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Scala example source code file (Scanners.scala)

This example Scala source code file (Scanners.scala) is included in my "Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you more easily find Scala source code examples by using tags.

All credit for the original source code belongs to scala-lang.org; I'm just trying to make examples easier to find. (For my Scala work, see my Scala examples and tutorials.)

Scala tags/keywords

annotation, boolean, collection, compiler, identifier, int, list, nsc, offset, rbrace, reflection, string, stringlit, token, unit, utilities

The Scanners.scala Scala example source code

/* NSC -- new Scala compiler
 * Copyright 2005-2013 LAMP/EPFL
 * @author  Martin Odersky
 */
package scala.tools.nsc
package ast.parser

import scala.tools.nsc.util.{ CharArrayReader, CharArrayReaderData }
import scala.reflect.internal.util._
import scala.reflect.internal.Chars._
import Tokens._
import scala.annotation.{ switch, tailrec }
import scala.collection.{ mutable, immutable }
import mutable.{ ListBuffer, ArrayBuffer }
import scala.tools.nsc.ast.parser.xml.Utility.isNameStart
import scala.language.postfixOps

/** See Parsers.scala / ParsersCommon for some explanation of ScannersCommon.
 */
trait ScannersCommon {
  val global : Global
  import global._

  /** Offset into source character array */
  type Offset = Int

  type Token = Int

  trait CommonTokenData {
    def token: Token
    def name: TermName
  }

  trait ScannerCommon extends CommonTokenData {
    // things to fill in, in addition to buf, decodeUni which come from CharArrayReader
    def error(off: Offset, msg: String): Unit
    def incompleteInputError(off: Offset, msg: String): Unit
    def deprecationWarning(off: Offset, msg: String): Unit
  }

  def createKeywordArray(keywords: Seq[(Name, Token)], defaultToken: Token): (Token, Array[Token]) = {
    val names = keywords sortBy (_._1.start) map { case (k, v) => (k.start, v) }
    val low   = names.head._1
    val high  = names.last._1
    val arr   = Array.fill(high - low + 1)(defaultToken)

    names foreach { case (k, v) => arr(k + low) = v }
    (low, arr)
  }
}

trait Scanners extends ScannersCommon {
  val global : Global
  import global._

  trait TokenData extends CommonTokenData {

    /** the next token */
    var token: Token = EMPTY

    /** the offset of the first character of the current token */
    var offset: Offset = 0

    /** the offset of the character following the token preceding this one */
    var lastOffset: Offset = 0

    /** the name of an identifier */
    var name: TermName = null

    /** the string value of a literal */
    var strVal: String = null

    /** the base of a number */
    var base: Int = 0

    def copyFrom(td: TokenData): this.type = {
      this.token = td.token
      this.offset = td.offset
      this.lastOffset = td.lastOffset
      this.name = td.name
      this.strVal = td.strVal
      this.base = td.base
      this
    }
  }

  /** An interface to most of mutable data in Scanner defined in TokenData
   *  and CharArrayReader (+ next, prev fields) with copyFrom functionality
   *  to backup/restore data (used by quasiquotes' lookingAhead).
   */
  trait ScannerData extends TokenData with CharArrayReaderData {
    /** we need one token lookahead and one token history
     */
    val next: TokenData = new TokenData{}
    val prev: TokenData = new TokenData{}

    def copyFrom(sd: ScannerData): this.type = {
      this.next copyFrom sd.next
      this.prev copyFrom sd.prev
      super[CharArrayReaderData].copyFrom(sd)
      super[TokenData].copyFrom(sd)
      this
    }
  }

  abstract class Scanner extends CharArrayReader with TokenData with ScannerData with ScannerCommon {
    private def isDigit(c: Char) = java.lang.Character isDigit c

    private var openComments = 0
    protected def putCommentChar(): Unit = nextChar()

    @tailrec private def skipLineComment(): Unit = ch match {
      case SU | CR | LF =>
      case _            => nextChar() ; skipLineComment()
    }
    private def maybeOpen() {
      putCommentChar()
      if (ch == '*') {
        putCommentChar()
        openComments += 1
      }
    }
    private def maybeClose(): Boolean = {
      putCommentChar()
      (ch == '/') && {
        putCommentChar()
        openComments -= 1
        openComments == 0
      }
    }
    @tailrec final def skipNestedComments(): Unit = ch match {
      case '/' => maybeOpen() ; skipNestedComments()
      case '*' => if (!maybeClose()) skipNestedComments()
      case SU  => incompleteInputError("unclosed comment")
      case _   => putCommentChar() ; skipNestedComments()
    }
    def skipDocComment(): Unit = skipNestedComments()
    def skipBlockComment(): Unit = skipNestedComments()

    private def skipToCommentEnd(isLineComment: Boolean) {
      nextChar()
      if (isLineComment) skipLineComment()
      else {
        openComments = 1
        val isDocComment = (ch == '*') && { nextChar(); true }
        if (isDocComment) {
          // Check for the amazing corner case of /**/
          if (ch == '/')
            nextChar()
          else
            skipDocComment()
        }
        else skipBlockComment()
      }
    }

    /** @pre ch == '/'
     *  Returns true if a comment was skipped.
     */
    def skipComment(): Boolean = ch match {
      case '/' | '*' => skipToCommentEnd(isLineComment = ch == '/') ; true
      case _         => false
    }
    def flushDoc(): DocComment = null

    /** To prevent doc comments attached to expressions from leaking out of scope
     *  onto the next documentable entity, they are discarded upon passing a right
     *  brace, bracket, or parenthesis.
     */
    def discardDocBuffer(): Unit = ()

    def isAtEnd = charOffset >= buf.length

    def resume(lastCode: Token) = {
      token = lastCode
      if (next.token != EMPTY && !reporter.hasErrors)
        syntaxError("unexpected end of input: possible missing '}' in XML block")

      nextToken()
    }

    /** A character buffer for literals
     */
    val cbuf = new StringBuilder

    /** append Unicode character to "cbuf" buffer
     */
    protected def putChar(c: Char) {
//      assert(cbuf.size < 10000, cbuf)
      cbuf.append(c)
    }

