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Java example source code file (OptionalBinder.java)

This example Java source code file (OptionalBinder.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Learn more about this Java project at its project page.

Java - Java tags/keywords

actual, annotation, binding, default, java_optional_class, key, method, multibindingstargetvisitor, override, providerinstancebinding, realoptionalbinderproviderwithdependencies, reflection, set, string, suppresswarnings, typeliteral, util

The OptionalBinder.java Java example source code

/**
 * Copyright (C) 2014 Google Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.inject.multibindings;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static com.google.inject.multibindings.Multibinder.checkConfiguration;
import static com.google.inject.util.Types.newParameterizedType;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

import com.google.common.base.Optional;
import com.google.common.base.Throwables;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.inject.Binder;
import com.google.inject.Binding;
import com.google.inject.Inject;
import com.google.inject.Injector;
import com.google.inject.Key;
import com.google.inject.Module;
import com.google.inject.Provider;
import com.google.inject.TypeLiteral;
import com.google.inject.binder.LinkedBindingBuilder;
import com.google.inject.spi.BindingTargetVisitor;
import com.google.inject.spi.Dependency;
import com.google.inject.spi.Element;
import com.google.inject.spi.ProviderInstanceBinding;
import com.google.inject.spi.ProviderLookup;
import com.google.inject.spi.ProviderWithDependencies;
import com.google.inject.spi.ProviderWithExtensionVisitor;
import com.google.inject.spi.Toolable;
import com.google.inject.util.Types;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.inject.Qualifier;


/**
 * An API to bind optional values, optionally with a default value.
 * OptionalBinder fulfills two roles: <ol>
 * <li>It allows a framework to define an injection point that may or
 *     may not be bound by users.
 * <li>It allows a framework to supply a default value that can be changed
 *     by users.
 * </ol>
 * 
 * <p>When an OptionalBinder is added, it will always supply the bindings:
 * {@code Optional<T>} and {@code Optional>}.  If
 * {@link #setBinding} or {@link #setDefault} are called, it will also
 * bind {@code T}.
 * 
 * <p>{@code setDefault} is intended for use by frameworks that need a default
 * value.  User code can call {@code setBinding} to override the default.
 * <b>Warning: Even if setBinding is called, the default binding
 * will still exist in the object graph.  If it is a singleton, it will be
 * instantiated in {@code Stage.PRODUCTION}.</b>
 * 
 * <p>If setDefault or setBinding are linked to Providers, the Provider may return
 * {@code null}.  If it does, the Optional bindings will be absent.  Binding
 * setBinding to a Provider that returns null will not cause OptionalBinder
 * to fall back to the setDefault binding.
 * 
 * <p>If neither setDefault nor setBinding are called, it will try to link to a
 * user-supplied binding of the same type.  If no binding exists, the optionals
 * will be absent.  Otherwise, if a user-supplied binding of that type exists,
 * or if setBinding or setDefault are called, the optionals will return present
 * if they are bound to a non-null value.
 *
 * <p>Values are resolved at injection time. If a value is bound to a
 * provider, that provider's get method will be called each time the optional
 * is injected (unless the binding is also scoped, or an optional of provider is
 * injected).
 * 
 * <p>Annotations are used to create different optionals of the same key/value
 * type. Each distinct annotation gets its own independent binding.
