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Hibernate example source code file (HbmBinder.java)

This example Hibernate source code file (HbmBinder.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Hibernate tags/keywords

attribute, attribute, collection, collectiontype, element, element, iterator, mappingexception, mappingexception, mappings, persistentclass, simplevalue, string, string, util

The Hibernate HbmBinder.java source code

/*
 * Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010, Red Hat Inc. or third-party contributors as
 * indicated by the @author tags or express copyright attribution
 * statements applied by the authors.  All third-party contributions are
 * distributed under license by Red Hat Inc.
 *
 * This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use, modify,
 * copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
 * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with this distribution; if not, write to:
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor
 * Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */
package org.hibernate.cfg;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.jboss.logging.Logger;

import org.hibernate.CacheMode;
import org.hibernate.EntityMode;
import org.hibernate.FetchMode;
import org.hibernate.FlushMode;
import org.hibernate.MappingException;
import org.hibernate.engine.internal.Versioning;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecuteUpdateResultCheckStyle;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.FilterDefinition;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.NamedQueryDefinition;
import org.hibernate.id.PersistentIdentifierGenerator;
import org.hibernate.internal.CoreMessageLogger;
import org.hibernate.internal.util.ReflectHelper;
import org.hibernate.internal.util.StringHelper;
import org.hibernate.internal.util.collections.JoinedIterator;
import org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.XmlDocument;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Any;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Array;
import org.hibernate.mapping.AuxiliaryDatabaseObject;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Backref;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Bag;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Collection;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Column;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Component;
import org.hibernate.mapping.DependantValue;
import org.hibernate.mapping.FetchProfile;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Fetchable;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Filterable;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Formula;
import org.hibernate.mapping.IdentifierBag;
import org.hibernate.mapping.IdentifierCollection;
import org.hibernate.mapping.IndexBackref;
import org.hibernate.mapping.IndexedCollection;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Join;
import org.hibernate.mapping.JoinedSubclass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.KeyValue;
import org.hibernate.mapping.List;
import org.hibernate.mapping.ManyToOne;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Map;
import org.hibernate.mapping.MetaAttribute;
import org.hibernate.mapping.MetadataSource;
import org.hibernate.mapping.OneToMany;
import org.hibernate.mapping.OneToOne;
import org.hibernate.mapping.PersistentClass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.PrimitiveArray;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Property;
import org.hibernate.mapping.PropertyGeneration;
import org.hibernate.mapping.RootClass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Selectable;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Set;
import org.hibernate.mapping.SimpleAuxiliaryDatabaseObject;
import org.hibernate.mapping.SimpleValue;
import org.hibernate.mapping.SingleTableSubclass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Subclass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Table;
import org.hibernate.mapping.ToOne;
import org.hibernate.mapping.TypeDef;
import org.hibernate.mapping.UnionSubclass;
import org.hibernate.mapping.UniqueKey;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Value;
import org.hibernate.persister.entity.JoinedSubclassEntityPersister;
import org.hibernate.persister.entity.SingleTableEntityPersister;
import org.hibernate.persister.entity.UnionSubclassEntityPersister;
import org.hibernate.type.DiscriminatorType;
import org.hibernate.type.ForeignKeyDirection;
import org.hibernate.type.Type;

/**
 * Walks an XML mapping document and produces the Hibernate configuration-time metamodel (the
 * classes in the <tt>mapping package)
 *
 * @author Gavin King
 */
public final class HbmBinder {

    private static final CoreMessageLogger LOG = Logger.getMessageLogger(CoreMessageLogger.class, HbmBinder.class.getName());

	/**
	 * Private constructor to disallow instantiation.
	 */
	private HbmBinder() {
	}

	/**
	 * The main contract into the hbm.xml-based binder. Performs necessary binding operations
	 * represented by the given DOM.
	 *
	 * @param metadataXml The DOM to be parsed and bound.
	 * @param mappings Current bind state.
	 * @param inheritedMetas Any inherited meta-tag information.
	 * @param entityNames Any state
	 *
	 * @throws MappingException
	 */
	public static void bindRoot(
			XmlDocument metadataXml,
			Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas,
			java.util.Set<String> entityNames) throws MappingException {

		final Document doc = metadataXml.getDocumentTree();
		final Element hibernateMappingElement = doc.getRootElement();

		java.util.List<String> names = HbmBinder.getExtendsNeeded( metadataXml, mappings );
		if ( !names.isEmpty() ) {
			// classes mentioned in extends not available - so put it in queue
			Attribute packageAttribute = hibernateMappingElement.attribute( "package" );
			String packageName = packageAttribute == null ? null : packageAttribute.getValue();
			for ( String name : names ) {
				mappings.addToExtendsQueue( new ExtendsQueueEntry( name, packageName, metadataXml, entityNames ) );
			}
			return;
		}

		// get meta's from <hibernate-mapping>
		inheritedMetas = getMetas( hibernateMappingElement, inheritedMetas, true );
		extractRootAttributes( hibernateMappingElement, mappings );

		Iterator rootChildren = hibernateMappingElement.elementIterator();
		while ( rootChildren.hasNext() ) {
			final Element element = (Element) rootChildren.next();
			final String elementName = element.getName();

			if ( "filter-def".equals( elementName ) ) {
				parseFilterDef( element, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "fetch-profile".equals( elementName ) ) {
				parseFetchProfile( element, mappings, null );
			}
			else if ( "identifier-generator".equals( elementName ) ) {
				parseIdentifierGeneratorRegistration( element, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "typedef".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindTypeDef( element, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "class".equals( elementName ) ) {
				RootClass rootclass = new RootClass();
				bindRootClass( element, rootclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				mappings.addClass( rootclass );
			}
			else if ( "subclass".equals( elementName ) ) {
				PersistentClass superModel = getSuperclass( mappings, element );
				handleSubclass( superModel, mappings, element, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "joined-subclass".equals( elementName ) ) {
				PersistentClass superModel = getSuperclass( mappings, element );
				handleJoinedSubclass( superModel, mappings, element, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "union-subclass".equals( elementName ) ) {
				PersistentClass superModel = getSuperclass( mappings, element );
				handleUnionSubclass( superModel, mappings, element, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "query".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindNamedQuery( element, null, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "sql-query".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindNamedSQLQuery( element, null, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "resultset".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindResultSetMappingDefinition( element, null, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "import".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindImport( element, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "database-object".equals( elementName ) ) {
				bindAuxiliaryDatabaseObject( element, mappings );
			}
		}
	}

	private static void parseIdentifierGeneratorRegistration(Element element, Mappings mappings) {
		String strategy = element.attributeValue( "name" );
		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty( strategy ) ) {
			throw new MappingException( "'name' attribute expected for identifier-generator elements" );
		}
		String generatorClassName = element.attributeValue( "class" );
		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty( generatorClassName ) ) {
			throw new MappingException( "'class' attribute expected for identifier-generator [identifier-generator@name=" + strategy + "]" );
		}

		try {
			Class generatorClass = ReflectHelper.classForName( generatorClassName );
			mappings.getIdentifierGeneratorFactory().register( strategy, generatorClass );
		}
		catch ( ClassNotFoundException e ) {
			throw new MappingException( "Unable to locate identifier-generator class [name=" + strategy + ", class=" + generatorClassName + "]" );
		}

	}

	private static void bindImport(Element importNode, Mappings mappings) {
		String className = getClassName( importNode.attribute( "class" ), mappings );
		Attribute renameNode = importNode.attribute( "rename" );
		String rename = ( renameNode == null ) ?
						StringHelper.unqualify( className ) :
						renameNode.getValue();
        LOG.debugf("Import: %s -> %s", rename, className);
		mappings.addImport( className, rename );
	}

	private static void bindTypeDef(Element typedefNode, Mappings mappings) {
		String typeClass = typedefNode.attributeValue( "class" );
		String typeName = typedefNode.attributeValue( "name" );
		Iterator paramIter = typedefNode.elementIterator( "param" );
		Properties parameters = new Properties();
		while ( paramIter.hasNext() ) {
			Element param = (Element) paramIter.next();
			parameters.setProperty( param.attributeValue( "name" ), param.getTextTrim() );
		}
		mappings.addTypeDef( typeName, typeClass, parameters );
	}

	private static void bindAuxiliaryDatabaseObject(Element auxDbObjectNode, Mappings mappings) {
		AuxiliaryDatabaseObject auxDbObject = null;
		Element definitionNode = auxDbObjectNode.element( "definition" );
		if ( definitionNode != null ) {
			try {
				auxDbObject = ( AuxiliaryDatabaseObject ) ReflectHelper
						.classForName( definitionNode.attributeValue( "class" ) )
						.newInstance();
			}
			catch( ClassNotFoundException e ) {
				throw new MappingException(
						"could not locate custom database object class [" +
						definitionNode.attributeValue( "class" ) + "]"
					);
			}
			catch( Throwable t ) {
				throw new MappingException(
						"could not instantiate custom database object class [" +
						definitionNode.attributeValue( "class" ) + "]"
					);
			}
		}
		else {
			auxDbObject = new SimpleAuxiliaryDatabaseObject(
					auxDbObjectNode.elementTextTrim( "create" ),
					auxDbObjectNode.elementTextTrim( "drop" )
				);
		}

		Iterator dialectScopings = auxDbObjectNode.elementIterator( "dialect-scope" );
		while ( dialectScopings.hasNext() ) {
			Element dialectScoping = ( Element ) dialectScopings.next();
			auxDbObject.addDialectScope( dialectScoping.attributeValue( "name" ) );
		}

		mappings.addAuxiliaryDatabaseObject( auxDbObject );
	}

	private static void extractRootAttributes(Element hmNode, Mappings mappings) {
		Attribute schemaNode = hmNode.attribute( "schema" );
		mappings.setSchemaName( ( schemaNode == null ) ? null : schemaNode.getValue() );

		Attribute catalogNode = hmNode.attribute( "catalog" );
		mappings.setCatalogName( ( catalogNode == null ) ? null : catalogNode.getValue() );

		Attribute dcNode = hmNode.attribute( "default-cascade" );
		mappings.setDefaultCascade( ( dcNode == null ) ? "none" : dcNode.getValue() );

		Attribute daNode = hmNode.attribute( "default-access" );
		mappings.setDefaultAccess( ( daNode == null ) ? "property" : daNode.getValue() );

		Attribute dlNode = hmNode.attribute( "default-lazy" );
		mappings.setDefaultLazy( dlNode == null || dlNode.getValue().equals( "true" ) );

		Attribute aiNode = hmNode.attribute( "auto-import" );
		mappings.setAutoImport( ( aiNode == null ) || "true".equals( aiNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute packNode = hmNode.attribute( "package" );
		if ( packNode != null ) mappings.setDefaultPackage( packNode.getValue() );
	}

	/**
	 * Responsible for perfoming the bind operation related to an <class/> mapping element.
	 *
	 * @param node The DOM Element for the <class/> element.
	 * @param rootClass The mapping instance to which to bind the information.
	 * @param mappings The current bind state.
	 * @param inheritedMetas Any inherited meta-tag information.
	 * @throws MappingException
	 */
	public static void bindRootClass(Element node, RootClass rootClass, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		bindClass( node, rootClass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		inheritedMetas = getMetas( node, inheritedMetas, true ); // get meta's from <class>
		bindRootPersistentClassCommonValues( node, inheritedMetas, mappings, rootClass );
	}

	private static void bindRootPersistentClassCommonValues(Element node,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas, Mappings mappings, RootClass entity)
			throws MappingException {

		// DB-OBJECTNAME

		Attribute schemaNode = node.attribute( "schema" );
		String schema = schemaNode == null ?
				mappings.getSchemaName() : schemaNode.getValue();

		Attribute catalogNode = node.attribute( "catalog" );
		String catalog = catalogNode == null ?
				mappings.getCatalogName() : catalogNode.getValue();

		Table table = mappings.addTable(
				schema,
				catalog,
				getClassTableName( entity, node, schema, catalog, null, mappings ),
				getSubselect( node ),
		        entity.isAbstract() != null && entity.isAbstract().booleanValue()
			);
		entity.setTable( table );
		bindComment(table, node);

        LOG.debugf( "Mapping class: %s -> %s", entity.getEntityName(), entity.getTable().getName() );

		// MUTABLE
		Attribute mutableNode = node.attribute( "mutable" );
		entity.setMutable( ( mutableNode == null ) || mutableNode.getValue().equals( "true" ) );

		// WHERE
		Attribute whereNode = node.attribute( "where" );
		if ( whereNode != null ) entity.setWhere( whereNode.getValue() );