    /** Determines whether this scanner should emit identifier deprecation warnings,
     *  e.g. when seeing `macro` or `then`, which are planned to become keywords in future versions of Scala.
     */
    protected def emitIdentifierDeprecationWarnings = true

    /** Clear buffer and set name and token */
    private def finishNamed(idtoken: Token = IDENTIFIER) {
      name = newTermName(cbuf.toString)
      cbuf.clear()
      token = idtoken
      if (idtoken == IDENTIFIER) {
        val idx = name.start - kwOffset
        if (idx >= 0 && idx < kwArray.length) {
          token = kwArray(idx)
          if (token == IDENTIFIER && allowIdent != name) {
            if (name == nme.MACROkw)
              syntaxError(s"$name is now a reserved word; usage as an identifier is disallowed")
            else if (emitIdentifierDeprecationWarnings)
              deprecationWarning(s"$name is now a reserved word; usage as an identifier is deprecated")
          }
        }
      }
    }

    /** Clear buffer and set string */
    private def setStrVal() {
      strVal = cbuf.toString
      cbuf.clear()
    }

    /** a stack of tokens which indicates whether line-ends can be statement separators
     *  also used for keeping track of nesting levels.
     *  We keep track of the closing symbol of a region. This can be
     *  RPAREN    if region starts with '('
     *  RBRACKET  if region starts with '['
     *  RBRACE    if region starts with '{'
     *  ARROW     if region starts with `case'
     *  STRINGLIT if region is a string interpolation expression starting with '${'
     *            (the STRINGLIT appears twice in succession on the stack iff the
     *             expression is a multiline string literal).
     */
    var sepRegions: List[Token] = List()

// Get next token ------------------------------------------------------------

    /** Are we directly in a string interpolation expression?
     */
    private def inStringInterpolation =
      sepRegions.nonEmpty && sepRegions.head == STRINGLIT

    /** Are we directly in a multiline string interpolation expression?
     *  @pre inStringInterpolation
     */
    private def inMultiLineInterpolation =
      inStringInterpolation && sepRegions.tail.nonEmpty && sepRegions.tail.head == STRINGPART

    /** read next token and return last offset
     */
    def skipToken(): Offset = {
      val off = offset
      nextToken()
      off
    }

    /** Allow an otherwise deprecated ident here */
    private var allowIdent: Name = nme.EMPTY

    /** Get next token, and allow the otherwise deprecated ident `name`  */
    def nextTokenAllow(name: Name) = {
      val prev = allowIdent
      allowIdent = name
      try {
        nextToken()
      } finally {
        allowIdent = prev
      }
    }

    /** Produce next token, filling TokenData fields of Scanner.
     */
    def nextToken() {
      val lastToken = token
      // Adapt sepRegions according to last token
      (lastToken: @switch) match {
        case LPAREN =>
          sepRegions = RPAREN :: sepRegions
        case LBRACKET =>
          sepRegions = RBRACKET :: sepRegions
        case LBRACE =>
          sepRegions = RBRACE :: sepRegions
        case CASE =>
          sepRegions = ARROW :: sepRegions
        case RBRACE =>
          while (!sepRegions.isEmpty && sepRegions.head != RBRACE)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail
          if (!sepRegions.isEmpty)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail

          discardDocBuffer()
        case RBRACKET | RPAREN =>
          if (!sepRegions.isEmpty && sepRegions.head == lastToken)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail

          discardDocBuffer()
        case ARROW =>
          if (!sepRegions.isEmpty && sepRegions.head == lastToken)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail
        case STRINGLIT =>
          if (inMultiLineInterpolation)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail.tail
          else if (inStringInterpolation)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail
        case _ =>
      }

      // Read a token or copy it from `next` tokenData
      if (next.token == EMPTY) {
        lastOffset = charOffset - 1
        if (lastOffset > 0 && buf(lastOffset) == '\n' && buf(lastOffset - 1) == '\r') {
          lastOffset -= 1
        }
        if (inStringInterpolation) fetchStringPart() else fetchToken()
        if(token == ERROR) {
          if (inMultiLineInterpolation)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail.tail
          else if (inStringInterpolation)
            sepRegions = sepRegions.tail
        }
      } else {
        this copyFrom next
        next.token = EMPTY
      }

      /* Insert NEWLINE or NEWLINES if
       * - we are after a newline
       * - we are within a { ... } or on toplevel (wrt sepRegions)
       * - the current token can start a statement and the one before can end it
       * insert NEWLINES if we are past a blank line, NEWLINE otherwise
       */
      if (!applyBracePatch() && afterLineEnd() && inLastOfStat(lastToken) && inFirstOfStat(token) &&
          (sepRegions.isEmpty || sepRegions.head == RBRACE)) {
        next copyFrom this
        offset = if (lineStartOffset <= offset) lineStartOffset else lastLineStartOffset
        token = if (pastBlankLine()) NEWLINES else NEWLINE
      }

      // Join CASE + CLASS => CASECLASS, CASE + OBJECT => CASEOBJECT, SEMI + ELSE => ELSE
      if (token == CASE) {
        prev copyFrom this
        val nextLastOffset = charOffset - 1
        fetchToken()
        def resetOffset() {
          offset = prev.offset
          lastOffset = prev.lastOffset
        }
        if (token == CLASS) {
          token = CASECLASS
          resetOffset()
        } else if (token == OBJECT) {
          token = CASEOBJECT
          resetOffset()
        } else {
          lastOffset = nextLastOffset
          next copyFrom this
          this copyFrom prev
        }
      } else if (token == SEMI) {
        prev copyFrom this
        fetchToken()
        if (token != ELSE) {
          next copyFrom this
          this copyFrom prev
        }
      }

