *
     * @param monthOfYear  the month of year to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withMonthOfYear(int monthOfYear) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().monthOfYear().set(getLocalMillis(), monthOfYear));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the week of weekyear field updated.
     * <p>
     * This field is associated with the "weekyear" via {@link #withWeekyear(int)}.
     * In the standard ISO8601 week algorithm, the first week of the year
     * is that in which at least 4 days are in the year. As a result of this
     * definition, day 1 of the first week may be in the previous year.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * week of weekyear changed.
     *
     * @param weekOfWeekyear  the week of weekyear to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withWeekOfWeekyear(int weekOfWeekyear) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().weekOfWeekyear().set(getLocalMillis(), weekOfWeekyear));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the day of year field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * day of year changed.
     *
     * @param dayOfYear  the day of year to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withDayOfYear(int dayOfYear) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().dayOfYear().set(getLocalMillis(), dayOfYear));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the day of month field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * day of month changed.
     *
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day of month to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withDayOfMonth(int dayOfMonth) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().dayOfMonth().set(getLocalMillis(), dayOfMonth));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date with the day of week field updated.
     * <p>
     * LocalDate is immutable, so there are no set methods.
     * Instead, this method returns a new instance with the value of
     * day of week changed.
     *
     * @param dayOfWeek  the day of week to set
     * @return a copy of this object with the field set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDate withDayOfWeek(int dayOfWeek) {
        return withLocalMillis(getChronology().dayOfWeek().set(getLocalMillis(), dayOfWeek));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Get the era property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the era property
     */
    public Property era() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().era());
    }

    /**
     * Get the century of era property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the year of era property
     */
    public Property centuryOfEra() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().centuryOfEra());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year of century property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the year of era property
     */
    public Property yearOfCentury() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().yearOfCentury());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year of era property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the year of era property
     */
    public Property yearOfEra() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().yearOfEra());
    }

    /**
     * Get the year property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the year property
     */
    public Property year() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().year());
    }

    /**
     * Get the weekyear property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the weekyear property
     */
    public Property weekyear() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().weekyear());
    }

    /**
     * Get the month of year property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the month of year property
     */
    public Property monthOfYear() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().monthOfYear());
    }

    /**
     * Get the week of a week based year property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the week of a week based year property
     */
    public Property weekOfWeekyear() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().weekOfWeekyear());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of year property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the day of year property
     */
    public Property dayOfYear() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().dayOfYear());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of month property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the day of month property
     */
    public Property dayOfMonth() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().dayOfMonth());
    }

    /**
     * Get the day of week property which provides access to advanced functionality.
     *
     * @return the day of week property
     */
    public Property dayOfWeek() {
        return new Property(this, getChronology().dayOfWeek());
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Output the date time in ISO8601 format (yyyy-MM-dd).
     *
     * @return ISO8601 time formatted string.
     */
    @ToString
    public String toString() {
        return ISODateTimeFormat.date().print(this);
    }

    /**
     * Output the date using the specified format pattern.
     *
     * @param pattern  the pattern specification, null means use <code>toString
     * @see org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat
     */
    public String toString(String pattern) {
        if (pattern == null) {
            return toString();
        }
        return DateTimeFormat.forPattern(pattern).print(this);
    }

    /**
     * Output the date using the specified format pattern.
     *
     * @param pattern  the pattern specification, null means use <code>toString
     * @param locale  Locale to use, null means default
     * @see org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat
     */
    public String toString(String pattern, Locale locale) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        if (pattern == null) {
            return toString();
        }
        return DateTimeFormat.forPattern(pattern).withLocale(locale).print(this);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * LocalDate.Property binds a LocalDate to a DateTimeField allowing
     * powerful datetime functionality to be easily accessed.
     * <p>
     * The simplest use of this class is as an alternative get method, here used to
     * get the year '1972' (as an int) and the month 'December' (as a String).
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(1972, 12, 3, 0, 0);
     * int year = dt.year().get();
     * String monthStr = dt.month().getAsText();
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * Methods are also provided that allow date modification. These return
     * new instances of LocalDate - they do not modify the original. The example
     * below yields two independent immutable date objects 20 years apart.
     * <pre>
     * LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(1972, 12, 3);
     * LocalDate dt1920 = dt.year().setCopy(1920);
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * LocalDate.Property itself is thread-safe and immutable, as well as the
     * LocalDate being operated on.
     *
     * @author Stephen Colebourne
     * @author Brian S O'Neill
     * @since 1.3
     */
    public static final class Property extends AbstractReadableInstantFieldProperty {
        
        /** Serialization version */
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -3193829732634L;
        
        /** The instant this property is working against */
        private transient LocalDate iInstant;
        /** The field this property is working against */
        private transient DateTimeField iField;
        
        /**
         * Constructor.
         * 
         * @param instant  the instant to set
         * @param field  the field to use
         */
        Property(LocalDate instant, DateTimeField field) {
            super();
            iInstant = instant;
            iField = field;
        }
        