		// CHECK
		Attribute chNode = node.attribute( "check" );
		if ( chNode != null ) table.addCheckConstraint( chNode.getValue() );

		// POLYMORPHISM
		Attribute polyNode = node.attribute( "polymorphism" );
		entity.setExplicitPolymorphism( ( polyNode != null )
			&& polyNode.getValue().equals( "explicit" ) );

		// ROW ID
		Attribute rowidNode = node.attribute( "rowid" );
		if ( rowidNode != null ) table.setRowId( rowidNode.getValue() );

		Iterator subnodes = node.elementIterator();
		while ( subnodes.hasNext() ) {

			Element subnode = (Element) subnodes.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();

			if ( "id".equals( name ) ) {
				// ID
				bindSimpleId( subnode, entity, mappings, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "composite-id".equals( name ) ) {
				// COMPOSITE-ID
				bindCompositeId( subnode, entity, mappings, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "version".equals( name ) || "timestamp".equals( name ) ) {
				// VERSION / TIMESTAMP
				bindVersioningProperty( table, subnode, mappings, name, entity, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "discriminator".equals( name ) ) {
				// DISCRIMINATOR
				bindDiscriminatorProperty( table, entity, subnode, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "cache".equals( name ) ) {
				entity.setCacheConcurrencyStrategy( subnode.attributeValue( "usage" ) );
				entity.setCacheRegionName( subnode.attributeValue( "region" ) );
				entity.setLazyPropertiesCacheable( !"non-lazy".equals( subnode.attributeValue( "include" ) ) );
			}

		}

		// Primary key constraint
		entity.createPrimaryKey();

		createClassProperties( node, entity, mappings, inheritedMetas );
	}

	private static void bindSimpleId(Element idNode, RootClass entity, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		String propertyName = idNode.attributeValue( "name" );

		SimpleValue id = new SimpleValue( mappings, entity.getTable() );
		entity.setIdentifier( id );

		// if ( propertyName == null || entity.getPojoRepresentation() == null ) {
		// bindSimpleValue( idNode, id, false, RootClass.DEFAULT_IDENTIFIER_COLUMN_NAME, mappings );
		// if ( !id.isTypeSpecified() ) {
		// throw new MappingException( "must specify an identifier type: " + entity.getEntityName()
		// );
		// }
		// }
		// else {
		// bindSimpleValue( idNode, id, false, propertyName, mappings );
		// PojoRepresentation pojo = entity.getPojoRepresentation();
		// id.setTypeUsingReflection( pojo.getClassName(), propertyName );
		//
		// Property prop = new Property();
		// prop.setValue( id );
		// bindProperty( idNode, prop, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		// entity.setIdentifierProperty( prop );
		// }

		if ( propertyName == null ) {
			bindSimpleValue( idNode, id, false, RootClass.DEFAULT_IDENTIFIER_COLUMN_NAME, mappings );
		}
		else {
			bindSimpleValue( idNode, id, false, propertyName, mappings );
		}

		if ( propertyName == null || !entity.hasPojoRepresentation() ) {
			if ( !id.isTypeSpecified() ) {
				throw new MappingException( "must specify an identifier type: "
					+ entity.getEntityName() );
			}
		}
		else {
			id.setTypeUsingReflection( entity.getClassName(), propertyName );
		}

		if ( propertyName != null ) {
			Property prop = new Property();
			prop.setValue( id );
			bindProperty( idNode, prop, mappings, inheritedMetas );
			entity.setIdentifierProperty( prop );
		}

		// TODO:
		/*
		 * if ( id.getHibernateType().getReturnedClass().isArray() ) throw new MappingException(
		 * "illegal use of an array as an identifier (arrays don't reimplement equals)" );
		 */
		makeIdentifier( idNode, id, mappings );
	}

	private static void bindCompositeId(Element idNode, RootClass entity, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		String propertyName = idNode.attributeValue( "name" );
		Component id = new Component( mappings, entity );
		entity.setIdentifier( id );
		bindCompositeId( idNode, id, entity, propertyName, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		if ( propertyName == null ) {
			entity.setEmbeddedIdentifier( id.isEmbedded() );
			if ( id.isEmbedded() ) {
				// todo : what is the implication of this?
				id.setDynamic( !entity.hasPojoRepresentation() );
				/*
				 * Property prop = new Property(); prop.setName("id");
				 * prop.setPropertyAccessorName("embedded"); prop.setValue(id);
				 * entity.setIdentifierProperty(prop);
				 */
			}
		}
		else {
			Property prop = new Property();
			prop.setValue( id );
			bindProperty( idNode, prop, mappings, inheritedMetas );
			entity.setIdentifierProperty( prop );
		}

		makeIdentifier( idNode, id, mappings );

	}

	private static void bindVersioningProperty(Table table, Element subnode, Mappings mappings,
			String name, RootClass entity, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {

		String propertyName = subnode.attributeValue( "name" );
		SimpleValue val = new SimpleValue( mappings, table );
		bindSimpleValue( subnode, val, false, propertyName, mappings );
		if ( !val.isTypeSpecified() ) {
			// this is either a <version/> tag with no type attribute,
			// or a <timestamp/> tag
			if ( "version".equals( name ) ) {
				val.setTypeName( "integer" );
			}
			else {
				if ( "db".equals( subnode.attributeValue( "source" ) ) ) {
					val.setTypeName( "dbtimestamp" );
				}
				else {
					val.setTypeName( "timestamp" );
				}
			}
		}
		Property prop = new Property();
		prop.setValue( val );
		bindProperty( subnode, prop, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		// for version properties marked as being generated, make sure they are "always"
		// generated; aka, "insert" is invalid; this is dis-allowed by the DTD,
		// but just to make sure...
		if ( prop.getGeneration() == PropertyGeneration.INSERT ) {
			throw new MappingException( "'generated' attribute cannot be 'insert' for versioning property" );
		}
		makeVersion( subnode, val );
		entity.setVersion( prop );
		entity.addProperty( prop );
	}

	private static void bindDiscriminatorProperty(Table table, RootClass entity, Element subnode,
			Mappings mappings) {
		SimpleValue discrim = new SimpleValue( mappings, table );
		entity.setDiscriminator( discrim );
		bindSimpleValue(
				subnode,
				discrim,
				false,
				RootClass.DEFAULT_DISCRIMINATOR_COLUMN_NAME,
				mappings
			);
		if ( !discrim.isTypeSpecified() ) {
			discrim.setTypeName( "string" );
			// ( (Column) discrim.getColumnIterator().next() ).setType(type);
		}
		entity.setPolymorphic( true );
		if ( "true".equals( subnode.attributeValue( "force" ) ) )
			entity.setForceDiscriminator( true );
		if ( "false".equals( subnode.attributeValue( "insert" ) ) )
			entity.setDiscriminatorInsertable( false );
	}

	public static void bindClass(Element node, PersistentClass persistentClass, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		// transfer an explicitly defined entity name
		// handle the lazy attribute
		Attribute lazyNode = node.attribute( "lazy" );
		boolean lazy = lazyNode == null ?
				mappings.isDefaultLazy() :
				"true".equals( lazyNode.getValue() );
		// go ahead and set the lazy here, since pojo.proxy can override it.
		persistentClass.setLazy( lazy );

		String entityName = node.attributeValue( "entity-name" );
		if ( entityName == null ) entityName = getClassName( node.attribute("name"), mappings );
		if ( entityName==null ) {
			throw new MappingException( "Unable to determine entity name" );
		}
		persistentClass.setEntityName( entityName );

		bindPojoRepresentation( node, persistentClass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		bindDom4jRepresentation( node, persistentClass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		bindMapRepresentation( node, persistentClass, mappings, inheritedMetas );

		Iterator itr = node.elementIterator( "fetch-profile" );
		while ( itr.hasNext() ) {
			final Element profileElement = ( Element ) itr.next();
			parseFetchProfile( profileElement, mappings, entityName );
		}

		bindPersistentClassCommonValues( node, persistentClass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
	}

	private static void bindPojoRepresentation(Element node, PersistentClass entity,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map metaTags) {

		String className = getClassName( node.attribute( "name" ), mappings );
		String proxyName = getClassName( node.attribute( "proxy" ), mappings );

		entity.setClassName( className );

		if ( proxyName != null ) {
			entity.setProxyInterfaceName( proxyName );
			entity.setLazy( true );
		}
		else if ( entity.isLazy() ) {
			entity.setProxyInterfaceName( className );
		}

		Element tuplizer = locateTuplizerDefinition( node, EntityMode.POJO );
		if ( tuplizer != null ) {
			entity.addTuplizer( EntityMode.POJO, tuplizer.attributeValue( "class" ) );
		}
	}

	private static void bindDom4jRepresentation(Element node, PersistentClass entity,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
		String nodeName = node.attributeValue( "node" );
		if (nodeName==null) nodeName = StringHelper.unqualify( entity.getEntityName() );
		entity.setNodeName(nodeName);

//		Element tuplizer = locateTuplizerDefinition( node, EntityMode.DOM4J );
//		if ( tuplizer != null ) {
//			entity.addTuplizer( EntityMode.DOM4J, tuplizer.attributeValue( "class" ) );
//		}
	}

	private static void bindMapRepresentation(Element node, PersistentClass entity,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
		Element tuplizer = locateTuplizerDefinition( node, EntityMode.MAP );
		if ( tuplizer != null ) {
			entity.addTuplizer( EntityMode.MAP, tuplizer.attributeValue( "class" ) );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Locate any explicit tuplizer definition in the metadata, for the given entity-mode.
	 *
	 * @param container The containing element (representing the entity/component)
	 * @param entityMode The entity-mode for which to locate the tuplizer element
	 * @return The tuplizer element, or null.
	 */
	private static Element locateTuplizerDefinition(Element container, EntityMode entityMode) {
		Iterator itr = container.elements( "tuplizer" ).iterator();
		while( itr.hasNext() ) {
			final Element tuplizerElem = ( Element ) itr.next();
			if ( entityMode.toString().equals( tuplizerElem.attributeValue( "entity-mode") ) ) {
				return tuplizerElem;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	private static void bindPersistentClassCommonValues(Element node, PersistentClass entity,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		// DISCRIMINATOR
		Attribute discriminatorNode = node.attribute( "discriminator-value" );
		entity.setDiscriminatorValue( ( discriminatorNode == null )
			? entity.getEntityName()
			: discriminatorNode.getValue() );

		// DYNAMIC UPDATE
		Attribute dynamicNode = node.attribute( "dynamic-update" );
		entity.setDynamicUpdate(
				dynamicNode != null && "true".equals( dynamicNode.getValue() )
		);

		// DYNAMIC INSERT
		Attribute insertNode = node.attribute( "dynamic-insert" );
		entity.setDynamicInsert(
				insertNode != null && "true".equals( insertNode.getValue() )
		);

		// IMPORT
		mappings.addImport( entity.getEntityName(), entity.getEntityName() );
		if ( mappings.isAutoImport() && entity.getEntityName().indexOf( '.' ) > 0 ) {
			mappings.addImport(
					entity.getEntityName(),
					StringHelper.unqualify( entity.getEntityName() )
				);
		}

		// BATCH SIZE
		Attribute batchNode = node.attribute( "batch-size" );
		if ( batchNode != null ) entity.setBatchSize( Integer.parseInt( batchNode.getValue() ) );

		// SELECT BEFORE UPDATE
		Attribute sbuNode = node.attribute( "select-before-update" );
		if ( sbuNode != null ) entity.setSelectBeforeUpdate( "true".equals( sbuNode.getValue() ) );

		// OPTIMISTIC LOCK MODE
		Attribute olNode = node.attribute( "optimistic-lock" );
		entity.setOptimisticLockMode( getOptimisticLockMode( olNode ) );

		entity.setMetaAttributes( getMetas( node, inheritedMetas ) );

		// PERSISTER
		Attribute persisterNode = node.attribute( "persister" );
		if ( persisterNode != null ) {
			try {
				entity.setEntityPersisterClass( ReflectHelper.classForName(
						persisterNode
								.getValue()
				) );
			}
			catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
				throw new MappingException( "Could not find persister class: "
					+ persisterNode.getValue() );
			}
		}

		// CUSTOM SQL
		handleCustomSQL( node, entity );

		Iterator tables = node.elementIterator( "synchronize" );
		while ( tables.hasNext() ) {
			entity.addSynchronizedTable( ( (Element) tables.next() ).attributeValue( "table" ) );
		}