//      print("["+this+"]")
    }

    /** Is current token first one after a newline? */
    private def afterLineEnd(): Boolean =
      lastOffset < lineStartOffset &&
      (lineStartOffset <= offset ||
       lastOffset < lastLineStartOffset && lastLineStartOffset <= offset)

    /** Is there a blank line between the current token and the last one?
     *  @pre  afterLineEnd().
     */
    private def pastBlankLine(): Boolean = {
      var idx = lastOffset
      var ch = buf(idx)
      val end = offset
      while (idx < end) {
        if (ch == LF || ch == FF) {
          do {
            idx += 1; ch = buf(idx)
            if (ch == LF || ch == FF) {
//              println("blank line found at "+lastOffset+":"+(lastOffset to idx).map(buf(_)).toList)
              return true
            }
            if (idx == end) return false
          } while (ch <= ' ')
        }
        idx += 1; ch = buf(idx)
      }
      false
    }

    /** read next token, filling TokenData fields of Scanner.
     */
    protected final def fetchToken() {
      offset = charOffset - 1
      (ch: @switch) match {

        case ' ' | '\t' | CR | LF | FF =>
          nextChar()
          fetchToken()
        case 'A' | 'B' | 'C' | 'D' | 'E' |
             'F' | 'G' | 'H' | 'I' | 'J' |
             'K' | 'L' | 'M' | 'N' | 'O' |
             'P' | 'Q' | 'R' | 'S' | 'T' |
             'U' | 'V' | 'W' | 'X' | 'Y' |
             'Z' | '$' | '_' |
             'a' | 'b' | 'c' | 'd' | 'e' |
             'f' | 'g' | 'h' | 'i' | 'j' |
             'k' | 'l' | 'm' | 'n' | 'o' |
             'p' | 'q' | 'r' | 's' | 't' |
             'u' | 'v' | 'w' | 'x' | 'y' |  // scala-mode: need to understand multi-line case patterns
             'z' =>
          putChar(ch)
          nextChar()
          getIdentRest()
          if (ch == '"' && token == IDENTIFIER)
            token = INTERPOLATIONID
        case '<' => // is XMLSTART?
          def fetchLT() = {
            val last = if (charOffset >= 2) buf(charOffset - 2) else ' '
            nextChar()
            last match {
              case ' ' | '\t' | '\n' | '{' | '(' | '>' if isNameStart(ch) || ch == '!' || ch == '?' =>
                token = XMLSTART
              case _ =>
                // Console.println("found '<', but last is '"+in.last+"'"); // DEBUG
                putChar('<')
                getOperatorRest()
            }
          }
          fetchLT()
        case '~' | '!' | '@' | '#' | '%' |
             '^' | '*' | '+' | '-' | /*'<' | */
             '>' | '?' | ':' | '=' | '&' |
             '|' | '\\' =>
          putChar(ch)
          nextChar()
          getOperatorRest()
        case '/' =>
          nextChar()
          if (skipComment()) {
            fetchToken()
          } else {
            putChar('/')
            getOperatorRest()
          }
        case '0' =>
          def fetchZero() = {
            putChar(ch)
            nextChar()
            if (ch == 'x' || ch == 'X') {
              nextChar()
              base = 16
            } else {
              base = 8
            }
            getNumber()
          }
          fetchZero()
        case '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' =>
          base = 10
          getNumber()
        case '`' =>
          getBackquotedIdent()
        case '\"' =>
          def fetchDoubleQuote() = {
            if (token == INTERPOLATIONID) {
              nextRawChar()
              if (ch == '\"') {
                val lookahead = lookaheadReader
                lookahead.nextChar()
                if (lookahead.ch == '\"') {
                  nextRawChar()                        // now eat it
                  offset += 3
                  nextRawChar()
                  getStringPart(multiLine = true)
                  sepRegions = STRINGPART :: sepRegions // indicate string part
                  sepRegions = STRINGLIT :: sepRegions // once more to indicate multi line string part
                } else {
                  nextChar()
                  token = STRINGLIT
                  strVal = ""
                }
              } else {
                offset += 1
                getStringPart(multiLine = false)
                sepRegions = STRINGLIT :: sepRegions // indicate single line string part
              }
            } else {
              nextChar()
              if (ch == '\"') {
                nextChar()
                if (ch == '\"') {
                  nextRawChar()
                  getRawStringLit()
                } else {
                  token = STRINGLIT
                  strVal = ""
                }
              } else {
                getStringLit()
              }
            }
          }
          fetchDoubleQuote()
        case '\'' =>
          def fetchSingleQuote() = {
            nextChar()
            if (isIdentifierStart(ch))
              charLitOr(getIdentRest)
            else if (isOperatorPart(ch) && (ch != '\\'))
              charLitOr(getOperatorRest)
            else {
              getLitChar()
              if (ch == '\'') {
                nextChar()
                token = CHARLIT
                setStrVal()
              } else {
                syntaxError("unclosed character literal")
              }
            }
          }
          fetchSingleQuote()
        case '.' =>
          nextChar()
          if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {
            putChar('.'); getFraction()
          } else {
            token = DOT
          }
        case ';' =>
          nextChar(); token = SEMI
        case ',' =>
          nextChar(); token = COMMA
        case '(' =>
          nextChar(); token = LPAREN
        case '{' =>
          nextChar(); token = LBRACE
        case ')' =>
          nextChar(); token = RPAREN
        case '}' =>
          nextChar(); token = RBRACE
        case '[' =>
          nextChar(); token = LBRACKET
        case ']' =>
          nextChar(); token = RBRACKET
        case SU =>
          if (isAtEnd) token = EOF
          else {
            syntaxError("illegal character")
            nextChar()
          }
        case _ =>
          def fetchOther() = {
            if (ch == '\u21D2') {
              nextChar(); token = ARROW
            } else if (ch == '\u2190') {
              nextChar(); token = LARROW
            } else if (Character.isUnicodeIdentifierStart(ch)) {
              putChar(ch)
              nextChar()
              getIdentRest()
            } else if (isSpecial(ch)) {
              putChar(ch)
              nextChar()
              getOperatorRest()
            } else {
              syntaxError("illegal character '" + ("" + '\\' + 'u' + "%04x".format(ch.toInt)) + "'")
              nextChar()
            }
          }
          fetchOther()
      }
    }