 *  
 * <pre>
 * public class FrameworkModule extends AbstractModule {
 *   protected void configure() {
 *     OptionalBinder.newOptionalBinder(binder(), Renamer.class);
 *   }
 * }</code>
* * <p>With this module, an {@link Optional}{@code } can now be * injected. With no other bindings, the optional will be absent. * Users can specify bindings in one of two ways: * * <p>Option 1: * <pre> * public class UserRenamerModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * bind(Renamer.class).to(ReplacingRenamer.class); * } * }</code> * * <p>or Option 2: * <pre> * public class UserRenamerModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * OptionalBinder.newOptionalBinder(binder(), Renamer.class) * .setBinding().to(ReplacingRenamer.class); * } * }</code> * With both options, the {@code Optional<Renamer>} will be present and supply the * ReplacingRenamer. * * <p>Default values can be supplied using: * <pre> * public class FrameworkModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * OptionalBinder.newOptionalBinder(binder(), Key.get(String.class, LookupUrl.class)) * .setDefault().toInstance(DEFAULT_LOOKUP_URL); * } * }</code> * With the above module, code can inject an {@code @LookupUrl String} and it * will supply the DEFAULT_LOOKUP_URL. A user can change this value by binding * <pre> * public class UserLookupModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * OptionalBinder.newOptionalBinder(binder(), Key.get(String.class, LookupUrl.class)) * .setBinding().toInstance(CUSTOM_LOOKUP_URL); * } * }</code> * ... which will override the default value. * * <p>If one module uses setDefault the only way to override the default is to use setBinding. * It is an error for a user to specify the binding without using OptionalBinder if * setDefault or setBinding are called. For example, * <pre> * public class FrameworkModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * OptionalBinder.newOptionalBinder(binder(), Key.get(String.class, LookupUrl.class)) * .setDefault().toInstance(DEFAULT_LOOKUP_URL); * } * } * public class UserLookupModule extends AbstractModule { * protected void configure() { * bind(Key.get(String.class, LookupUrl.class)).toInstance(CUSTOM_LOOKUP_URL); * } * }</code> * ... would generate an error, because both the framework and the user are trying to bind * {@code @LookupUrl String}. * * @author sameb@google.com (Sam Berlin) * @since 4.0 */ public abstract class OptionalBinder<T> { /* Reflectively capture java 8's Optional types so we can bind them if we're running in java8. */ private static final Class<?> JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS; private static final Method JAVA_EMPTY_METHOD; private static final Method JAVA_OF_NULLABLE_METHOD; static { Class<?> optional = null; Method empty = null; Method ofNullable = null; boolean useJavaOptional = false; try { optional = Class.forName("java.util.Optional"); empty = optional.getDeclaredMethod("empty"); ofNullable = optional.getDeclaredMethod("ofNullable", Object.class); useJavaOptional = true; } catch (ClassNotFoundException ignored) { } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignored) { } catch (SecurityException ignored) { } JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS = useJavaOptional ? optional : null; JAVA_EMPTY_METHOD = useJavaOptional ? empty : null; JAVA_OF_NULLABLE_METHOD = useJavaOptional ? ofNullable : null; } private OptionalBinder() {} public static <T> OptionalBinder newOptionalBinder(Binder binder, Class type) { return newRealOptionalBinder(binder, Key.get(type)); } public static <T> OptionalBinder newOptionalBinder(Binder binder, TypeLiteral type) { return newRealOptionalBinder(binder, Key.get(type)); } public static <T> OptionalBinder newOptionalBinder(Binder binder, Key type) { return newRealOptionalBinder(binder, type); } static <T> RealOptionalBinder newRealOptionalBinder(Binder binder, Key type) { binder = binder.skipSources(OptionalBinder.class, RealOptionalBinder.class); RealOptionalBinder<T> optionalBinder = new RealOptionalBinder(binder, type); binder.install(optionalBinder); return optionalBinder; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static <T> TypeLiteral> optionalOf( TypeLiteral<T> type) { return (TypeLiteral<Optional) TypeLiteral.get( Types.newParameterizedType(Optional.class, type.getType())); } static <T> TypeLiteral javaOptionalOf( TypeLiteral<T> type) { checkState(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null, "java.util.Optional not found"); return TypeLiteral.get(Types.newParameterizedType(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS, type.getType())); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static <T> TypeLiteral>> optionalOfJavaxProvider( TypeLiteral<T> type) { return (TypeLiteral<Optional>) TypeLiteral.get( Types.newParameterizedType(Optional.class, newParameterizedType(javax.inject.Provider.class, type.getType()))); } static <T> TypeLiteral javaOptionalOfJavaxProvider( TypeLiteral<T> type) { checkState(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null, "java.util.Optional not found"); return TypeLiteral.get(Types.newParameterizedType(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS, newParameterizedType(javax.inject.Provider.class, type.getType()))); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static <T> TypeLiteral>> optionalOfProvider(TypeLiteral type) { return (TypeLiteral<Optional>) TypeLiteral.get(Types.newParameterizedType( Optional.class, newParameterizedType(Provider.class, type.getType()))); } static <T> TypeLiteral javaOptionalOfProvider(TypeLiteral type) { checkState(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null, "java.util.Optional not found"); return TypeLiteral.get(Types.newParameterizedType(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS, newParameterizedType(Provider.class, type.getType()))); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static <T> Key> providerOf(Key key) { Type providerT = Types.providerOf(key.getTypeLiteral().getType()); return (Key<Provider) key.ofType(providerT); } /** * Returns a binding builder used to set the default value that will be injected. * The binding set by this method will be ignored if {@link #setBinding} is called. * * <p>It is an error to call this method without also calling one of the {@code to} * methods on the returned binding builder. */ public abstract LinkedBindingBuilder<T> setDefault(); /** * Returns a binding builder used to set the actual value that will be injected. * This overrides any binding set by {@link #setDefault}. * * <p>It is an error to call this method without also calling one of the {@code to} * methods on the returned binding builder. */ public abstract LinkedBindingBuilder<T> setBinding(); enum Source { DEFAULT, ACTUAL } @Retention(RUNTIME) @Qualifier @interface Default { String value(); } @Retention(RUNTIME) @Qualifier @interface Actual { String value(); } /** * The actual OptionalBinder plays several roles. It implements Module to hide that * fact from the public API, and installs the various bindings that are exposed to the user. */ static final class RealOptionalBinder<T> extends OptionalBinder implements Module { private final Key<T> typeKey; private final Key<Optional optionalKey; private final Key<Optional> optionalJavaxProviderKey; private final Key<Optional> optionalProviderKey; private final Provider<Optional> optionalProviderT; private final Key<T> defaultKey; private final Key<T> actualKey; private final Key javaOptionalKey; private final Key javaOptionalJavaxProviderKey; private final Key javaOptionalProviderKey; /** the target injector's binder. non-null until initialization, null afterwards */ private Binder binder; /** the default binding, for the SPI. */ private Binding<T> defaultBinding; /** the actual binding, for the SPI */ private Binding<T> actualBinding; /** the dependencies -- initialized with defaults & overridden when tooled. */ private Set<Dependency dependencies; /** the dependencies -- initialized with defaults & overridden when tooled. */ private Set<Dependency providerDependencies; private RealOptionalBinder(Binder binder, Key<T> typeKey) { this.binder = binder; this.typeKey = checkNotNull(typeKey); TypeLiteral<T> literal = typeKey.getTypeLiteral(); this.optionalKey = typeKey.ofType(optionalOf(literal)); this.optionalJavaxProviderKey = typeKey.ofType(optionalOfJavaxProvider(literal)); this.optionalProviderKey = typeKey.ofType(optionalOfProvider(literal)); this.optionalProviderT = binder.getProvider(optionalProviderKey); String name = RealElement.nameOf(typeKey); this.defaultKey = Key.get(typeKey.getTypeLiteral(), new DefaultImpl(name)); this.actualKey = Key.get(typeKey.getTypeLiteral(), new ActualImpl(name)); // Until the injector initializes us, we don't know what our dependencies are, // so initialize to the whole Injector (like Multibinder, and MapBinder indirectly). this.dependencies = ImmutableSet.<Dependencyof(Dependency.get(Key.get(Injector.class))); this.providerDependencies = ImmutableSet.<Dependencyof(Dependency.get(Key.get(Injector.class))); if (JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null) { this.javaOptionalKey = typeKey.ofType(javaOptionalOf(literal)); this.javaOptionalJavaxProviderKey = typeKey.ofType(javaOptionalOfJavaxProvider(literal)); this.javaOptionalProviderKey = typeKey.ofType(javaOptionalOfProvider(literal)); } else { this.javaOptionalKey = null; this.javaOptionalJavaxProviderKey = null; this.javaOptionalProviderKey = null; } } /** * Adds a binding for T. Multiple calls to this are safe, and will be collapsed as duplicate * bindings. */ private void addDirectTypeBinding(Binder binder) { binder.bind(typeKey).toProvider(new RealDirectTypeProvider()); } Key<T> getKeyForDefaultBinding() { checkConfiguration(!isInitialized(), "already initialized"); addDirectTypeBinding(binder); return defaultKey; } @Override public LinkedBindingBuilder<T> setDefault() { return binder.bind(getKeyForDefaultBinding()); } Key<T> getKeyForActualBinding() { checkConfiguration(!isInitialized(), "already initialized"); addDirectTypeBinding(binder); return actualKey; } @Override public LinkedBindingBuilder<T> setBinding() { return binder.bind(getKeyForActualBinding()); } @Override public void configure(Binder binder) { checkConfiguration(!isInitialized(), "OptionalBinder was already initialized"); binder.bind(optionalProviderKey).toProvider(new RealOptionalProviderProvider()); // Optional is immutable, so it's safe to expose Optional<Provider as // Optional<javax.inject.Provider (since Guice provider implements javax Provider). @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "cast"}) Key massagedOptionalProviderKey = (Key) optionalProviderKey; binder.bind(optionalJavaxProviderKey).to(massagedOptionalProviderKey); binder.bind(optionalKey).toProvider(new RealOptionalKeyProvider()); // Bind