		Attribute abstractNode = node.attribute( "abstract" );
		Boolean isAbstract = abstractNode == null
				? null
		        : "true".equals( abstractNode.getValue() )
						? Boolean.TRUE
	                    : "false".equals( abstractNode.getValue() )
								? Boolean.FALSE
	                            : null;
		entity.setAbstract( isAbstract );
	}

	private static void handleCustomSQL(Element node, PersistentClass model)
			throws MappingException {
		Element element = node.element( "sql-insert" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLInsert( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-delete" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLDelete( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-update" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLUpdate( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "loader" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			model.setLoaderName( element.attributeValue( "query-ref" ) );
		}
	}

	private static void handleCustomSQL(Element node, Join model) throws MappingException {
		Element element = node.element( "sql-insert" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLInsert( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-delete" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLDelete( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-update" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element );
			model.setCustomSQLUpdate( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}
	}

	private static void handleCustomSQL(Element node, Collection model) throws MappingException {
		Element element = node.element( "sql-insert" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element, true );
			model.setCustomSQLInsert( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-delete" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element, true );
			model.setCustomSQLDelete( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-update" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element, true );
			model.setCustomSQLUpdate( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}

		element = node.element( "sql-delete-all" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			boolean callable = isCallable( element, true );
			model.setCustomSQLDeleteAll( element.getTextTrim(), callable, getResultCheckStyle( element, callable ) );
		}
	}

	private static boolean isCallable(Element e) throws MappingException {
		return isCallable( e, true );
	}

	private static boolean isCallable(Element element, boolean supportsCallable)
			throws MappingException {
		Attribute attrib = element.attribute( "callable" );
		if ( attrib != null && "true".equals( attrib.getValue() ) ) {
			if ( !supportsCallable ) {
				throw new MappingException( "callable attribute not supported yet!" );
			}
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	private static ExecuteUpdateResultCheckStyle getResultCheckStyle(Element element, boolean callable) throws MappingException {
		Attribute attr = element.attribute( "check" );
		if ( attr == null ) {
			// use COUNT as the default.  This mimics the old behavior, although
			// NONE might be a better option moving forward in the case of callable
			return ExecuteUpdateResultCheckStyle.COUNT;
		}
		return ExecuteUpdateResultCheckStyle.fromExternalName( attr.getValue() );
	}

	public static void bindUnionSubclass(Element node, UnionSubclass unionSubclass,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindClass( node, unionSubclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		inheritedMetas = getMetas( node, inheritedMetas, true ); // get meta's from <subclass>

		if ( unionSubclass.getEntityPersisterClass() == null ) {
			unionSubclass.getRootClass().setEntityPersisterClass(
				UnionSubclassEntityPersister.class );
		}

		Attribute schemaNode = node.attribute( "schema" );
		String schema = schemaNode == null ?
				mappings.getSchemaName() : schemaNode.getValue();

		Attribute catalogNode = node.attribute( "catalog" );
		String catalog = catalogNode == null ?
				mappings.getCatalogName() : catalogNode.getValue();

		Table denormalizedSuperTable = unionSubclass.getSuperclass().getTable();
		Table mytable = mappings.addDenormalizedTable(
				schema,
				catalog,
				getClassTableName(unionSubclass, node, schema, catalog, denormalizedSuperTable, mappings ),
		        unionSubclass.isAbstract() != null && unionSubclass.isAbstract().booleanValue(),
				getSubselect( node ),
				denormalizedSuperTable
			);
		unionSubclass.setTable( mytable );

        LOG.debugf(
				"Mapping union-subclass: %s -> %s", unionSubclass.getEntityName(), unionSubclass.getTable().getName()
		);

		createClassProperties( node, unionSubclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );

	}

	public static void bindSubclass(Element node, Subclass subclass, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindClass( node, subclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		inheritedMetas = getMetas( node, inheritedMetas, true ); // get meta's from <subclass>

		if ( subclass.getEntityPersisterClass() == null ) {
			subclass.getRootClass()
					.setEntityPersisterClass( SingleTableEntityPersister.class );
		}

        LOG.debugf( "Mapping subclass: %s -> %s", subclass.getEntityName(), subclass.getTable().getName() );

		// properties
		createClassProperties( node, subclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
	}

	private static String getClassTableName(
			PersistentClass model,
			Element node,
			String schema,
			String catalog,
			Table denormalizedSuperTable,
			Mappings mappings) {
		Attribute tableNameNode = node.attribute( "table" );
		String logicalTableName;
		String physicalTableName;
		if ( tableNameNode == null ) {
			logicalTableName = StringHelper.unqualify( model.getEntityName() );
			physicalTableName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().classToTableName( model.getEntityName() );
		}
		else {
			logicalTableName = tableNameNode.getValue();
			physicalTableName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().tableName( logicalTableName );
		}
		mappings.addTableBinding( schema, catalog, logicalTableName, physicalTableName, denormalizedSuperTable );
		return physicalTableName;
	}

	public static void bindJoinedSubclass(Element node, JoinedSubclass joinedSubclass,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindClass( node, joinedSubclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		inheritedMetas = getMetas( node, inheritedMetas, true ); // get meta's from
																	// <joined-subclass>

		// joined subclasses
		if ( joinedSubclass.getEntityPersisterClass() == null ) {
			joinedSubclass.getRootClass()
				.setEntityPersisterClass( JoinedSubclassEntityPersister.class );
		}

		Attribute schemaNode = node.attribute( "schema" );
		String schema = schemaNode == null ?
				mappings.getSchemaName() : schemaNode.getValue();

		Attribute catalogNode = node.attribute( "catalog" );
		String catalog = catalogNode == null ?
				mappings.getCatalogName() : catalogNode.getValue();

		Table mytable = mappings.addTable(
				schema,
				catalog,
				getClassTableName( joinedSubclass, node, schema, catalog, null, mappings ),
				getSubselect( node ),
				false
			);
		joinedSubclass.setTable( mytable );
		bindComment(mytable, node);

        LOG.debugf(
				"Mapping joined-subclass: %s -> %s", joinedSubclass.getEntityName(), joinedSubclass.getTable().getName()
		);

		// KEY
		Element keyNode = node.element( "key" );
		SimpleValue key = new DependantValue( mappings, mytable, joinedSubclass.getIdentifier() );
		joinedSubclass.setKey( key );
		key.setCascadeDeleteEnabled( "cascade".equals( keyNode.attributeValue( "on-delete" ) ) );
		bindSimpleValue( keyNode, key, false, joinedSubclass.getEntityName(), mappings );

		// model.getKey().setType( new Type( model.getIdentifier() ) );
		joinedSubclass.createPrimaryKey();
		joinedSubclass.createForeignKey();

		// CHECK
		Attribute chNode = node.attribute( "check" );
		if ( chNode != null ) mytable.addCheckConstraint( chNode.getValue() );

		// properties
		createClassProperties( node, joinedSubclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );

	}

	private static void bindJoin(Element node, Join join, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		PersistentClass persistentClass = join.getPersistentClass();
		String path = persistentClass.getEntityName();

		// TABLENAME

		Attribute schemaNode = node.attribute( "schema" );
		String schema = schemaNode == null ?
				mappings.getSchemaName() : schemaNode.getValue();
		Attribute catalogNode = node.attribute( "catalog" );
		String catalog = catalogNode == null ?
				mappings.getCatalogName() : catalogNode.getValue();
		Table primaryTable = persistentClass.getTable();
		Table table = mappings.addTable(
				schema,
				catalog,
				getClassTableName( persistentClass, node, schema, catalog, primaryTable, mappings ),
				getSubselect( node ),
				false
			);
		join.setTable( table );
		bindComment(table, node);

		Attribute fetchNode = node.attribute( "fetch" );
		if ( fetchNode != null ) {
			join.setSequentialSelect( "select".equals( fetchNode.getValue() ) );
		}

		Attribute invNode = node.attribute( "inverse" );
		if ( invNode != null ) {
			join.setInverse( "true".equals( invNode.getValue() ) );
		}

		Attribute nullNode = node.attribute( "optional" );
		if ( nullNode != null ) {
			join.setOptional( "true".equals( nullNode.getValue() ) );
		}


        LOG.debugf( "Mapping class join: %s -> %s", persistentClass.getEntityName(), join.getTable().getName() );

		// KEY
		Element keyNode = node.element( "key" );
		SimpleValue key = new DependantValue( mappings, table, persistentClass.getIdentifier() );
		join.setKey( key );
		key.setCascadeDeleteEnabled( "cascade".equals( keyNode.attributeValue( "on-delete" ) ) );
		bindSimpleValue( keyNode, key, false, persistentClass.getEntityName(), mappings );

		// join.getKey().setType( new Type( lazz.getIdentifier() ) );
		join.createPrimaryKey();
		join.createForeignKey();

		// PROPERTIES
		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element subnode = (Element) iter.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();
			String propertyName = subnode.attributeValue( "name" );

			Value value = null;
			if ( "many-to-one".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new ManyToOne( mappings, table );
				bindManyToOne( subnode, (ManyToOne) value, propertyName, true, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "any".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new Any( mappings, table );
				bindAny( subnode, (Any) value, true, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "property".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new SimpleValue( mappings, table );
				bindSimpleValue( subnode, (SimpleValue) value, true, propertyName, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "component".equals( name ) || "dynamic-component".equals( name ) ) {
				String subpath = StringHelper.qualify( path, propertyName );
				value = new Component( mappings, join );
				bindComponent(
						subnode,
						(Component) value,
						join.getPersistentClass().getClassName(),
						propertyName,
						subpath,
						true,
						false,
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas,
						false
					);
			}

			if ( value != null ) {
				Property prop = createProperty( value, propertyName, persistentClass
					.getEntityName(), subnode, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				prop.setOptional( join.isOptional() );
				join.addProperty( prop );
			}

		}

		// CUSTOM SQL
		handleCustomSQL( node, join );

	}

	public static void bindColumns(final Element node, final SimpleValue simpleValue,
			final boolean isNullable, final boolean autoColumn, final String propertyPath,
			final Mappings mappings) throws MappingException {

		Table table = simpleValue.getTable();

		// COLUMN(S)
		Attribute columnAttribute = node.attribute( "column" );
		if ( columnAttribute == null ) {
			Iterator itr = node.elementIterator();
			int count = 0;
			while ( itr.hasNext() ) {
				Element columnElement = (Element) itr.next();
				if ( columnElement.getName().equals( "column" ) ) {
					Column column = new Column();
					column.setValue( simpleValue );
					column.setTypeIndex( count++ );
					bindColumn( columnElement, column, isNullable );
					final String columnName = columnElement.attributeValue( "name" );
					String logicalColumnName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().logicalColumnName(
							columnName, propertyPath
					);
					column.setName( mappings.getNamingStrategy().columnName(
						columnName ) );
					if ( table != null ) {
						table.addColumn( column ); // table=null -> an association
						                           // - fill it in later
						//TODO fill in the mappings for table == null
						mappings.addColumnBinding( logicalColumnName, column, table );
					}


					simpleValue.addColumn( column );
					// column index
					bindIndex( columnElement.attribute( "index" ), table, column, mappings );
					bindIndex( node.attribute( "index" ), table, column, mappings );
					//column unique-key
					bindUniqueKey( columnElement.attribute( "unique-key" ), table, column, mappings );
					bindUniqueKey( node.attribute( "unique-key" ), table, column, mappings );
				}
				else if ( columnElement.getName().equals( "formula" ) ) {
					Formula formula = new Formula();
					formula.setFormula( columnElement.getText() );
					simpleValue.addFormula( formula );
				}
			}

			// todo : another GoodThing would be to go back after all parsing and see if all the columns
			// (and no formulas) are contained in a defined unique key that only contains these columns.
			// That too would mark this as a logical one-to-one
			final Attribute uniqueAttribute = node.attribute( "unique" );
			if ( uniqueAttribute != null
					&& "true".equals( uniqueAttribute.getValue() )
					&& ManyToOne.class.isInstance( simpleValue ) ) {
				( (ManyToOne) simpleValue ).markAsLogicalOneToOne();
			}
		}
		else {
			if ( node.elementIterator( "column" ).hasNext() ) {
				throw new MappingException(
					"column attribute may not be used together with <column> subelement" );
			}
			if ( node.elementIterator( "formula" ).hasNext() ) {
				throw new MappingException(
					"column attribute may not be used together with <formula> subelement" );
			}