    /** Can token start a statement? */
    def inFirstOfStat(token: Token) = token match {
      case EOF | CATCH | ELSE | EXTENDS | FINALLY | FORSOME | MATCH | WITH | YIELD |
           COMMA | SEMI | NEWLINE | NEWLINES | DOT | COLON | EQUALS | ARROW | LARROW |
           SUBTYPE | VIEWBOUND | SUPERTYPE | HASH | RPAREN | RBRACKET | RBRACE | LBRACKET =>
        false
      case _ =>
        true
    }

    /** Can token end a statement? */
    def inLastOfStat(token: Token) = token match {
      case CHARLIT | INTLIT | LONGLIT | FLOATLIT | DOUBLELIT | STRINGLIT | SYMBOLLIT |
           IDENTIFIER | BACKQUOTED_IDENT | THIS | NULL | TRUE | FALSE | RETURN | USCORE |
           TYPE | XMLSTART | RPAREN | RBRACKET | RBRACE =>
        true
      case _ =>
        false
    }

// Identifiers ---------------------------------------------------------------

    private def getBackquotedIdent() {
      nextChar()
      getLitChars('`')
      if (ch == '`') {
        nextChar()
        finishNamed(BACKQUOTED_IDENT)
        if (name.length == 0) syntaxError("empty quoted identifier")
      }
      else syntaxError("unclosed quoted identifier")
    }

    private def getIdentRest(): Unit = (ch: @switch) match {
      case 'A' | 'B' | 'C' | 'D' | 'E' |
           'F' | 'G' | 'H' | 'I' | 'J' |
           'K' | 'L' | 'M' | 'N' | 'O' |
           'P' | 'Q' | 'R' | 'S' | 'T' |
           'U' | 'V' | 'W' | 'X' | 'Y' |
           'Z' | '$' |
           'a' | 'b' | 'c' | 'd' | 'e' |
           'f' | 'g' | 'h' | 'i' | 'j' |
           'k' | 'l' | 'm' | 'n' | 'o' |
           'p' | 'q' | 'r' | 's' | 't' |
           'u' | 'v' | 'w' | 'x' | 'y' |
           'z' |
           '0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' |
           '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' =>
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        getIdentRest()
      case '_' =>
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        getIdentOrOperatorRest()
      case SU => // strangely enough, Character.isUnicodeIdentifierPart(SU) returns true!
        finishNamed()
      case _ =>
        if (Character.isUnicodeIdentifierPart(ch)) {
          putChar(ch)
          nextChar()
          getIdentRest()
        } else {
          finishNamed()
        }
    }

    private def getOperatorRest(): Unit = (ch: @switch) match {
      case '~' | '!' | '@' | '#' | '%' |
           '^' | '*' | '+' | '-' | '<' |
           '>' | '?' | ':' | '=' | '&' |
           '|' | '\\' =>
        putChar(ch); nextChar(); getOperatorRest()
      case '/' =>
        nextChar()
        if (skipComment()) finishNamed()
        else { putChar('/'); getOperatorRest() }
      case _ =>
        if (isSpecial(ch)) { putChar(ch); nextChar(); getOperatorRest() }
        else finishNamed()
    }

    private def getIdentOrOperatorRest() {
      if (isIdentifierPart(ch))
        getIdentRest()
      else ch match {
        case '~' | '!' | '@' | '#' | '%' |
             '^' | '*' | '+' | '-' | '<' |
             '>' | '?' | ':' | '=' | '&' |
             '|' | '\\' | '/' =>
          getOperatorRest()
        case _ =>
          if (isSpecial(ch)) getOperatorRest()
          else finishNamed()
      }
    }


// Literals -----------------------------------------------------------------

    private def getStringLit() = {
      getLitChars('"')
      if (ch == '"') {
        setStrVal()
        nextChar()
        token = STRINGLIT
      } else syntaxError("unclosed string literal")
    }

    private def getRawStringLit(): Unit = {
      if (ch == '\"') {
        nextRawChar()
        if (isTripleQuote()) {
          setStrVal()
          token = STRINGLIT
        } else
          getRawStringLit()
      } else if (ch == SU) {
        incompleteInputError("unclosed multi-line string literal")
      } else {
        putChar(ch)
        nextRawChar()
        getRawStringLit()
      }
    }

    @scala.annotation.tailrec private def getStringPart(multiLine: Boolean): Unit = {
      def finishStringPart() = {
        setStrVal()
        token = STRINGPART
        next.lastOffset = charOffset - 1
        next.offset = charOffset - 1
      }
      if (ch == '"') {
        if (multiLine) {
          nextRawChar()
          if (isTripleQuote()) {
            setStrVal()
            token = STRINGLIT
          } else
            getStringPart(multiLine)
        } else {
          nextChar()
          setStrVal()
          token = STRINGLIT
        }
      } else if (ch == '$') {
        nextRawChar()
        if (ch == '$') {
          putChar(ch)
          nextRawChar()
          getStringPart(multiLine)
        } else if (ch == '{') {
          finishStringPart()
          nextRawChar()
          next.token = LBRACE
        } else if (ch == '_') {
          finishStringPart()
          nextRawChar()
          next.token = USCORE
        } else if (Character.isUnicodeIdentifierStart(ch)) {
          finishStringPart()
          do {
            putChar(ch)
            nextRawChar()
          } while (ch != SU && Character.isUnicodeIdentifierPart(ch))
          next.token = IDENTIFIER
          next.name = newTermName(cbuf.toString)
          cbuf.clear()
          val idx = next.name.start - kwOffset
          if (idx >= 0 && idx < kwArray.length) {
            next.token = kwArray(idx)
          }
        } else {
          syntaxError("invalid string interpolation: `$$', `$'ident or `$'BlockExpr expected")
        }
      } else {
        val isUnclosedLiteral = !isUnicodeEscape && (ch == SU || (!multiLine && (ch == CR || ch == LF)))
        if (isUnclosedLiteral) {
          if (multiLine)
            incompleteInputError("unclosed multi-line string literal")
          else
            syntaxError("unclosed string literal")
        }
        else {
          putChar(ch)
          nextRawChar()
          getStringPart(multiLine)
        }
      }
    }