the java-8 types if we know them. bindJava8Optional(binder); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private void bindJava8Optional(Binder binder) { if (JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null) { binder.bind(javaOptionalKey).toProvider(new JavaOptionalProvider()); binder.bind(javaOptionalProviderKey).toProvider(new JavaOptionalProviderProvider()); // for the javax version we reuse the guice version since they're type-compatible. binder.bind(javaOptionalJavaxProviderKey).to(javaOptionalProviderKey); } } @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") final class JavaOptionalProvider extends RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies implements ProviderWithExtensionVisitor, OptionalBinderBinding { private JavaOptionalProvider() { super(typeKey); } @Override public Object get() { Optional<Provider optional = optionalProviderT.get(); try { if (optional.isPresent()) { return JAVA_OF_NULLABLE_METHOD.invoke(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS, optional.get().get()); } else { return JAVA_EMPTY_METHOD.invoke(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS); } } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { throw new SecurityException(e); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw new IllegalStateException(e); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { throw Throwables.propagate(e.getCause()); } } @Override public Set<Dependency getDependencies() { return dependencies; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public Object acceptExtensionVisitor(BindingTargetVisitor visitor, ProviderInstanceBinding binding) { if (visitor instanceof MultibindingsTargetVisitor) { return ((MultibindingsTargetVisitor) visitor).visit(this); } else { return visitor.visit(binding); } } @Override public boolean containsElement(Element element) { return RealOptionalBinder.this.containsElement(element); } @Override public Binding getActualBinding() { return RealOptionalBinder.this.getActualBinding(); } @Override public Binding getDefaultBinding() { return RealOptionalBinder.this.getDefaultBinding(); } @Override public Key getKey() { return javaOptionalKey; } } @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") final class JavaOptionalProviderProvider extends RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies { private JavaOptionalProviderProvider() { super(typeKey); } @Override public Object get() { Optional<Provider optional = optionalProviderT.get(); try { if (optional.isPresent()) { return JAVA_OF_NULLABLE_METHOD.invoke(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS, optional.get()); } else { return JAVA_EMPTY_METHOD.invoke(JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS); } } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { throw new SecurityException(e); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw new IllegalStateException(e); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { throw Throwables.propagate(e.getCause()); } } @Override public Set<Dependency getDependencies() { return providerDependencies; } } final class RealDirectTypeProvider extends RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies<T> { private RealDirectTypeProvider() { super(typeKey); } @Override public T get() { Optional<Provider optional = optionalProviderT.get(); if (optional.isPresent()) { return optional.get().get(); } // Let Guice handle blowing up if the injection point doesn't have @Nullable // (If it does have @Nullable, that's fine. This would only happen if // setBinding/setDefault themselves were bound to 'null'). return null; } @Override public Set<Dependency getDependencies() { return dependencies; } } final class RealOptionalProviderProvider extends RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies<Optional> { private Optional<Provider optional; private RealOptionalProviderProvider() { super(typeKey); } @Toolable @Inject void initialize(Injector injector) { RealOptionalBinder.this.binder = null; actualBinding = injector.getExistingBinding(actualKey); defaultBinding = injector.getExistingBinding(defaultKey); Binding<T> userBinding = injector.getExistingBinding(typeKey); Binding<T> binding = null; if (actualBinding != null) { // TODO(sameb): Consider exposing an option that will allow // ACTUAL to fallback to DEFAULT if ACTUAL's provider returns null. // Right now, an ACTUAL binding can convert from present -> absent // if it's bound to a provider that returns null. binding = actualBinding; } else if (defaultBinding != null) { binding = defaultBinding; } else if (userBinding != null) { // If neither the actual or default is set, then we fallback // to the value bound to the type itself and consider that the // "actual binding" for the SPI. binding = userBinding; actualBinding = userBinding; } if (binding != null) { optional = Optional.of(binding.getProvider()); RealOptionalBinder.this.dependencies = ImmutableSet.<Dependencyof(Dependency.get(binding.getKey())); RealOptionalBinder.this.providerDependencies = ImmutableSet.