        /**
         * Writes the property in a safe serialization format.
         */
        private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
            oos.writeObject(iInstant);
            oos.writeObject(iField.getType());
        }

        /**
         * Reads the property from a safe serialization format.
         */
        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream oos) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
            iInstant = (LocalDate) oos.readObject();
            DateTimeFieldType type = (DateTimeFieldType) oos.readObject();
            iField = type.getField(iInstant.getChronology());
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        /**
         * Gets the field being used.
         * 
         * @return the field
         */
        public DateTimeField getField() {
            return iField;
        }
        
        /**
         * Gets the milliseconds of the date that this property is linked to.
         * 
         * @return the milliseconds
         */
        protected long getMillis() {
            return iInstant.getLocalMillis();
        }
        
        /**
         * Gets the chronology of the datetime that this property is linked to.
         * 
         * @return the chronology
         * @since 1.4
         */
        protected Chronology getChronology() {
            return iInstant.getChronology();
        }
        
        /**
         * Gets the LocalDate object linked to this property.
         * 
         * @return the linked LocalDate
         */
        public LocalDate getLocalDate() {
            return iInstant;
        }
        
        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        /**
         * Adds to this field in a copy of this LocalDate.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @param value  the value to add to the field in the copy
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value isn't valid
         */
        public LocalDate addToCopy(int value) {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.add(iInstant.getLocalMillis(), value));
        }
        
        /**
         * Adds to this field, possibly wrapped, in a copy of this LocalDate.
         * A field wrapped operation only changes this field.
         * Thus 31st January addWrapField one day goes to the 1st January.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @param value  the value to add to the field in the copy
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value isn't valid
         */
        public LocalDate addWrapFieldToCopy(int value) {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.addWrapField(iInstant.getLocalMillis(), value));
        }
        
        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        /**
         * Sets this field in a copy of the LocalDate.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @param value  the value to set the field in the copy to
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value isn't valid
         */
        public LocalDate setCopy(int value) {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.set(iInstant.getLocalMillis(), value));
        }
        
        /**
         * Sets this field in a copy of the LocalDate to a parsed text value.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @param text  the text value to set
         * @param locale  optional locale to use for selecting a text symbol
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the text value isn't valid
         */
        public LocalDate setCopy(String text, Locale locale) {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.set(iInstant.getLocalMillis(), text, locale));
        }
        
        /**
         * Sets this field in a copy of the LocalDate to a parsed text value.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @param text  the text value to set
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the text value isn't valid
         */
        public LocalDate setCopy(String text) {
            return setCopy(text, null);
        }
        
        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        /**
         * Returns a new LocalDate with this field set to the maximum value
         * for this field.
         * <p>
         * This operation is useful for obtaining a LocalDate on the last day
         * of the month, as month lengths vary.
         * <pre>
         * LocalDate lastDayOfMonth = dt.dayOfMonth().withMaximumValue();
         * </pre>
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with this field set to its maximum
         */
        public LocalDate withMaximumValue() {
            return setCopy(getMaximumValue());
        }
        
        /**
         * Returns a new LocalDate with this field set to the minimum value
         * for this field.
         * <p>
         * The LocalDate attached to this property is unchanged by this call.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with this field set to its minimum
         */
        public LocalDate withMinimumValue() {
            return setCopy(getMinimumValue());
        }
        
        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        /**
         * Rounds to the lowest whole unit of this field on a copy of this
         * LocalDate.
         * <p>
         * For example, rounding floor on the hourOfDay field of a LocalDate
         * where the time is 10:30 would result in new LocalDate with the
         * time of 10:00.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         */
        public LocalDate roundFloorCopy() {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.roundFloor(iInstant.getLocalMillis()));
        }
        
        /**
         * Rounds to the highest whole unit of this field on a copy of this
         * LocalDate.
         * <p>
         * For example, rounding floor on the hourOfDay field of a LocalDate
         * where the time is 10:30 would result in new LocalDate with the
         * time of 11:00.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         */
        public LocalDate roundCeilingCopy() {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.roundCeiling(iInstant.getLocalMillis()));
        }
        
        /**
         * Rounds to the nearest whole unit of this field on a copy of this
         * LocalDate, favoring the floor if halfway.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         */
        public LocalDate roundHalfFloorCopy() {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.roundHalfFloor(iInstant.getLocalMillis()));
        }
        
        /**
         * Rounds to the nearest whole unit of this field on a copy of this
         * LocalDate, favoring the ceiling if halfway.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         */
        public LocalDate roundHalfCeilingCopy() {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.roundHalfCeiling(iInstant.getLocalMillis()));
        }
        
        /**
         * Rounds to the nearest whole unit of this field on a copy of this
         * LocalDate.  If halfway, the ceiling is favored over the floor
         * only if it makes this field's value even.
         *
         * @return a copy of the LocalDate with the field value changed
         */
        public LocalDate roundHalfEvenCopy() {
            return iInstant.withLocalMillis(iField.roundHalfEven(iInstant.getLocalMillis()));
        }
    }

}

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