    private def fetchStringPart() = {
      offset = charOffset - 1
      getStringPart(multiLine = inMultiLineInterpolation)
    }

    private def isTripleQuote(): Boolean =
      if (ch == '"') {
        nextRawChar()
        if (ch == '"') {
          nextChar()
          while (ch == '"') {
            putChar('"')
            nextChar()
          }
          true
        } else {
          putChar('"')
          putChar('"')
          false
        }
      } else {
        putChar('"')
        false
      }

    /** copy current character into cbuf, interpreting any escape sequences,
     *  and advance to next character.
     */
    protected def getLitChar(): Unit =
      if (ch == '\\') {
        nextChar()
        if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '7') {
          val start = charOffset - 2
          val leadch: Char = ch
          var oct: Int = digit2int(ch, 8)
          nextChar()
          if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '7') {
            oct = oct * 8 + digit2int(ch, 8)
            nextChar()
            if (leadch <= '3' && '0' <= ch && ch <= '7') {
              oct = oct * 8 + digit2int(ch, 8)
              nextChar()
            }
          }
          val alt = if (oct == LF) "\\n" else "\\u%04x" format oct
          def msg(what: String) = s"Octal escape literals are $what, use $alt instead."
          if (settings.future)
            syntaxError(start, msg("unsupported"))
          else
            deprecationWarning(start, msg("deprecated"))
          putChar(oct.toChar)
        } else {
          ch match {
            case 'b'  => putChar('\b')
            case 't'  => putChar('\t')
            case 'n'  => putChar('\n')
            case 'f'  => putChar('\f')
            case 'r'  => putChar('\r')
            case '\"' => putChar('\"')
            case '\'' => putChar('\'')
            case '\\' => putChar('\\')
            case _    => invalidEscape()
          }
          nextChar()
        }
      } else  {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
      }

    protected def invalidEscape(): Unit = {
      syntaxError(charOffset - 1, "invalid escape character")
      putChar(ch)
    }

    private def getLitChars(delimiter: Char) = {
      while (ch != delimiter && !isAtEnd && (ch != SU && ch != CR && ch != LF || isUnicodeEscape))
        getLitChar()
    }

    /** read fractional part and exponent of floating point number
     *  if one is present.
     */
    protected def getFraction() {
      token = DOUBLELIT
      while ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
      }
      if (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
        val lookahead = lookaheadReader
        lookahead.nextChar()
        if (lookahead.ch == '+' || lookahead.ch == '-') {
          lookahead.nextChar()
        }
        if ('0' <= lookahead.ch && lookahead.ch <= '9') {
          putChar(ch)
          nextChar()
          if (ch == '+' || ch == '-') {
            putChar(ch)
            nextChar()
          }
          while ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {
            putChar(ch)
            nextChar()
          }
        }
        token = DOUBLELIT
      }
      if (ch == 'd' || ch == 'D') {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        token = DOUBLELIT
      } else if (ch == 'f' || ch == 'F') {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        token = FLOATLIT
      }
      checkNoLetter()
      setStrVal()
    }

    /** Convert current strVal to char value
     */
    def charVal: Char = if (strVal.length > 0) strVal.charAt(0) else 0

    /** Convert current strVal, base to long value
     *  This is tricky because of max negative value.
     */
    def intVal(negated: Boolean): Long = {
      if (token == CHARLIT && !negated) {
        charVal.toLong
      } else {
        var value: Long = 0
        val divider = if (base == 10) 1 else 2
        val limit: Long =
          if (token == LONGLIT) Long.MaxValue else Int.MaxValue
        var i = 0
        val len = strVal.length
        while (i < len) {
          val d = digit2int(strVal charAt i, base)
          if (d < 0) {
            syntaxError("malformed integer number")
            return 0
          }
          if (value < 0 ||
              limit / (base / divider) < value ||
              limit - (d / divider) < value * (base / divider) &&
              !(negated && limit == value * base - 1 + d)) {
                syntaxError("integer number too large")
                return 0
              }
          value = value * base + d
          i += 1
        }
        if (negated) -value else value
      }
    }

    def intVal: Long = intVal(negated = false)

    /** Convert current strVal, base to double value
    */
    def floatVal(negated: Boolean): Double = {

      val limit: Double =
        if (token == DOUBLELIT) Double.MaxValue else Float.MaxValue
      try {
        val value: Double = java.lang.Double.valueOf(strVal).doubleValue()
        def isDeprecatedForm = {
          val idx = strVal indexOf '.'
          (idx == strVal.length - 1) || (
               (idx >= 0)
            && (idx + 1 < strVal.length)
            && (!Character.isDigit(strVal charAt (idx + 1)))
          )
        }
        if (value > limit)
          syntaxError("floating point number too large")
        if (isDeprecatedForm)
          syntaxError("floating point number is missing digit after dot")

        if (negated) -value else value
      } catch {
        case _: NumberFormatException =>
          syntaxError("malformed floating point number")
          0.0
      }
    }

    def floatVal: Double = floatVal(negated = false)

    def checkNoLetter() {
      if (isIdentifierPart(ch) && ch >= ' ')
        syntaxError("Invalid literal number")
    }

    /** Read a number into strVal and set base
    */
    protected def getNumber() {
      val base1 = if (base < 10) 10 else base
      // Read 8,9's even if format is octal, produce a malformed number error afterwards.
      // At this point, we have already read the first digit, so to tell an innocent 0 apart
      // from an octal literal 0123... (which we want to disallow), we check whether there
      // are any additional digits coming after the first one we have already read.
      var notSingleZero = false
      while (digit2int(ch, base1) >= 0) {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        notSingleZero = true
      }
      token = INTLIT