<Dependencyof(Dependency.get(providerOf(binding.getKey()))); } else { optional = Optional.absent(); RealOptionalBinder.this.dependencies = ImmutableSet.of(); RealOptionalBinder.this.providerDependencies = ImmutableSet.of(); } } @Override public Optional<Provider get() { return optional; } @Override public Set<Dependency getDependencies() { return providerDependencies; } } final class RealOptionalKeyProvider extends RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies<Optional implements ProviderWithExtensionVisitor<Optional, OptionalBinderBinding<Optional, Provider<Optional { private RealOptionalKeyProvider() { super(typeKey); } @Override public Optional<T> get() { Optional<Provider optional = optionalProviderT.get(); if (optional.isPresent()) { return Optional.fromNullable(optional.get().get()); } else { return Optional.absent(); } } @Override public Set<Dependency getDependencies() { return dependencies; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public <B, R> R acceptExtensionVisitor(BindingTargetVisitor visitor, ProviderInstanceBinding<? extends B> binding) { if (visitor instanceof MultibindingsTargetVisitor) { return ((MultibindingsTargetVisitor<Optional) visitor).visit(this); } else { return visitor.visit(binding); } } @Override public Key<Optional getKey() { return optionalKey; } @Override public Binding<?> getActualBinding() { return RealOptionalBinder.this.getActualBinding(); } @Override public Binding<?> getDefaultBinding() { return RealOptionalBinder.this.getDefaultBinding(); } @Override public boolean containsElement(Element element) { return RealOptionalBinder.this.containsElement(element); } } private Binding<?> getActualBinding() { if (isInitialized()) { return actualBinding; } else { throw new UnsupportedOperationException( "getActualBinding() not supported from Elements.getElements, requires an Injector."); } } private Binding<?> getDefaultBinding() { if (isInitialized()) { return defaultBinding; } else { throw new UnsupportedOperationException( "getDefaultBinding() not supported from Elements.getElements, requires an Injector."); } } private boolean containsElement(Element element) { Key<?> elementKey; if (element instanceof Binding) { elementKey = ((Binding<?>) element).getKey(); } else if (element instanceof ProviderLookup) { elementKey = ((ProviderLookup<?>) element).getKey(); } else { return false; // cannot match; } return elementKey.equals(optionalKey) || elementKey.equals(optionalProviderKey) || elementKey.equals(optionalJavaxProviderKey) || elementKey.equals(defaultKey) || elementKey.equals(actualKey) || matchesJ8Keys(elementKey) || matchesTypeKey(element, elementKey); } private boolean matchesJ8Keys(Key<?> elementKey) { if (JAVA_OPTIONAL_CLASS != null) { return elementKey.equals(javaOptionalKey) || elementKey.equals(javaOptionalProviderKey) || elementKey.equals(javaOptionalJavaxProviderKey); } return false; } /** Returns true if the key & element indicate they were bound by this OptionalBinder. */ private boolean matchesTypeKey(Element element, Key<?> elementKey) { // Just doing .equals(typeKey) isn't enough, because the user can bind that themselves. return elementKey.equals(typeKey) && element instanceof ProviderInstanceBinding && (((ProviderInstanceBinding) element) .getUserSuppliedProvider() instanceof RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies); } private boolean isInitialized() { return binder == null; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { return o instanceof RealOptionalBinder && ((RealOptionalBinder<?>) o).typeKey.equals(typeKey); } @Override public int hashCode() { return typeKey.hashCode(); } /** * A base class for ProviderWithDependencies that need equality based on a specific object. */ private abstract static class RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies<T> implements ProviderWithDependencies<T> { private final Object equality; public RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies(Object equality) { this.equality = equality; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { return obj != null && this.getClass() == obj.getClass() && equality.equals(((RealOptionalBinderProviderWithDependencies<?>) obj).equality); } @Override public int hashCode() { return equality.hashCode(); } } } static class DefaultImpl extends BaseAnnotation implements Default { public DefaultImpl(String value) { super(Default.class, value); } } static class ActualImpl extends BaseAnnotation implements Actual { public ActualImpl(String value) { super(Actual.class, value); } } abstract static class BaseAnnotation implements Serializable, Annotation { private final String value; private final Class<? extends Annotation> clazz; BaseAnnotation(Class<? extends Annotation> clazz, String value) { this.clazz = checkNotNull(clazz, "clazz"); this.value = checkNotNull(value, "value"); } public String value() { return this.value; } @Override public int hashCode() { // This is specified in java.lang.Annotation. return (127 * "value".hashCode()) ^ value.hashCode(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { // We check against each annotation type instead of BaseAnnotation // so that we can compare against generated annotation implementations. if (o instanceof Actual && clazz == Actual.class) { Actual other = (Actual) o; return value.equals(other.value()); } else if (o instanceof Default && clazz == Default.class) { Default other = (Default) o; return value.equals(other.value()); } return false; } @Override public String toString() { return "@" + clazz.getName() + (value.isEmpty() ? "" : "(value=" + value + ")"); } @Override public Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType() { return clazz; } private static final long serialVersionUID = 0; } }

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