			Column column = new Column();
			column.setValue( simpleValue );
			bindColumn( node, column, isNullable );
			if ( column.isUnique() && ManyToOne.class.isInstance( simpleValue ) ) {
				( (ManyToOne) simpleValue ).markAsLogicalOneToOne();
			}
			final String columnName = columnAttribute.getValue();
			String logicalColumnName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().logicalColumnName(
					columnName, propertyPath
			);
			column.setName( mappings.getNamingStrategy().columnName( columnName ) );
			if ( table != null ) {
				table.addColumn( column ); // table=null -> an association - fill
				                           // it in later
				//TODO fill in the mappings for table == null
				mappings.addColumnBinding( logicalColumnName, column, table );
			}
			simpleValue.addColumn( column );
			bindIndex( node.attribute( "index" ), table, column, mappings );
			bindUniqueKey( node.attribute( "unique-key" ), table, column, mappings );
		}

		if ( autoColumn && simpleValue.getColumnSpan() == 0 ) {
			Column column = new Column();
			column.setValue( simpleValue );
			bindColumn( node, column, isNullable );
			column.setName( mappings.getNamingStrategy().propertyToColumnName( propertyPath ) );
			String logicalName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().logicalColumnName( null, propertyPath );
			mappings.addColumnBinding( logicalName, column, table );
			/* TODO: joinKeyColumnName & foreignKeyColumnName should be called either here or at a
			 * slightly higer level in the stack (to get all the information we need)
			 * Right now HbmMetadataSourceProcessorImpl does not support the
			 */
			simpleValue.getTable().addColumn( column );
			simpleValue.addColumn( column );
			bindIndex( node.attribute( "index" ), table, column, mappings );
			bindUniqueKey( node.attribute( "unique-key" ), table, column, mappings );
		}

	}

	private static void bindIndex(Attribute indexAttribute, Table table, Column column, Mappings mappings) {
		if ( indexAttribute != null && table != null ) {
			StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer( indexAttribute.getValue(), ", " );
			while ( tokens.hasMoreTokens() ) {
				table.getOrCreateIndex( tokens.nextToken() ).addColumn( column );
			}
		}
	}

	private static void bindUniqueKey(Attribute uniqueKeyAttribute, Table table, Column column, Mappings mappings) {
		if ( uniqueKeyAttribute != null && table != null ) {
			StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer( uniqueKeyAttribute.getValue(), ", " );
			while ( tokens.hasMoreTokens() ) {
				table.getOrCreateUniqueKey( tokens.nextToken() ).addColumn( column );
			}
		}
	}

	// automatically makes a column with the default name if none is specifed by XML
	public static void bindSimpleValue(Element node, SimpleValue simpleValue, boolean isNullable,
			String path, Mappings mappings) throws MappingException {
		bindSimpleValueType( node, simpleValue, mappings );

		bindColumnsOrFormula( node, simpleValue, path, isNullable, mappings );

		Attribute fkNode = node.attribute( "foreign-key" );
		if ( fkNode != null ) simpleValue.setForeignKeyName( fkNode.getValue() );
	}

	private static void bindSimpleValueType(Element node, SimpleValue simpleValue, Mappings mappings)
			throws MappingException {
		String typeName = null;

		Properties parameters = new Properties();

		Attribute typeNode = node.attribute( "type" );
		if ( typeNode == null ) typeNode = node.attribute( "id-type" ); // for an any
		if ( typeNode != null ) typeName = typeNode.getValue();

		Element typeChild = node.element( "type" );
		if ( typeName == null && typeChild != null ) {
			typeName = typeChild.attribute( "name" ).getValue();
			Iterator typeParameters = typeChild.elementIterator( "param" );

			while ( typeParameters.hasNext() ) {
				Element paramElement = (Element) typeParameters.next();
				parameters.setProperty(
						paramElement.attributeValue( "name" ),
						paramElement.getTextTrim()
					);
			}
		}

		TypeDef typeDef = mappings.getTypeDef( typeName );
		if ( typeDef != null ) {
			typeName = typeDef.getTypeClass();
			// parameters on the property mapping should
			// override parameters in the typedef
			Properties allParameters = new Properties();
			allParameters.putAll( typeDef.getParameters() );
			allParameters.putAll( parameters );
			parameters = allParameters;
		}

		if ( !parameters.isEmpty() ) simpleValue.setTypeParameters( parameters );

		if ( typeName != null ) simpleValue.setTypeName( typeName );
	}

	public static void bindProperty(
			Element node,
	        Property property,
	        Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		String propName = node.attributeValue( "name" );
		property.setName( propName );
		String nodeName = node.attributeValue( "node" );
		if (nodeName==null) nodeName = propName;
		property.setNodeName( nodeName );

		// TODO:
		//Type type = model.getValue().getType();
		//if (type==null) throw new MappingException(
		//"Could not determine a property type for: " + model.getName() );

		Attribute accessNode = node.attribute( "access" );
		if ( accessNode != null ) {
			property.setPropertyAccessorName( accessNode.getValue() );
		}
		else if ( node.getName().equals( "properties" ) ) {
			property.setPropertyAccessorName( "embedded" );
		}
		else {
			property.setPropertyAccessorName( mappings.getDefaultAccess() );
		}

		Attribute cascadeNode = node.attribute( "cascade" );
		property.setCascade( cascadeNode == null ? mappings.getDefaultCascade() : cascadeNode
			.getValue() );

		Attribute updateNode = node.attribute( "update" );
		property.setUpdateable( updateNode == null || "true".equals( updateNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute insertNode = node.attribute( "insert" );
		property.setInsertable( insertNode == null || "true".equals( insertNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute lockNode = node.attribute( "optimistic-lock" );
		property.setOptimisticLocked( lockNode == null || "true".equals( lockNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute generatedNode = node.attribute( "generated" );
        String generationName = generatedNode == null ? null : generatedNode.getValue();
        PropertyGeneration generation = PropertyGeneration.parse( generationName );
		property.setGeneration( generation );

        if ( generation == PropertyGeneration.ALWAYS || generation == PropertyGeneration.INSERT ) {
	        // generated properties can *never* be insertable...
	        if ( property.isInsertable() ) {
		        if ( insertNode == null ) {
			        // insertable simply because that is the user did not specify
			        // anything; just override it
					property.setInsertable( false );
		        }
		        else {
			        // the user specifically supplied insert="true",
			        // which constitutes an illegal combo
					throw new MappingException(
							"cannot specify both insert=\"true\" and generated=\"" + generation.getName() +
							"\" for property: " +
							propName
					);
		        }
	        }

	        // properties generated on update can never be updateable...
	        if ( property.isUpdateable() && generation == PropertyGeneration.ALWAYS ) {
		        if ( updateNode == null ) {
			        // updateable only because the user did not specify
			        // anything; just override it
			        property.setUpdateable( false );
		        }
		        else {
			        // the user specifically supplied update="true",
			        // which constitutes an illegal combo
					throw new MappingException(
							"cannot specify both update=\"true\" and generated=\"" + generation.getName() +
							"\" for property: " +
							propName
					);
		        }
	        }
        }

		boolean isLazyable = "property".equals( node.getName() ) ||
				"component".equals( node.getName() ) ||
				"many-to-one".equals( node.getName() ) ||
				"one-to-one".equals( node.getName() ) ||
				"any".equals( node.getName() );
		if ( isLazyable ) {
			Attribute lazyNode = node.attribute( "lazy" );
			property.setLazy( lazyNode != null && "true".equals( lazyNode.getValue() ) );
		}

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
			String msg = "Mapped property: " + property.getName();
			String columns = columns( property.getValue() );
			if ( columns.length() > 0 ) msg += " -> " + columns;
			// TODO: this fails if we run with debug on!
			// if ( model.getType()!=null ) msg += ", type: " + model.getType().getName();
            LOG.debugf(msg);
		}

		property.setMetaAttributes( getMetas( node, inheritedMetas ) );

	}

	private static String columns(Value val) {
		StringBuffer columns = new StringBuffer();
		Iterator iter = val.getColumnIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			columns.append( ( (Selectable) iter.next() ).getText() );
			if ( iter.hasNext() ) columns.append( ", " );
		}
		return columns.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * Called for all collections
	 */
	public static void bindCollection(Element node, Collection collection, String className,
			String path, Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		// ROLENAME
		collection.setRole(path);

		Attribute inverseNode = node.attribute( "inverse" );
		if ( inverseNode != null ) {
			collection.setInverse( "true".equals( inverseNode.getValue() ) );
		}

		Attribute mutableNode = node.attribute( "mutable" );
		if ( mutableNode != null ) {
			collection.setMutable( !"false".equals( mutableNode.getValue() ) );
		}

		Attribute olNode = node.attribute( "optimistic-lock" );
		collection.setOptimisticLocked( olNode == null || "true".equals( olNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute orderNode = node.attribute( "order-by" );
		if ( orderNode != null ) {
			collection.setOrderBy( orderNode.getValue() );
		}
		Attribute whereNode = node.attribute( "where" );
		if ( whereNode != null ) {
			collection.setWhere( whereNode.getValue() );
		}
		Attribute batchNode = node.attribute( "batch-size" );
		if ( batchNode != null ) {
			collection.setBatchSize( Integer.parseInt( batchNode.getValue() ) );
		}

		String nodeName = node.attributeValue( "node" );
		if ( nodeName == null ) nodeName = node.attributeValue( "name" );
		collection.setNodeName( nodeName );
		String embed = node.attributeValue( "embed-xml" );
		collection.setEmbedded( embed==null || "true".equals(embed) );


		// PERSISTER
		Attribute persisterNode = node.attribute( "persister" );
		if ( persisterNode != null ) {
			try {
				collection.setCollectionPersisterClass( ReflectHelper.classForName( persisterNode
					.getValue() ) );
			}
			catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
				throw new MappingException( "Could not find collection persister class: "
					+ persisterNode.getValue() );
			}
		}

		Attribute typeNode = node.attribute( "collection-type" );
		if ( typeNode != null ) {
			String typeName = typeNode.getValue();
			TypeDef typeDef = mappings.getTypeDef( typeName );
			if ( typeDef != null ) {
				collection.setTypeName( typeDef.getTypeClass() );
				collection.setTypeParameters( typeDef.getParameters() );
			}
			else {
				collection.setTypeName( typeName );
			}
		}

		// FETCH STRATEGY

		initOuterJoinFetchSetting( node, collection );

		if ( "subselect".equals( node.attributeValue("fetch") ) ) {
			collection.setSubselectLoadable(true);
			collection.getOwner().setSubselectLoadableCollections(true);
		}

		initLaziness( node, collection, mappings, "true", mappings.isDefaultLazy() );
		//TODO: suck this into initLaziness!
		if ( "extra".equals( node.attributeValue("lazy") ) ) {
			collection.setLazy(true);
			collection.setExtraLazy(true);
		}

		Element oneToManyNode = node.element( "one-to-many" );
		if ( oneToManyNode != null ) {
			OneToMany oneToMany = new OneToMany( mappings, collection.getOwner() );
			collection.setElement( oneToMany );
			bindOneToMany( oneToManyNode, oneToMany, mappings );
			// we have to set up the table later!! yuck
		}
		else {
			// TABLE
			Attribute tableNode = node.attribute( "table" );
			String tableName;
			if ( tableNode != null ) {
				tableName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().tableName( tableNode.getValue() );
			}
			else {
				//tableName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().propertyToTableName( className, path );
				Table ownerTable = collection.getOwner().getTable();
				//TODO mappings.getLogicalTableName(ownerTable)
				String logicalOwnerTableName = ownerTable.getName();
				//FIXME we don't have the associated entity table name here, has to be done in a second pass
				tableName = mappings.getNamingStrategy().collectionTableName(
						collection.getOwner().getEntityName(),
						logicalOwnerTableName ,
						null,
						null,
						path
				);
				if ( ownerTable.isQuoted() ) {
					tableName = StringHelper.quote( tableName );
				}
			}
			Attribute schemaNode = node.attribute( "schema" );
			String schema = schemaNode == null ?
					mappings.getSchemaName() : schemaNode.getValue();

			Attribute catalogNode = node.attribute( "catalog" );
			String catalog = catalogNode == null ?
					mappings.getCatalogName() : catalogNode.getValue();

			Table table = mappings.addTable(
					schema,
					catalog,
					tableName,
					getSubselect( node ),
					false
				);
			collection.setCollectionTable( table );
			bindComment(table, node);

            LOG.debugf(
					"Mapping collection: %s -> %s", collection.getRole(), collection.getCollectionTable().getName()
			);
		}