      /* When we know for certain it's a number after using a touch of lookahead */
      def restOfNumber() = {
        putChar(ch)
        nextChar()
        getFraction()
      }
      def restOfUncertainToken() = {
        def isEfd = ch match { case 'e' | 'E' | 'f' | 'F' | 'd' | 'D' => true ; case _ => false }
        def isL   = ch match { case 'l' | 'L' => true ; case _ => false }

        if (base <= 10 && isEfd)
          getFraction()
        else {
          // Checking for base == 8 is not enough, because base = 8 is set
          // as soon as a 0 is read in `case '0'` of method fetchToken.
          if (base == 8 && notSingleZero) syntaxError("Non-zero integral values may not have a leading zero.")
          setStrVal()
          if (isL) {
            nextChar()
            token = LONGLIT
          }
          else checkNoLetter()
        }
      }

      if (base > 10 || ch != '.')
        restOfUncertainToken()
      else {
        val lookahead = lookaheadReader
        val c = lookahead.getc()

        /* Prohibit 1. */
        if (!isDigit(c))
          return setStrVal()

        val isDefinitelyNumber = (c: @switch) match {
          /** Another digit is a giveaway. */
          case '0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9'  =>
            true

          /* Backquoted idents like 22.`foo`. */
          case '`' =>
            return setStrVal()  /** Note the early return */

          /* These letters may be part of a literal, or a method invocation on an Int.
           */
          case 'd' | 'D' | 'f' | 'F' =>
            !isIdentifierPart(lookahead.getc())

          /* A little more special handling for e.g. 5e7 */
          case 'e' | 'E' =>
            val ch = lookahead.getc()
            !isIdentifierPart(ch) || (isDigit(ch) || ch == '+' || ch == '-')

          case x  =>
            !isIdentifierStart(x)
        }
        if (isDefinitelyNumber) restOfNumber()
        else restOfUncertainToken()
      }
    }

    /** Parse character literal if current character is followed by \',
     *  or follow with given op and return a symbol literal token
     */
    def charLitOr(op: () => Unit) {
      putChar(ch)
      nextChar()
      if (ch == '\'') {
        nextChar()
        token = CHARLIT
        setStrVal()
      } else {
        op()
        token = SYMBOLLIT
        strVal = name.toString
      }
    }

// Errors -----------------------------------------------------------------

    /** generate an error at the given offset
    */
    def syntaxError(off: Offset, msg: String) {
      error(off, msg)
      token = ERROR
    }

    /** generate an error at the current token offset
    */
    def syntaxError(msg: String): Unit = syntaxError(offset, msg)

    def deprecationWarning(msg: String): Unit = deprecationWarning(offset, msg)

    /** signal an error where the input ended in the middle of a token */
    def incompleteInputError(msg: String) {
      incompleteInputError(offset, msg)
      token = EOF
    }

    override def toString() = token match {
      case IDENTIFIER | BACKQUOTED_IDENT =>
        "id(" + name + ")"
      case CHARLIT =>
        "char(" + intVal + ")"
      case INTLIT =>
        "int(" + intVal + ")"
      case LONGLIT =>
        "long(" + intVal + ")"
      case FLOATLIT =>
        "float(" + floatVal + ")"
      case DOUBLELIT =>
        "double(" + floatVal + ")"
      case STRINGLIT =>
        "string(" + strVal + ")"
      case STRINGPART =>
        "stringpart(" + strVal + ")"
      case INTERPOLATIONID =>
        "interpolationid(" + name + ")"
      case SEMI =>
        ";"
      case NEWLINE =>
        ";"
      case NEWLINES =>
        ";;"
      case COMMA =>
        ","
      case _ =>
        token2string(token)
    }

    // ------------- brace counting and healing ------------------------------

    /** overridden in UnitScanners:
     *  apply brace patch if one exists for this offset
     *  return true if subsequent end of line handling should be suppressed.
     */
    def applyBracePatch(): Boolean = false

    /** overridden in UnitScanners */
    def parenBalance(token: Token) = 0

    /** overridden in UnitScanners */
    def healBraces(): List[BracePatch] = List()

    /** Initialization method: read first char, then first token
     */
    def init() {
      nextChar()
      nextToken()
    }
  } // end Scanner

  // ------------- keyword configuration -----------------------------------

  private val allKeywords = List[(Name, Token)](
    nme.ABSTRACTkw  -> ABSTRACT,
    nme.CASEkw      -> CASE,
    nme.CATCHkw     -> CATCH,
    nme.CLASSkw     -> CLASS,
    nme.DEFkw       -> DEF,
    nme.DOkw        -> DO,
    nme.ELSEkw      -> ELSE,
    nme.EXTENDSkw   -> EXTENDS,
    nme.FALSEkw     -> FALSE,
    nme.FINALkw     -> FINAL,
    nme.FINALLYkw   -> FINALLY,
    nme.FORkw       -> FOR,
    nme.FORSOMEkw   -> FORSOME,
    nme.IFkw        -> IF,
    nme.IMPLICITkw  -> IMPLICIT,
    nme.IMPORTkw    -> IMPORT,
    nme.LAZYkw      -> LAZY,
    nme.MATCHkw     -> MATCH,
    nme.NEWkw       -> NEW,
    nme.NULLkw      -> NULL,
    nme.OBJECTkw    -> OBJECT,
    nme.OVERRIDEkw  -> OVERRIDE,
    nme.PACKAGEkw   -> PACKAGE,
    nme.PRIVATEkw   -> PRIVATE,
    nme.PROTECTEDkw -> PROTECTED,
    nme.RETURNkw    -> RETURN,
    nme.SEALEDkw    -> SEALED,
    nme.SUPERkw     -> SUPER,
    nme.THISkw      -> THIS,
    nme.THROWkw     -> THROW,
    nme.TRAITkw     -> TRAIT,
    nme.TRUEkw      -> TRUE,
    nme.TRYkw       -> TRY,
    nme.TYPEkw      -> TYPE,
    nme.VALkw       -> VAL,
    nme.VARkw       -> VAR,
    nme.WHILEkw     -> WHILE,
    nme.WITHkw      -> WITH,
    nme.YIELDkw     -> YIELD,
    nme.DOTkw       -> DOT,
    nme.USCOREkw    -> USCORE,
    nme.COLONkw     -> COLON,
    nme.EQUALSkw    -> EQUALS,
    nme.ARROWkw     -> ARROW,
    nme.LARROWkw    -> LARROW,
    nme.SUBTYPEkw   -> SUBTYPE,
    nme.VIEWBOUNDkw -> VIEWBOUND,
    nme.SUPERTYPEkw -> SUPERTYPE,
    nme.HASHkw      -> HASH,
    nme.ATkw        -> AT,
    nme.MACROkw     -> IDENTIFIER,
    nme.THENkw      -> IDENTIFIER)

