alvinalexander.com | career | drupal | java | mac | mysql | perl | scala | uml | unix  

Java example source code file (RungeKuttaIntegrator.java)

This example Java source code file (RungeKuttaIntegrator.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

abstractintegrator, dimensionmismatchexception, expandablestatefulode, firstorderdifferentialequations, maxcountexceededexception, nobracketingexception, numberistoosmallexception, override, rungekuttaintegrator, rungekuttastepinterpolator, string

The RungeKuttaIntegrator.java Java example source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.math3.ode.nonstiff;


import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.DimensionMismatchException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.MaxCountExceededException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.NoBracketingException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.NumberIsTooSmallException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.ode.AbstractIntegrator;
import org.apache.commons.math3.ode.ExpandableStatefulODE;
import org.apache.commons.math3.ode.FirstOrderDifferentialEquations;
import org.apache.commons.math3.util.FastMath;

/**
 * This class implements the common part of all fixed step Runge-Kutta
 * integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
 *
 * <p>These methods are explicit Runge-Kutta methods, their Butcher
 * arrays are as follows :
 * <pre>
 *    0  |
 *   c2  | a21
 *   c3  | a31  a32
 *   ... |        ...
 *   cs  | as1  as2  ...  ass-1
 *       |--------------------------
 *       |  b1   b2  ...   bs-1  bs
 * </pre>
 * </p>
 *
 * @see EulerIntegrator
 * @see ClassicalRungeKuttaIntegrator
 * @see GillIntegrator
 * @see MidpointIntegrator
 * @since 1.2
 */

public abstract class RungeKuttaIntegrator extends AbstractIntegrator {

    /** Time steps from Butcher array (without the first zero). */
    private final double[] c;

    /** Internal weights from Butcher array (without the first empty row). */
    private final double[][] a;

    /** External weights for the high order method from Butcher array. */
    private final double[] b;

    /** Prototype of the step interpolator. */
    private final RungeKuttaStepInterpolator prototype;

    /** Integration step. */
    private final double step;

  /** Simple constructor.
   * Build a Runge-Kutta integrator with the given
   * step. The default step handler does nothing.
   * @param name name of the method
   * @param c time steps from Butcher array (without the first zero)
   * @param a internal weights from Butcher array (without the first empty row)
   * @param b propagation weights for the high order method from Butcher array
   * @param prototype prototype of the step interpolator to use
   * @param step integration step
   */
  protected RungeKuttaIntegrator(final String name,
                                 final double[] c, final double[][] a, final double[] b,
                                 final RungeKuttaStepInterpolator prototype,
                                 final double step) {
    super(name);
    this.c          = c;
    this.a          = a;
    this.b          = b;
    this.prototype  = prototype;
    this.step       = FastMath.abs(step);
  }

  /** {@inheritDoc} */
  @Override
  public void integrate(final ExpandableStatefulODE equations, final double t)
      throws NumberIsTooSmallException, DimensionMismatchException,
             MaxCountExceededException, NoBracketingException {

    sanityChecks(equations, t);
    setEquations(equations);
    final boolean forward = t > equations.getTime();

    // create some internal working arrays
    final double[] y0      = equations.getCompleteState();
    final double[] y       = y0.clone();
    final int stages       = c.length + 1;
    final double[][] yDotK = new double[stages][];
    for (int i = 0; i < stages; ++i) {
      yDotK [i] = new double[y0.length];
    }
    final double[] yTmp    = y0.clone();
    final double[] yDotTmp = new double[y0.length];

    // set up an interpolator sharing the integrator arrays
    final RungeKuttaStepInterpolator interpolator = (RungeKuttaStepInterpolator) prototype.copy();
    interpolator.reinitialize(this, yTmp, yDotK, forward,
                              equations.getPrimaryMapper(), equations.getSecondaryMappers());
    interpolator.storeTime(equations.getTime());

    // set up integration control objects
    stepStart = equations.getTime();
    if (forward) {
        if (stepStart + step >= t) {
            stepSize = t - stepStart;
        } else {
            stepSize = step;
        }
    } else {
        if (stepStart - step <= t) {
            stepSize = t - stepStart;
        } else {
            stepSize = -step;
        }
    }
    initIntegration(equations.getTime(), y0, t);

    // main integration loop
    isLastStep = false;
    do {

      interpolator.shift();

      // first stage
      computeDerivatives(stepStart, y, yDotK[0]);