		// SORT
		Attribute sortedAtt = node.attribute( "sort" );
		// unsorted, natural, comparator.class.name
		if ( sortedAtt == null || sortedAtt.getValue().equals( "unsorted" ) ) {
			collection.setSorted( false );
		}
		else {
			collection.setSorted( true );
			String comparatorClassName = sortedAtt.getValue();
			if ( !comparatorClassName.equals( "natural" ) ) {
				collection.setComparatorClassName(comparatorClassName);
			}
		}

		// ORPHAN DELETE (used for programmer error detection)
		Attribute cascadeAtt = node.attribute( "cascade" );
		if ( cascadeAtt != null && cascadeAtt.getValue().indexOf( "delete-orphan" ) >= 0 ) {
			collection.setOrphanDelete( true );
		}

		// CUSTOM SQL
		handleCustomSQL( node, collection );
		// set up second pass
		if ( collection instanceof List ) {
			mappings.addSecondPass( new ListSecondPass( node, mappings, (List) collection, inheritedMetas ) );
		}
		else if ( collection instanceof Map ) {
			mappings.addSecondPass( new MapSecondPass( node, mappings, (Map) collection, inheritedMetas ) );
		}
		else if ( collection instanceof IdentifierCollection ) {
			mappings.addSecondPass( new IdentifierCollectionSecondPass(
					node,
					mappings,
					collection,
					inheritedMetas
				) );
		}
		else {
			mappings.addSecondPass( new CollectionSecondPass( node, mappings, collection, inheritedMetas ) );
		}

		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator( "filter" );
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			final Element filter = (Element) iter.next();
			parseFilter( filter, collection, mappings );
		}

		Iterator tables = node.elementIterator( "synchronize" );
		while ( tables.hasNext() ) {
			collection.getSynchronizedTables().add(
				( (Element) tables.next() ).attributeValue( "table" ) );
		}

		Element element = node.element( "loader" );
		if ( element != null ) {
			collection.setLoaderName( element.attributeValue( "query-ref" ) );
		}

		collection.setReferencedPropertyName( node.element( "key" ).attributeValue( "property-ref" ) );
	}

	private static void initLaziness(
			Element node,
			Fetchable fetchable,
			Mappings mappings,
			String proxyVal,
			boolean defaultLazy
	) {
		Attribute lazyNode = node.attribute( "lazy" );
		boolean isLazyTrue = lazyNode == null ?
				defaultLazy && fetchable.isLazy() : //fetch="join" overrides default laziness
				lazyNode.getValue().equals(proxyVal); //fetch="join" overrides default laziness
		fetchable.setLazy( isLazyTrue );
	}

	private static void initLaziness(
			Element node,
			ToOne fetchable,
			Mappings mappings,
			boolean defaultLazy
	) {
		if ( "no-proxy".equals( node.attributeValue( "lazy" ) ) ) {
			fetchable.setUnwrapProxy(true);
			fetchable.setLazy(true);
			//TODO: better to degrade to lazy="false" if uninstrumented
		}
		else {
			initLaziness(node, fetchable, mappings, "proxy", defaultLazy);
		}
	}

	private static void bindColumnsOrFormula(Element node, SimpleValue simpleValue, String path,
			boolean isNullable, Mappings mappings) {
		Attribute formulaNode = node.attribute( "formula" );
		if ( formulaNode != null ) {
			Formula f = new Formula();
			f.setFormula( formulaNode.getText() );
			simpleValue.addFormula( f );
		}
		else {
			bindColumns( node, simpleValue, isNullable, true, path, mappings );
		}
	}

	private static void bindComment(Table table, Element node) {
		Element comment = node.element("comment");
		if (comment!=null) table.setComment( comment.getTextTrim() );
	}

	public static void bindManyToOne(Element node, ManyToOne manyToOne, String path,
			boolean isNullable, Mappings mappings) throws MappingException {

		bindColumnsOrFormula( node, manyToOne, path, isNullable, mappings );
		initOuterJoinFetchSetting( node, manyToOne );
		initLaziness( node, manyToOne, mappings, true );

		Attribute ukName = node.attribute( "property-ref" );
		if ( ukName != null ) {
			manyToOne.setReferencedPropertyName( ukName.getValue() );
		}

		manyToOne.setReferencedEntityName( getEntityName( node, mappings ) );

		String embed = node.attributeValue( "embed-xml" );
		manyToOne.setEmbedded( embed == null || "true".equals( embed ) );

		String notFound = node.attributeValue( "not-found" );
		manyToOne.setIgnoreNotFound( "ignore".equals( notFound ) );

		if( ukName != null && !manyToOne.isIgnoreNotFound() ) {
			if ( !node.getName().equals("many-to-many") ) { //TODO: really bad, evil hack to fix!!!
				mappings.addSecondPass( new ManyToOneSecondPass(manyToOne) );
			}
		}

		Attribute fkNode = node.attribute( "foreign-key" );
		if ( fkNode != null ) manyToOne.setForeignKeyName( fkNode.getValue() );

		String cascade = node.attributeValue( "cascade" );
		if ( cascade != null && cascade.indexOf( "delete-orphan" ) >= 0 ) {
			if ( !manyToOne.isLogicalOneToOne() ) {
				throw new MappingException(
						"many-to-one attribute [" + path + "] does not support orphan delete as it is not unique"
				);
			}
		}
	}

	public static void bindAny(Element node, Any any, boolean isNullable, Mappings mappings)
			throws MappingException {
		any.setIdentifierType( getTypeFromXML( node ) );
		Attribute metaAttribute = node.attribute( "meta-type" );
		if ( metaAttribute != null ) {
			any.setMetaType( metaAttribute.getValue() );

			Iterator iter = node.elementIterator( "meta-value" );
			if ( iter.hasNext() ) {
				HashMap values = new HashMap();
				org.hibernate.type.Type metaType = mappings.getTypeResolver().heuristicType( any.getMetaType() );
				while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
					Element metaValue = (Element) iter.next();
					try {
						Object value = ( (DiscriminatorType) metaType ).stringToObject( metaValue
							.attributeValue( "value" ) );
						String entityName = getClassName( metaValue.attribute( "class" ), mappings );
						values.put( value, entityName );
					}
					catch (ClassCastException cce) {
						throw new MappingException( "meta-type was not a DiscriminatorType: "
							+ metaType.getName() );
					}
					catch (Exception e) {
						throw new MappingException( "could not interpret meta-value", e );
					}
				}
				any.setMetaValues( values );
			}

		}

		bindColumns( node, any, isNullable, false, null, mappings );
	}

	public static void bindOneToOne(Element node, OneToOne oneToOne, String path, boolean isNullable,
			Mappings mappings) throws MappingException {

		bindColumns( node, oneToOne, isNullable, false, null, mappings );

		Attribute constrNode = node.attribute( "constrained" );
		boolean constrained = constrNode != null && constrNode.getValue().equals( "true" );
		oneToOne.setConstrained( constrained );

		oneToOne.setForeignKeyType( constrained ?
				ForeignKeyDirection.FOREIGN_KEY_FROM_PARENT :
				ForeignKeyDirection.FOREIGN_KEY_TO_PARENT );

		initOuterJoinFetchSetting( node, oneToOne );
		initLaziness( node, oneToOne, mappings, true );

		oneToOne.setEmbedded( "true".equals( node.attributeValue( "embed-xml" ) ) );

		Attribute fkNode = node.attribute( "foreign-key" );
		if ( fkNode != null ) oneToOne.setForeignKeyName( fkNode.getValue() );

		Attribute ukName = node.attribute( "property-ref" );
		if ( ukName != null ) oneToOne.setReferencedPropertyName( ukName.getValue() );

		oneToOne.setPropertyName( node.attributeValue( "name" ) );

		oneToOne.setReferencedEntityName( getEntityName( node, mappings ) );

		String cascade = node.attributeValue( "cascade" );
		if ( cascade != null && cascade.indexOf( "delete-orphan" ) >= 0 ) {
			if ( oneToOne.isConstrained() ) {
				throw new MappingException(
						"one-to-one attribute [" + path + "] does not support orphan delete as it is constrained"
				);
			}
		}
	}

	public static void bindOneToMany(Element node, OneToMany oneToMany, Mappings mappings)
			throws MappingException {

		oneToMany.setReferencedEntityName( getEntityName( node, mappings ) );

		String embed = node.attributeValue( "embed-xml" );
		oneToMany.setEmbedded( embed == null || "true".equals( embed ) );

		String notFound = node.attributeValue( "not-found" );
		oneToMany.setIgnoreNotFound( "ignore".equals( notFound ) );

	}

	public static void bindColumn(Element node, Column column, boolean isNullable) throws MappingException {
		Attribute lengthNode = node.attribute( "length" );
		if ( lengthNode != null ) column.setLength( Integer.parseInt( lengthNode.getValue() ) );
		Attribute scalNode = node.attribute( "scale" );
		if ( scalNode != null ) column.setScale( Integer.parseInt( scalNode.getValue() ) );
		Attribute precNode = node.attribute( "precision" );
		if ( precNode != null ) column.setPrecision( Integer.parseInt( precNode.getValue() ) );

		Attribute nullNode = node.attribute( "not-null" );
		column.setNullable( nullNode == null ? isNullable : nullNode.getValue().equals( "false" ) );

		Attribute unqNode = node.attribute( "unique" );
		if ( unqNode != null ) column.setUnique( unqNode.getValue().equals( "true" ) );

		column.setCheckConstraint( node.attributeValue( "check" ) );
		column.setDefaultValue( node.attributeValue( "default" ) );

		Attribute typeNode = node.attribute( "sql-type" );
		if ( typeNode != null ) column.setSqlType( typeNode.getValue() );

		String customWrite = node.attributeValue( "write" );
		if(customWrite != null && !customWrite.matches("[^?]*\\?[^?]*")) {
			throw new MappingException("write expression must contain exactly one value placeholder ('?') character");
		}
		column.setCustomWrite( customWrite );
		column.setCustomRead( node.attributeValue( "read" ) );

		Element comment = node.element("comment");
		if (comment!=null) column.setComment( comment.getTextTrim() );

	}

	/**
	 * Called for arrays and primitive arrays
	 */
	public static void bindArray(Element node, Array array, String prefix, String path,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindCollection( node, array, prefix, path, mappings, inheritedMetas );

		Attribute att = node.attribute( "element-class" );
		if ( att != null ) array.setElementClassName( getClassName( att, mappings ) );

	}

	private static Class reflectedPropertyClass(String className, String propertyName)
			throws MappingException {
		if ( className == null ) return null;
		return ReflectHelper.reflectedPropertyClass( className, propertyName );
	}

	public static void bindComposite(Element node, Component component, String path,
			boolean isNullable, Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
			throws MappingException {
		bindComponent(
				node,
				component,
				null,
				null,
				path,
				isNullable,
				false,
				mappings,
				inheritedMetas,
				false
			);
	}

	public static void bindCompositeId(Element node, Component component,
			PersistentClass persistentClass, String propertyName, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		component.setKey( true );

		String path = StringHelper.qualify(
				persistentClass.getEntityName(),
				propertyName == null ? "id" : propertyName );

		bindComponent(
				node,
				component,
				persistentClass.getClassName(),
				propertyName,
				path,
				false,
				node.attribute( "class" ) == null
						&& propertyName == null,
				mappings,
				inheritedMetas,
				false
			);

		if ( "true".equals( node.attributeValue("mapped") ) ) {
			if ( propertyName!=null ) {
				throw new MappingException("cannot combine mapped=\"true\" with specified name");
			}
			Component mapper = new Component( mappings, persistentClass );
			bindComponent(
					node,
					mapper,
					persistentClass.getClassName(),
					null,
					path,
					false,
					true,
					mappings,
					inheritedMetas,
					true
				);
			persistentClass.setIdentifierMapper(mapper);
			Property property = new Property();
			property.setName("_identifierMapper");
			property.setNodeName("id");
			property.setUpdateable(false);
			property.setInsertable(false);
			property.setValue(mapper);
			property.setPropertyAccessorName( "embedded" );
			persistentClass.addProperty(property);
		}

	}

	public static void bindComponent(
			Element node,
			Component component,
			String ownerClassName,
			String parentProperty,
			String path,
			boolean isNullable,
			boolean isEmbedded,
			Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas,
			boolean isIdentifierMapper) throws MappingException {

		component.setEmbedded( isEmbedded );
		component.setRoleName( path );

		inheritedMetas = getMetas( node, inheritedMetas );
		component.setMetaAttributes( inheritedMetas );