  private var kwOffset: Offset = -1
  private val kwArray: Array[Token] = {
    val (offset, arr) = createKeywordArray(allKeywords, IDENTIFIER)
    kwOffset = offset
    arr
  }

  final val token2name = (allKeywords map (_.swap)).toMap

// Token representation ----------------------------------------------------

  /** Returns the string representation of given token. */
  def token2string(token: Token): String = (token: @switch) match {
    case IDENTIFIER | BACKQUOTED_IDENT => "identifier"
    case CHARLIT => "character literal"
    case INTLIT => "integer literal"
    case LONGLIT => "long literal"
    case FLOATLIT => "float literal"
    case DOUBLELIT => "double literal"
    case STRINGLIT | STRINGPART | INTERPOLATIONID => "string literal"
    case SYMBOLLIT => "symbol literal"
    case LPAREN => "'('"
    case RPAREN => "')'"
    case LBRACE => "'{'"
    case RBRACE => "'}'"
    case LBRACKET => "'['"
    case RBRACKET => "']'"
    case EOF => "eof"
    case ERROR => "something"
    case SEMI => "';'"
    case NEWLINE => "';'"
    case NEWLINES => "';'"
    case COMMA => "','"
    case CASECLASS => "case class"
    case CASEOBJECT => "case object"
    case XMLSTART => "$XMLSTART$<"
    case _ =>
      (token2name get token) match {
        case Some(name) => "'" + name + "'"
        case _          => "'<" + token + ">'"
      }
  }

  class MalformedInput(val offset: Offset, val msg: String) extends Exception

  /** A scanner for a given source file not necessarily attached to a compilation unit.
   *  Useful for looking inside source files that aren not currently compiled to see what's there
   */
  class SourceFileScanner(val source: SourceFile) extends Scanner {
    val buf = source.content
    override val decodeUni: Boolean = !settings.nouescape

    // suppress warnings, throw exception on errors
    def deprecationWarning(off: Offset, msg: String): Unit = ()
    def error  (off: Offset, msg: String): Unit = throw new MalformedInput(off, msg)
    def incompleteInputError(off: Offset, msg: String): Unit = throw new MalformedInput(off, msg)
  }

  /** A scanner over a given compilation unit
   */
  class UnitScanner(val unit: CompilationUnit, patches: List[BracePatch]) extends SourceFileScanner(unit.source) {
    def this(unit: CompilationUnit) = this(unit, List())

    override def deprecationWarning(off: Offset, msg: String)   = unit.deprecationWarning(unit.position(off), msg)
    override def error  (off: Offset, msg: String)              = unit.error(unit.position(off), msg)
    override def incompleteInputError(off: Offset, msg: String) = unit.incompleteInputError(unit.position(off), msg)

    private var bracePatches: List[BracePatch] = patches

    lazy val parensAnalyzer = new ParensAnalyzer(unit, List())

    override def parenBalance(token: Token) = parensAnalyzer.balance(token)

    override def healBraces(): List[BracePatch] = {
      var patches: List[BracePatch] = List()
      if (!parensAnalyzer.tabSeen) {
        var bal = parensAnalyzer.balance(RBRACE)
        while (bal < 0) {
          patches = new ParensAnalyzer(unit, patches).insertRBrace()
          bal += 1
        }
        while (bal > 0) {
          patches = new ParensAnalyzer(unit, patches).deleteRBrace()
          bal -= 1
        }
      }
      patches
    }

    /** Insert or delete a brace, if a patch exists for this offset */
    override def applyBracePatch(): Boolean = {
      if (bracePatches.isEmpty || bracePatches.head.off != offset) false
      else {
        val patch = bracePatches.head
        bracePatches = bracePatches.tail
//        println("applying brace patch "+offset)//DEBUG
        if (patch.inserted) {
          next copyFrom this
          error(offset, "Missing closing brace `}' assumed here")
          token = RBRACE
          true
        } else {
          error(offset, "Unmatched closing brace '}' ignored here")
          fetchToken()
          false
        }
      }
    }
  }

  class ParensAnalyzer(unit: CompilationUnit, patches: List[BracePatch]) extends UnitScanner(unit, patches) {
    val balance = mutable.Map(RPAREN -> 0, RBRACKET -> 0, RBRACE -> 0)

    /** The source code with braces and line starts annotated with [NN] showing the index */
    private def markedSource = {
      val code   = unit.source.content
      val braces = code.indices filter (idx => "{}\n" contains code(idx)) toSet;
      val mapped = code.indices map (idx => if (braces(idx)) s"${code(idx)}[$idx]" else "" + code(idx))
      mapped.mkString("")
    }

    init()
    log(s"ParensAnalyzer for ${unit.source} of length ${unit.source.content.length}\n```\n$markedSource\n```")

    /** The offset of the first token on this line, or next following line if blank
     */
    val lineStart = new ArrayBuffer[Int]