      // next stages
      for (int k = 1; k < stages; ++k) {

          for (int j = 0; j < y0.length; ++j) {
              double sum = a[k-1][0] * yDotK[0][j];
              for (int l = 1; l < k; ++l) {
                  sum += a[k-1][l] * yDotK[l][j];
              }
              yTmp[j] = y[j] + stepSize * sum;
          }

          computeDerivatives(stepStart + c[k-1] * stepSize, yTmp, yDotK[k]);

      }

      // estimate the state at the end of the step
      for (int j = 0; j < y0.length; ++j) {
          double sum    = b[0] * yDotK[0][j];
          for (int l = 1; l < stages; ++l) {
              sum    += b[l] * yDotK[l][j];
          }
          yTmp[j] = y[j] + stepSize * sum;
      }

      // discrete events handling
      interpolator.storeTime(stepStart + stepSize);
      System.arraycopy(yTmp, 0, y, 0, y0.length);
      System.arraycopy(yDotK[stages - 1], 0, yDotTmp, 0, y0.length);
      stepStart = acceptStep(interpolator, y, yDotTmp, t);

      if (!isLastStep) {

          // prepare next step
          interpolator.storeTime(stepStart);

          // stepsize control for next step
          final double  nextT      = stepStart + stepSize;
          final boolean nextIsLast = forward ? (nextT >= t) : (nextT <= t);
          if (nextIsLast) {
              stepSize = t - stepStart;
          }
      }

    } while (!isLastStep);

    // dispatch results
    equations.setTime(stepStart);
    equations.setCompleteState(y);

    stepStart = Double.NaN;
    stepSize  = Double.NaN;

  }

  /** Fast computation of a single step of ODE integration.
   * <p>This method is intended for the limited use case of
   * very fast computation of only one step without using any of the
   * rich features of general integrators that may take some time
   * to set up (i.e. no step handlers, no events handlers, no additional
   * states, no interpolators, no error control, no evaluations count,
   * no sanity checks ...). It handles the strict minimum of computation,
   * so it can be embedded in outer loops.</p>
   * <p>
   * This method is <em>not used at all by the {@link #integrate(ExpandableStatefulODE, double)}
   * method. It also completely ignores the step set at construction time, and
   * uses only a single step to go from {@code t0} to {@code t}.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * As this method does not use any of the state-dependent features of the integrator,
   * it should be reasonably thread-safe <em>if and only if the provided differential
   * equations are themselves thread-safe.
   * </p>
   * @param equations differential equations to integrate
   * @param t0 initial time
   * @param y0 initial value of the state vector at t0
   * @param t target time for the integration
   * (can be set to a value smaller than {@code t0} for backward integration)
   * @return state vector at {@code t}
   */
  public double[] singleStep(final FirstOrderDifferentialEquations equations,
                             final double t0, final double[] y0, final double t) {

      // create some internal working arrays
      final double[] y       = y0.clone();
      final int stages       = c.length + 1;
      final double[][] yDotK = new double[stages][];
      for (int i = 0; i < stages; ++i) {
          yDotK [i] = new double[y0.length];
      }
      final double[] yTmp    = y0.clone();

      // first stage
      final double h = t - t0;
      equations.computeDerivatives(t0, y, yDotK[0]);

      // next stages
      for (int k = 1; k < stages; ++k) {

          for (int j = 0; j < y0.length; ++j) {
              double sum = a[k-1][0] * yDotK[0][j];
              for (int l = 1; l < k; ++l) {
                  sum += a[k-1][l] * yDotK[l][j];
              }
              yTmp[j] = y[j] + h * sum;
          }

          equations.computeDerivatives(t0 + c[k-1] * h, yTmp, yDotK[k]);

      }

      // estimate the state at the end of the step
      for (int j = 0; j < y0.length; ++j) {
          double sum = b[0] * yDotK[0][j];
          for (int l = 1; l < stages; ++l) {
              sum += b[l] * yDotK[l][j];
          }
          y[j] += h * sum;
      }

      return y;

  }

}

Other Java examples (source code examples)

Here is a short list of links related to this Java RungeKuttaIntegrator.java source code file:

... this post is sponsored by my books ...

#1 New Release!

FP Best Seller

 

new blog posts

 

Copyright 1998-2021 Alvin Alexander, alvinalexander.com
All Rights Reserved.

A percentage of advertising revenue from
pages under the /java/jwarehouse URI on this website is
paid back to open source projects.