		Attribute classNode = isIdentifierMapper ? null : node.attribute( "class" );
		if ( classNode != null ) {
			component.setComponentClassName( getClassName( classNode, mappings ) );
		}
		else if ( "dynamic-component".equals( node.getName() ) ) {
			component.setDynamic( true );
		}
		else if ( isEmbedded ) {
			// an "embedded" component (composite ids and unique)
			// note that this does not handle nested components
			if ( component.getOwner().hasPojoRepresentation() ) {
				component.setComponentClassName( component.getOwner().getClassName() );
			}
			else {
				component.setDynamic(true);
			}
		}
		else {
			// todo : again, how *should* this work for non-pojo entities?
			if ( component.getOwner().hasPojoRepresentation() ) {
				Class reflectedClass = reflectedPropertyClass( ownerClassName, parentProperty );
				if ( reflectedClass != null ) {
					component.setComponentClassName( reflectedClass.getName() );
				}
			}
			else {
				component.setDynamic(true);
			}
		}

		String nodeName = node.attributeValue( "node" );
		if ( nodeName == null ) nodeName = node.attributeValue( "name" );
		if ( nodeName == null ) nodeName = component.getOwner().getNodeName();
		component.setNodeName( nodeName );

		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {

			Element subnode = (Element) iter.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();
			String propertyName = getPropertyName( subnode );
			String subpath = propertyName == null ? null : StringHelper
				.qualify( path, propertyName );

			CollectionType collectType = CollectionType.collectionTypeFromString( name );
			Value value = null;
			if ( collectType != null ) {
				Collection collection = collectType.create(
						subnode,
						subpath,
						component.getOwner(),
						mappings, inheritedMetas
					);
				mappings.addCollection( collection );
				value = collection;
			}
			else if ( "many-to-one".equals( name ) || "key-many-to-one".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new ManyToOne( mappings, component.getTable() );
				String relativePath;
				if (isEmbedded) {
					relativePath = propertyName;
				}
				else {
					relativePath = subpath.substring( component.getOwner().getEntityName().length() + 1 );
				}
				bindManyToOne( subnode, (ManyToOne) value, relativePath, isNullable, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "one-to-one".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new OneToOne( mappings, component.getTable(), component.getOwner() );
				String relativePath;
				if (isEmbedded) {
					relativePath = propertyName;
				}
				else {
					relativePath = subpath.substring( component.getOwner().getEntityName().length() + 1 );
				}
				bindOneToOne( subnode, (OneToOne) value, relativePath, isNullable, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "any".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new Any( mappings, component.getTable() );
				bindAny( subnode, (Any) value, isNullable, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "property".equals( name ) || "key-property".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new SimpleValue( mappings, component.getTable() );
				String relativePath;
				if (isEmbedded) {
					relativePath = propertyName;
				}
				else {
					relativePath = subpath.substring( component.getOwner().getEntityName().length() + 1 );
				}
				bindSimpleValue( subnode, (SimpleValue) value, isNullable, relativePath, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "component".equals( name )
				|| "dynamic-component".equals( name )
				|| "nested-composite-element".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new Component( mappings, component ); // a nested composite element
				bindComponent(
						subnode,
						(Component) value,
						component.getComponentClassName(),
						propertyName,
						subpath,
						isNullable,
						isEmbedded,
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas,
						isIdentifierMapper
					);
			}
			else if ( "parent".equals( name ) ) {
				component.setParentProperty( propertyName );
			}

			if ( value != null ) {
				Property property = createProperty( value, propertyName, component
					.getComponentClassName(), subnode, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				if (isIdentifierMapper) {
					property.setInsertable(false);
					property.setUpdateable(false);
				}
				component.addProperty( property );
			}
		}

		if ( "true".equals( node.attributeValue( "unique" ) ) ) {
			iter = component.getColumnIterator();
			ArrayList cols = new ArrayList();
			while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
				cols.add( iter.next() );
			}
			component.getOwner().getTable().createUniqueKey( cols );
		}

		iter = node.elementIterator( "tuplizer" );
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			final Element tuplizerElem = ( Element ) iter.next();
			EntityMode mode = EntityMode.parse( tuplizerElem.attributeValue( "entity-mode" ) );
			component.addTuplizer( mode, tuplizerElem.attributeValue( "class" ) );
		}
	}

	public static String getTypeFromXML(Element node) throws MappingException {
		// TODO: handle TypeDefs
		Attribute typeNode = node.attribute( "type" );
		if ( typeNode == null ) typeNode = node.attribute( "id-type" ); // for an any
		if ( typeNode == null ) return null; // we will have to use reflection
		return typeNode.getValue();
	}

	private static void initOuterJoinFetchSetting(Element node, Fetchable model) {
		Attribute fetchNode = node.attribute( "fetch" );
		final FetchMode fetchStyle;
		boolean lazy = true;
		if ( fetchNode == null ) {
			Attribute jfNode = node.attribute( "outer-join" );
			if ( jfNode == null ) {
				if ( "many-to-many".equals( node.getName() ) ) {
					//NOTE SPECIAL CASE:
					// default to join and non-lazy for the "second join"
					// of the many-to-many
					lazy = false;
					fetchStyle = FetchMode.JOIN;
				}
				else if ( "one-to-one".equals( node.getName() ) ) {
					//NOTE SPECIAL CASE:
					// one-to-one constrained=false cannot be proxied,
					// so default to join and non-lazy
					lazy = ( (OneToOne) model ).isConstrained();
					fetchStyle = lazy ? FetchMode.DEFAULT : FetchMode.JOIN;
				}
				else {
					fetchStyle = FetchMode.DEFAULT;
				}
			}
			else {
				// use old (HB 2.1) defaults if outer-join is specified
				String eoj = jfNode.getValue();
				if ( "auto".equals( eoj ) ) {
					fetchStyle = FetchMode.DEFAULT;
				}
				else {
					boolean join = "true".equals( eoj );
					fetchStyle = join ? FetchMode.JOIN : FetchMode.SELECT;
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			boolean join = "join".equals( fetchNode.getValue() );
			//lazy = !join;
			fetchStyle = join ? FetchMode.JOIN : FetchMode.SELECT;
		}
		model.setFetchMode( fetchStyle );
		model.setLazy(lazy);
	}

	private static void makeIdentifier(Element node, SimpleValue model, Mappings mappings) {

		// GENERATOR
		Element subnode = node.element( "generator" );
		if ( subnode != null ) {
			final String generatorClass = subnode.attributeValue( "class" );
			model.setIdentifierGeneratorStrategy( generatorClass );

			Properties params = new Properties();
			// YUCK!  but cannot think of a clean way to do this given the string-config based scheme
			params.put( PersistentIdentifierGenerator.IDENTIFIER_NORMALIZER, mappings.getObjectNameNormalizer() );

			if ( mappings.getSchemaName() != null ) {
				params.setProperty(
						PersistentIdentifierGenerator.SCHEMA,
						mappings.getObjectNameNormalizer().normalizeIdentifierQuoting( mappings.getSchemaName() )
				);
			}
			if ( mappings.getCatalogName() != null ) {
				params.setProperty(
						PersistentIdentifierGenerator.CATALOG,
						mappings.getObjectNameNormalizer().normalizeIdentifierQuoting( mappings.getCatalogName() )
				);
			}

			Iterator iter = subnode.elementIterator( "param" );
			while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
				Element childNode = (Element) iter.next();
				params.setProperty( childNode.attributeValue( "name" ), childNode.getTextTrim() );
			}

			model.setIdentifierGeneratorProperties( params );
		}

		model.getTable().setIdentifierValue( model );

		// ID UNSAVED-VALUE
		Attribute nullValueNode = node.attribute( "unsaved-value" );
		if ( nullValueNode != null ) {
			model.setNullValue( nullValueNode.getValue() );
		}
		else {
			if ( "assigned".equals( model.getIdentifierGeneratorStrategy() ) ) {
				model.setNullValue( "undefined" );
			}
			else {
				model.setNullValue( null );
			}
		}
	}

	private static final void makeVersion(Element node, SimpleValue model) {

		// VERSION UNSAVED-VALUE
		Attribute nullValueNode = node.attribute( "unsaved-value" );
		if ( nullValueNode != null ) {
			model.setNullValue( nullValueNode.getValue() );
		}
		else {
			model.setNullValue( "undefined" );
		}

	}

	protected static void createClassProperties(Element node, PersistentClass persistentClass,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		createClassProperties(node, persistentClass, mappings, inheritedMetas, null, true, true, false);
	}

	protected static void createClassProperties(Element node, PersistentClass persistentClass,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas, UniqueKey uniqueKey,
			boolean mutable, boolean nullable, boolean naturalId) throws MappingException {

		String entityName = persistentClass.getEntityName();
		Table table = persistentClass.getTable();

		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element subnode = (Element) iter.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();
			String propertyName = subnode.attributeValue( "name" );

			CollectionType collectType = CollectionType.collectionTypeFromString( name );
			Value value = null;
			if ( collectType != null ) {
				Collection collection = collectType.create(
						subnode,
						StringHelper.qualify( entityName, propertyName ),
						persistentClass,
						mappings, inheritedMetas
					);
				mappings.addCollection( collection );
				value = collection;
			}
			else if ( "many-to-one".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new ManyToOne( mappings, table );
				bindManyToOne( subnode, (ManyToOne) value, propertyName, nullable, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "any".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new Any( mappings, table );
				bindAny( subnode, (Any) value, nullable, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "one-to-one".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new OneToOne( mappings, table, persistentClass );
				bindOneToOne( subnode, (OneToOne) value, propertyName, true, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "property".equals( name ) ) {
				value = new SimpleValue( mappings, table );
				bindSimpleValue( subnode, (SimpleValue) value, nullable, propertyName, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "component".equals( name )
				|| "dynamic-component".equals( name )
				|| "properties".equals( name ) ) {
				String subpath = StringHelper.qualify( entityName, propertyName );
				value = new Component( mappings, persistentClass );

				bindComponent(
						subnode,
						(Component) value,
						persistentClass.getClassName(),
						propertyName,
						subpath,
						true,
						"properties".equals( name ),
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas,
						false
					);
			}
			else if ( "join".equals( name ) ) {
				Join join = new Join();
				join.setPersistentClass( persistentClass );
				bindJoin( subnode, join, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				persistentClass.addJoin( join );
			}
			else if ( "subclass".equals( name ) ) {
				handleSubclass( persistentClass, mappings, subnode, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "joined-subclass".equals( name ) ) {
				handleJoinedSubclass( persistentClass, mappings, subnode, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "union-subclass".equals( name ) ) {
				handleUnionSubclass( persistentClass, mappings, subnode, inheritedMetas );
			}
			else if ( "filter".equals( name ) ) {
				parseFilter( subnode, persistentClass, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "natural-id".equals( name ) ) {
				UniqueKey uk = new UniqueKey();
				uk.setName("_UniqueKey");
				uk.setTable(table);
				//by default, natural-ids are "immutable" (constant)
				boolean mutableId = "true".equals( subnode.attributeValue("mutable") );
				createClassProperties(
						subnode,
						persistentClass,
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas,
						uk,
						mutableId,
						false,
						true
					);
				table.addUniqueKey(uk);
			}
			else if ( "query".equals(name) ) {
				bindNamedQuery(subnode, persistentClass.getEntityName(), mappings);
			}
			else if ( "sql-query".equals(name) ) {
				bindNamedSQLQuery(subnode, persistentClass.getEntityName(), mappings);
			}
			else if ( "resultset".equals(name) ) {
				bindResultSetMappingDefinition( subnode, persistentClass.getEntityName(), mappings );
			}

			if ( value != null ) {
				Property property = createProperty( value, propertyName, persistentClass
					.getClassName(), subnode, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				if ( !mutable ) property.setUpdateable(false);
				if ( naturalId ) property.setNaturalIdentifier(true);
				persistentClass.addProperty( property );
				if ( uniqueKey!=null ) uniqueKey.addColumns( property.getColumnIterator() );
			}

		}
	}

	private static Property createProperty(
			final Value value,
	        final String propertyName,
			final String className,
	        final Element subnode,
	        final Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty( propertyName ) ) {
			throw new MappingException( subnode.getName() + " mapping must defined a name attribute [" + className + "]" );
		}

		value.setTypeUsingReflection( className, propertyName );