    /** The list of matching top-level brace pairs (each of which may contain nested brace pairs).
     */
    val bracePairs: List[BracePair] = {

      var lineCount = 1
      var lastOffset = 0
      var indent = 0
      val oldBalance = scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int, Int]()
      def markBalance() = for ((k, v) <- balance) oldBalance(k) = v
      markBalance()

      def scan(bpbuf: ListBuffer[BracePair]): (Int, Int) = {
        if (token != NEWLINE && token != NEWLINES) {
          while (lastOffset < offset) {
            if (buf(lastOffset) == LF) lineCount += 1
            lastOffset += 1
          }
          while (lineCount > lineStart.length) {
            lineStart += offset
            // reset indentation unless there are new opening brackets or
            // braces since last ident line and at the same time there
            // are no new braces.
            if (balance(RPAREN) >= oldBalance(RPAREN) &&
                balance(RBRACKET) >= oldBalance(RBRACKET) ||
                balance(RBRACE) != oldBalance(RBRACE)) {
              indent = column(offset)
              markBalance()
            }
          }
        }

        token match {
          case LPAREN =>
            balance(RPAREN) -= 1; nextToken(); scan(bpbuf)
          case LBRACKET =>
            balance(RBRACKET) -= 1; nextToken(); scan(bpbuf)
          case RPAREN =>
            balance(RPAREN) += 1; nextToken(); scan(bpbuf)
          case RBRACKET =>
            balance(RBRACKET) += 1; nextToken(); scan(bpbuf)
          case LBRACE =>
            balance(RBRACE) -= 1
            val lc = lineCount
            val loff = offset
            val lindent = indent
            val bpbuf1 = new ListBuffer[BracePair]
            nextToken()
            val (roff, rindent) = scan(bpbuf1)
            if (lc != lineCount)
              bpbuf += BracePair(loff, lindent, roff, rindent, bpbuf1.toList)
            scan(bpbuf)
          case RBRACE =>
            balance(RBRACE) += 1
            val off = offset; nextToken(); (off, indent)
          case EOF =>
            (-1, -1)
          case _ =>
            nextToken(); scan(bpbuf)
        }
      }

      val bpbuf = new ListBuffer[BracePair]
      while (token != EOF) {
        val (roff, rindent) = scan(bpbuf)
        if (roff != -1) {
          val current = BracePair(-1, -1, roff, rindent, bpbuf.toList)
          bpbuf.clear()
          bpbuf += current
        }
      }
      def bracePairString(bp: BracePair, indent: Int): String = {
        val rangeString = {
          import bp._
          val lline = line(loff)
          val rline = line(roff)
          val tokens = List(lline, lindent, rline, rindent) map (n => if (n < 0) "??" else "" + n)
          "%s:%s to %s:%s".format(tokens: _*)
        }
        val outer  = (" " * indent) + rangeString
        val inners = bp.nested map (bracePairString(_, indent + 2))

        if (inners.isEmpty) outer
        else inners.mkString(outer + "\n", "\n", "")
      }
      def bpString    = bpbuf.toList map ("\n" + bracePairString(_, 0)) mkString ""
      def startString = lineStart.mkString("line starts: [", ", ", "]")

      log(s"\n$startString\n$bpString")
      bpbuf.toList
    }

    var tabSeen = false

    def line(offset: Offset): Int = {
      def findLine(lo: Int, hi: Int): Int = {
        val mid = (lo + hi) / 2
        if (offset < lineStart(mid)) findLine(lo, mid - 1)
        else if (mid + 1 < lineStart.length && offset >= lineStart(mid + 1)) findLine(mid + 1, hi)
        else mid
      }
      if (offset <= 0) 0
      else findLine(0, lineStart.length - 1)
    }

    def column(offset: Offset): Int = {
      var col = 0
      var i = offset - 1
      while (i >= 0 && buf(i) != CR && buf(i) != LF) {
        if (buf(i) == '\t') tabSeen = true
        col += 1
        i -= 1
      }
      col
    }

    def insertPatch(patches: List[BracePatch], patch: BracePatch): List[BracePatch] = patches match {
      case List() => List(patch)
      case bp :: bps => if (patch.off < bp.off) patch :: patches
                        else bp :: insertPatch(bps, patch)
    }

    def insertRBrace(): List[BracePatch] = {
      def insert(bps: List[BracePair]): List[BracePatch] = bps match {
        case List() => patches
        case (bp @ BracePair(loff, lindent, roff, rindent, nested)) :: bps1 =>
          if (lindent <= rindent) insert(bps1)
          else {
//           println("patch inside "+bp+"/"+line(loff)+"/"+lineStart(line(loff))+"/"+lindent"/"+rindent)//DEBUG
            val patches1 = insert(nested)
            if (patches1 ne patches) patches1
            else {
              var lin = line(loff) + 1
              while (lin < lineStart.length && column(lineStart(lin)) > lindent)
                lin += 1
              if (lin < lineStart.length) {
                val patches1 = insertPatch(patches, BracePatch(lineStart(lin), inserted = true))
                //println("patch for "+bp+"/"+imbalanceMeasure+"/"+new ParensAnalyzer(unit, patches1).imbalanceMeasure)
                /*if (improves(patches1))*/
                patches1
                /*else insert(bps1)*/
                // (this test did not seem to work very well in practice)
              } else patches
            }
          }
      }
      insert(bracePairs)
    }

    def deleteRBrace(): List[BracePatch] = {
      def delete(bps: List[BracePair]): List[BracePatch] = bps match {
        case List() => patches
        case BracePair(loff, lindent, roff, rindent, nested) :: bps1 =>
          if (lindent >= rindent) delete(bps1)
          else {
            val patches1 = delete(nested)
            if (patches1 ne patches) patches1
            else insertPatch(patches, BracePatch(roff, inserted = false))
          }
      }
      delete(bracePairs)
    }

    // don't emit deprecation warnings about identifiers like `macro` or `then`
    // when skimming through the source file trying to heal braces
    override def emitIdentifierDeprecationWarnings = false

    override def error(offset: Offset, msg: String) {}
  }
}

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