		// this is done here 'cos we might only know the type here (ugly!)
		// TODO: improve this a lot:
		if ( value instanceof ToOne ) {
			ToOne toOne = (ToOne) value;
			String propertyRef = toOne.getReferencedPropertyName();
			if ( propertyRef != null ) {
				mappings.addUniquePropertyReference( toOne.getReferencedEntityName(), propertyRef );
			}
		}
		else if ( value instanceof Collection ) {
			Collection coll = (Collection) value;
			String propertyRef = coll.getReferencedPropertyName();
			// not necessarily a *unique* property reference
			if ( propertyRef != null ) {
				mappings.addPropertyReference( coll.getOwnerEntityName(), propertyRef );
			}
		}

		value.createForeignKey();
		Property prop = new Property();
		prop.setValue( value );
		bindProperty( subnode, prop, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		return prop;
	}

	private static void handleUnionSubclass(PersistentClass model, Mappings mappings,
			Element subnode, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		UnionSubclass subclass = new UnionSubclass( model );
		bindUnionSubclass( subnode, subclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		model.addSubclass( subclass );
		mappings.addClass( subclass );
	}

	private static void handleJoinedSubclass(PersistentClass model, Mappings mappings,
			Element subnode, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		JoinedSubclass subclass = new JoinedSubclass( model );
		bindJoinedSubclass( subnode, subclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		model.addSubclass( subclass );
		mappings.addClass( subclass );
	}

	private static void handleSubclass(PersistentClass model, Mappings mappings, Element subnode,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
		Subclass subclass = new SingleTableSubclass( model );
		bindSubclass( subnode, subclass, mappings, inheritedMetas );
		model.addSubclass( subclass );
		mappings.addClass( subclass );
	}

	/**
	 * Called for Lists, arrays, primitive arrays
	 */
	public static void bindListSecondPass(Element node, List list, java.util.Map classes,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindCollectionSecondPass( node, list, classes, mappings, inheritedMetas );

		Element subnode = node.element( "list-index" );
		if ( subnode == null ) subnode = node.element( "index" );
		SimpleValue iv = new SimpleValue( mappings, list.getCollectionTable() );
		bindSimpleValue(
				subnode,
				iv,
				list.isOneToMany(),
				IndexedCollection.DEFAULT_INDEX_COLUMN_NAME,
				mappings
			);
		iv.setTypeName( "integer" );
		list.setIndex( iv );
		String baseIndex = subnode.attributeValue( "base" );
		if ( baseIndex != null ) list.setBaseIndex( Integer.parseInt( baseIndex ) );
		list.setIndexNodeName( subnode.attributeValue("node") );

		if ( list.isOneToMany() && !list.getKey().isNullable() && !list.isInverse() ) {
			String entityName = ( (OneToMany) list.getElement() ).getReferencedEntityName();
			PersistentClass referenced = mappings.getClass( entityName );
			IndexBackref ib = new IndexBackref();
			ib.setName( '_' + list.getOwnerEntityName() + "." + node.attributeValue( "name" ) + "IndexBackref" );
			ib.setUpdateable( false );
			ib.setSelectable( false );
			ib.setCollectionRole( list.getRole() );
			ib.setEntityName( list.getOwner().getEntityName() );
			ib.setValue( list.getIndex() );
			// ( (Column) ( (SimpleValue) ic.getIndex() ).getColumnIterator().next()
			// ).setNullable(false);
			referenced.addProperty( ib );
		}
	}

	public static void bindIdentifierCollectionSecondPass(Element node,
			IdentifierCollection collection, java.util.Map persistentClasses, Mappings mappings,
			java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindCollectionSecondPass( node, collection, persistentClasses, mappings, inheritedMetas );

		Element subnode = node.element( "collection-id" );
		SimpleValue id = new SimpleValue( mappings, collection.getCollectionTable() );
		bindSimpleValue(
				subnode,
				id,
				false,
				IdentifierCollection.DEFAULT_IDENTIFIER_COLUMN_NAME,
				mappings
			);
		collection.setIdentifier( id );
		makeIdentifier( subnode, id, mappings );

	}

	/**
	 * Called for Maps
	 */
	public static void bindMapSecondPass(Element node, Map map, java.util.Map classes,
			Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {

		bindCollectionSecondPass( node, map, classes, mappings, inheritedMetas );

		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element subnode = (Element) iter.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();

			if ( "index".equals( name ) || "map-key".equals( name ) ) {
				SimpleValue value = new SimpleValue( mappings, map.getCollectionTable() );
				bindSimpleValue(
						subnode,
						value,
						map.isOneToMany(),
						IndexedCollection.DEFAULT_INDEX_COLUMN_NAME,
						mappings
					);
				if ( !value.isTypeSpecified() ) {
					throw new MappingException( "map index element must specify a type: "
						+ map.getRole() );
				}
				map.setIndex( value );
				map.setIndexNodeName( subnode.attributeValue("node") );
			}
			else if ( "index-many-to-many".equals( name ) || "map-key-many-to-many".equals( name ) ) {
				ManyToOne mto = new ManyToOne( mappings, map.getCollectionTable() );
				bindManyToOne(
						subnode,
						mto,
						IndexedCollection.DEFAULT_INDEX_COLUMN_NAME,
						map.isOneToMany(),
						mappings
					);
				map.setIndex( mto );

			}
			else if ( "composite-index".equals( name ) || "composite-map-key".equals( name ) ) {
				Component component = new Component( mappings, map );
				bindComposite(
						subnode,
						component,
						map.getRole() + ".index",
						map.isOneToMany(),
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas
					);
				map.setIndex( component );
			}
			else if ( "index-many-to-any".equals( name ) ) {
				Any any = new Any( mappings, map.getCollectionTable() );
				bindAny( subnode, any, map.isOneToMany(), mappings );
				map.setIndex( any );
			}
		}

		// TODO: this is a bit of copy/paste from IndexedCollection.createPrimaryKey()
		boolean indexIsFormula = false;
		Iterator colIter = map.getIndex().getColumnIterator();
		while ( colIter.hasNext() ) {
			if ( ( (Selectable) colIter.next() ).isFormula() ) indexIsFormula = true;
		}

		if ( map.isOneToMany() && !map.getKey().isNullable() && !map.isInverse() && !indexIsFormula ) {
			String entityName = ( (OneToMany) map.getElement() ).getReferencedEntityName();
			PersistentClass referenced = mappings.getClass( entityName );
			IndexBackref ib = new IndexBackref();
			ib.setName( '_' + map.getOwnerEntityName() + "." + node.attributeValue( "name" ) + "IndexBackref" );
			ib.setUpdateable( false );
			ib.setSelectable( false );
			ib.setCollectionRole( map.getRole() );
			ib.setEntityName( map.getOwner().getEntityName() );
			ib.setValue( map.getIndex() );
			// ( (Column) ( (SimpleValue) ic.getIndex() ).getColumnIterator().next()
			// ).setNullable(false);
			referenced.addProperty( ib );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Called for all collections
	 */
	public static void bindCollectionSecondPass(Element node, Collection collection,
			java.util.Map persistentClasses, Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
			throws MappingException {

		if ( collection.isOneToMany() ) {
			OneToMany oneToMany = (OneToMany) collection.getElement();
			String assocClass = oneToMany.getReferencedEntityName();
			PersistentClass persistentClass = (PersistentClass) persistentClasses.get( assocClass );
			if ( persistentClass == null ) {
				throw new MappingException( "Association references unmapped class: " + assocClass );
			}
			oneToMany.setAssociatedClass( persistentClass );
			collection.setCollectionTable( persistentClass.getTable() );

            LOG.debugf(
					"Mapping collection: %s -> %s", collection.getRole(), collection.getCollectionTable().getName()
			);
		}

		// CHECK
		Attribute chNode = node.attribute( "check" );
		if ( chNode != null ) {
			collection.getCollectionTable().addCheckConstraint( chNode.getValue() );
		}

		// contained elements:
		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator();
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element subnode = (Element) iter.next();
			String name = subnode.getName();

			if ( "key".equals( name ) ) {
				KeyValue keyVal;
				String propRef = collection.getReferencedPropertyName();
				if ( propRef == null ) {
					keyVal = collection.getOwner().getIdentifier();
				}
				else {
					keyVal = (KeyValue) collection.getOwner().getRecursiveProperty( propRef ).getValue();
				}
				SimpleValue key = new DependantValue( mappings, collection.getCollectionTable(), keyVal );
				key.setCascadeDeleteEnabled( "cascade"
					.equals( subnode.attributeValue( "on-delete" ) ) );
				bindSimpleValue(
						subnode,
						key,
						collection.isOneToMany(),
						Collection.DEFAULT_KEY_COLUMN_NAME,
						mappings
					);
				collection.setKey( key );

				Attribute notNull = subnode.attribute( "not-null" );
				( (DependantValue) key ).setNullable( notNull == null
					|| notNull.getValue().equals( "false" ) );
				Attribute updateable = subnode.attribute( "update" );
				( (DependantValue) key ).setUpdateable( updateable == null
					|| updateable.getValue().equals( "true" ) );

			}
			else if ( "element".equals( name ) ) {
				SimpleValue elt = new SimpleValue( mappings, collection.getCollectionTable() );
				collection.setElement( elt );
				bindSimpleValue(
						subnode,
						elt,
						true,
						Collection.DEFAULT_ELEMENT_COLUMN_NAME,
						mappings
					);
			}
			else if ( "many-to-many".equals( name ) ) {
				ManyToOne element = new ManyToOne( mappings, collection.getCollectionTable() );
				collection.setElement( element );
				bindManyToOne(
						subnode,
						element,
						Collection.DEFAULT_ELEMENT_COLUMN_NAME,
						false,
						mappings
					);
				bindManyToManySubelements( collection, subnode, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "composite-element".equals( name ) ) {
				Component element = new Component( mappings, collection );
				collection.setElement( element );
				bindComposite(
						subnode,
						element,
						collection.getRole() + ".element",
						true,
						mappings,
						inheritedMetas
					);
			}
			else if ( "many-to-any".equals( name ) ) {
				Any element = new Any( mappings, collection.getCollectionTable() );
				collection.setElement( element );
				bindAny( subnode, element, true, mappings );
			}
			else if ( "cache".equals( name ) ) {
				collection.setCacheConcurrencyStrategy( subnode.attributeValue( "usage" ) );
				collection.setCacheRegionName( subnode.attributeValue( "region" ) );
			}

			String nodeName = subnode.attributeValue( "node" );
			if ( nodeName != null ) collection.setElementNodeName( nodeName );

		}

		if ( collection.isOneToMany()
			&& !collection.isInverse()
			&& !collection.getKey().isNullable() ) {
			// for non-inverse one-to-many, with a not-null fk, add a backref!
			String entityName = ( (OneToMany) collection.getElement() ).getReferencedEntityName();
			PersistentClass referenced = mappings.getClass( entityName );
			Backref prop = new Backref();
			prop.setName( '_' + collection.getOwnerEntityName() + "." + node.attributeValue( "name" ) + "Backref" );
			prop.setUpdateable( false );
			prop.setSelectable( false );
			prop.setCollectionRole( collection.getRole() );
			prop.setEntityName( collection.getOwner().getEntityName() );
			prop.setValue( collection.getKey() );
			referenced.addProperty( prop );
		}
	}

	private static void bindManyToManySubelements(
	        Collection collection,
	        Element manyToManyNode,
	        Mappings model) throws MappingException {
		// Bind the where
		Attribute where = manyToManyNode.attribute( "where" );
		String whereCondition = where == null ? null : where.getValue();
		collection.setManyToManyWhere( whereCondition );

		// Bind the order-by
		Attribute order = manyToManyNode.attribute( "order-by" );
		String orderFragment = order == null ? null : order.getValue();
		collection.setManyToManyOrdering( orderFragment );

		// Bind the filters
		Iterator filters = manyToManyNode.elementIterator( "filter" );
		if ( ( filters.hasNext() || whereCondition != null ) &&
		        collection.getFetchMode() == FetchMode.JOIN &&
		        collection.getElement().getFetchMode() != FetchMode.JOIN ) {
			throw new MappingException(
			        "many-to-many defining filter or where without join fetching " +
			        "not valid within collection using join fetching [" + collection.getRole() + "]"
				);
		}
		while ( filters.hasNext() ) {
			final Element filterElement = ( Element ) filters.next();
			final String name = filterElement.attributeValue( "name" );
			String condition = filterElement.getTextTrim();
			if ( StringHelper.isEmpty(condition) ) condition = filterElement.attributeValue( "condition" );
			if ( StringHelper.isEmpty(condition) ) {
				condition = model.getFilterDefinition(name).getDefaultFilterCondition();
			}
			if ( condition==null) {
				throw new MappingException("no filter condition found for filter: " + name);
			}
            LOG.debugf("Applying many-to-many filter [%s] as [%s] to role [%s]", name, condition, collection.getRole());
			collection.addManyToManyFilter( name, condition );
		}
	}

	public static final FlushMode getFlushMode(String flushMode) {
		if ( flushMode == null ) {
			return null;
		}
		else if ( "auto".equals( flushMode ) ) {
			return FlushMode.AUTO;
		}
		else if ( "commit".equals( flushMode ) ) {
			return FlushMode.COMMIT;
		}
		else if ( "never".equals( flushMode ) ) {
			return FlushMode.NEVER;
		}
		else if ( "manual".equals( flushMode ) ) {
			return FlushMode.MANUAL;
		}
		else if ( "always".equals( flushMode ) ) {
			return FlushMode.ALWAYS;
		}
		else {
			throw new MappingException( "unknown flushmode" );
		}
	}

	private static void bindNamedQuery(Element queryElem, String path, Mappings mappings) {
		String queryName = queryElem.attributeValue( "name" );
		if (path!=null) queryName = path + '.' + queryName;
		String query = queryElem.getText();
        LOG.debugf("Named query: %s -> %s", queryName, query);

		boolean cacheable = "true".equals( queryElem.attributeValue( "cacheable" ) );
		String region = queryElem.attributeValue( "cache-region" );
		Attribute tAtt = queryElem.attribute( "timeout" );
		Integer timeout = tAtt == null ? null : new Integer( tAtt.getValue() );
		Attribute fsAtt = queryElem.attribute( "fetch-size" );
		Integer fetchSize = fsAtt == null ? null : new Integer( fsAtt.getValue() );
		Attribute roAttr = queryElem.attribute( "read-only" );
		boolean readOnly = roAttr != null && "true".equals( roAttr.getValue() );
		Attribute cacheModeAtt = queryElem.attribute( "cache-mode" );
		String cacheMode = cacheModeAtt == null ? null : cacheModeAtt.getValue();
		Attribute cmAtt = queryElem.attribute( "comment" );
		String comment = cmAtt == null ? null : cmAtt.getValue();

		NamedQueryDefinition namedQuery = new NamedQueryDefinition(
				queryName,
				query,
				cacheable,
				region,
				timeout,
				fetchSize,
				getFlushMode( queryElem.attributeValue( "flush-mode" ) ) ,
				getCacheMode( cacheMode ),
				readOnly,
				comment,
				getParameterTypes(queryElem)
			);

		mappings.addQuery( namedQuery.getName(), namedQuery );
	}

	public static CacheMode getCacheMode(String cacheMode) {
		if (cacheMode == null) return null;
		if ( "get".equals( cacheMode ) ) return CacheMode.GET;
		if ( "ignore".equals( cacheMode ) ) return CacheMode.IGNORE;
		if ( "normal".equals( cacheMode ) ) return CacheMode.NORMAL;
		if ( "put".equals( cacheMode ) ) return CacheMode.PUT;
		if ( "refresh".equals( cacheMode ) ) return CacheMode.REFRESH;
		throw new MappingException("Unknown Cache Mode: " + cacheMode);
	}

	public static java.util.Map getParameterTypes(Element queryElem) {
		java.util.Map result = new java.util.LinkedHashMap();
		Iterator iter = queryElem.elementIterator("query-param");
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element element = (Element) iter.next();
			result.put( element.attributeValue("name"), element.attributeValue("type") );
		}
		return result;
	}

	private static void bindResultSetMappingDefinition(Element resultSetElem, String path, Mappings mappings) {
		mappings.addSecondPass( new ResultSetMappingSecondPass( resultSetElem, path, mappings ) );
	}

	private static void bindNamedSQLQuery(Element queryElem, String path, Mappings mappings) {
		mappings.addSecondPass( new NamedSQLQuerySecondPass( queryElem, path, mappings ) );
	}

	private static String getPropertyName(Element node) {
		return node.attributeValue( "name" );
	}

	private static PersistentClass getSuperclass(Mappings mappings, Element subnode)
			throws MappingException {
		String extendsName = subnode.attributeValue( "extends" );
		PersistentClass superModel = mappings.getClass( extendsName );
		if ( superModel == null ) {
			String qualifiedExtendsName = getClassName( extendsName, mappings );
			superModel = mappings.getClass( qualifiedExtendsName );
		}

		if ( superModel == null ) {
			throw new MappingException( "Cannot extend unmapped class " + extendsName );
		}
		return superModel;
	}

	static class CollectionSecondPass extends org.hibernate.cfg.CollectionSecondPass {
		Element node;

		CollectionSecondPass(Element node, Mappings mappings, Collection collection, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
			super(mappings, collection, inheritedMetas);
			this.node = node;
		}

		public void secondPass(java.util.Map persistentClasses, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
				throws MappingException {
			HbmBinder.bindCollectionSecondPass(
					node,
					collection,
					persistentClasses,
					mappings,
					inheritedMetas
				);
		}
	}

	static class IdentifierCollectionSecondPass extends CollectionSecondPass {
		IdentifierCollectionSecondPass(Element node, Mappings mappings, Collection collection, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
			super( node, mappings, collection, inheritedMetas );
		}

		public void secondPass(java.util.Map persistentClasses, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
				throws MappingException {
			HbmBinder.bindIdentifierCollectionSecondPass(
					node,
					(IdentifierCollection) collection,
					persistentClasses,
					mappings,
					inheritedMetas
				);
		}

	}

	static class MapSecondPass extends CollectionSecondPass {
		MapSecondPass(Element node, Mappings mappings, Map collection, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
			super( node, mappings, collection, inheritedMetas );
		}

		public void secondPass(java.util.Map persistentClasses, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
				throws MappingException {
			HbmBinder.bindMapSecondPass(
					node,
					(Map) collection,
					persistentClasses,
					mappings,
					inheritedMetas
				);
		}

	}


	static class ManyToOneSecondPass implements SecondPass {
		private final ManyToOne manyToOne;

		ManyToOneSecondPass(ManyToOne manyToOne) {
			this.manyToOne = manyToOne;
		}

		public void doSecondPass(java.util.Map persistentClasses) throws MappingException {
			manyToOne.createPropertyRefConstraints(persistentClasses);
		}

	}

	static class ListSecondPass extends CollectionSecondPass {
		ListSecondPass(Element node, Mappings mappings, List collection, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) {
			super( node, mappings, collection, inheritedMetas );
		}

		public void secondPass(java.util.Map persistentClasses, java.util.Map inheritedMetas)
				throws MappingException {
			HbmBinder.bindListSecondPass(
					node,
					(List) collection,
					persistentClasses,
					mappings,
					inheritedMetas
				);
		}

	}

	// This inner class implements a case statement....perhaps im being a bit over-clever here
	abstract static class CollectionType {
		private String xmlTag;

		public abstract Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
				Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException;

		CollectionType(String xmlTag) {
			this.xmlTag = xmlTag;
		}

		public String toString() {
			return xmlTag;
		}

		private static final CollectionType MAP = new CollectionType( "map" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				Map map = new Map( mappings, owner );
				bindCollection( node, map, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return map;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType SET = new CollectionType( "set" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				Set set = new Set( mappings, owner );
				bindCollection( node, set, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return set;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType LIST = new CollectionType( "list" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				List list = new List( mappings, owner );
				bindCollection( node, list, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return list;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType BAG = new CollectionType( "bag" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				Bag bag = new Bag( mappings, owner );
				bindCollection( node, bag, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return bag;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType IDBAG = new CollectionType( "idbag" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				IdentifierBag bag = new IdentifierBag( mappings, owner );
				bindCollection( node, bag, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return bag;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType ARRAY = new CollectionType( "array" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				Array array = new Array( mappings, owner );
				bindArray( node, array, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return array;
			}
		};
		private static final CollectionType PRIMITIVE_ARRAY = new CollectionType( "primitive-array" ) {
			public Collection create(Element node, String path, PersistentClass owner,
					Mappings mappings, java.util.Map inheritedMetas) throws MappingException {
				PrimitiveArray array = new PrimitiveArray( mappings, owner );
				bindArray( node, array, owner.getEntityName(), path, mappings, inheritedMetas );
				return array;
			}
		};
		private static final HashMap INSTANCES = new HashMap();

		static {
			INSTANCES.put( MAP.toString(), MAP );
			INSTANCES.put( BAG.toString(), BAG );
			INSTANCES.put( IDBAG.toString(), IDBAG );
			INSTANCES.put( SET.toString(), SET );
			INSTANCES.put( LIST.toString(), LIST );
			INSTANCES.put( ARRAY.toString(), ARRAY );
			INSTANCES.put( PRIMITIVE_ARRAY.toString(), PRIMITIVE_ARRAY );
		}

		public static CollectionType collectionTypeFromString(String xmlTagName) {
			return (CollectionType) INSTANCES.get( xmlTagName );
		}
	}

	private static int getOptimisticLockMode(Attribute olAtt) throws MappingException {

		if ( olAtt == null ) return Versioning.OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_VERSION;
		String olMode = olAtt.getValue();
		if ( olMode == null || "version".equals( olMode ) ) {
			return Versioning.OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_VERSION;
		}
		else if ( "dirty".equals( olMode ) ) {
			return Versioning.OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_DIRTY;
		}
		else if ( "all".equals( olMode ) ) {
			return Versioning.OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_ALL;
		}
		else if ( "none".equals( olMode ) ) {
			return Versioning.OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_NONE;
		}
		else {
			throw new MappingException( "Unsupported optimistic-lock style: " + olMode );
		}
	}

	private static final java.util.Map getMetas(Element node, java.util.Map inheritedMeta) {
		return getMetas( node, inheritedMeta, false );
	}

	public static final java.util.Map getMetas(Element node, java.util.Map inheritedMeta,
			boolean onlyInheritable) {
		java.util.Map map = new HashMap();
		map.putAll( inheritedMeta );

		Iterator iter = node.elementIterator( "meta" );
		while ( iter.hasNext() ) {
			Element metaNode = (Element) iter.next();
			boolean inheritable = Boolean
				.valueOf( metaNode.attributeValue( "inherit" ) )
				.booleanValue();
			if ( onlyInheritable & !inheritable ) {
				continue;
			}
			String name = metaNode.attributeValue( "attribute" );

			MetaAttribute meta = (MetaAttribute) map.get( name );
			MetaAttribute inheritedAttribute = (MetaAttribute) inheritedMeta.get( name );
			if ( meta == null  ) {
				meta = new MetaAttribute( name );
				map.put( name, meta );
			} else if (meta == inheritedAttribute) { // overriding inherited meta attribute. HBX-621 & HBX-793
				meta = new MetaAttribute( name );
				map.put( name, meta );
			}
			meta.addValue( metaNode.getText() );
		}
		return map;
	}

	public static String getEntityName(Element elem, Mappings model) {
		String entityName = elem.attributeValue( "entity-name" );
		return entityName == null ? getClassName( elem.attribute( "class" ), model ) : entityName;
	}

	private static String getClassName(Attribute att, Mappings model) {
		if ( att == null ) return null;
		return getClassName( att.getValue(), model );
	}

	public static String getClassName(String unqualifiedName, Mappings model) {
		return getClassName( unqualifiedName, model.getDefaultPackage() );
	}

	public static String getClassName(String unqualifiedName, String defaultPackage) {
		if ( unqualifiedName == null ) return null;
		if ( unqualifiedName.indexOf( '.' ) < 0 && defaultPackage != null ) {
			return defaultPackage + '.' + unqualifiedName;
		}
		return unqualifiedName;
	}

	private static void parseFilterDef(Element element, Mappings mappings) {
		String name = element.attributeValue( "name" );
        LOG.debugf("Parsing filter-def [%s]", name);
		String defaultCondition = element.getTextTrim();
		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty( defaultCondition ) ) {
			defaultCondition = element.attributeValue( "condition" );
		}
		HashMap paramMappings = new HashMap();
		Iterator params = element.elementIterator( "filter-param" );
		while ( params.hasNext() ) {
			final Element param = (Element) params.next();
			final String paramName = param.attributeValue( "name" );
			final String paramType = param.attributeValue( "type" );
            LOG.debugf("Adding filter parameter : %s -> %s", paramName, paramType);
			final Type heuristicType = mappings.getTypeResolver().heuristicType( paramType );
            LOG.debugf("Parameter heuristic type : %s", heuristicType);
			paramMappings.put( paramName, heuristicType );
		}
        LOG.debugf("Parsed filter-def [%s]", name);
		FilterDefinition def = new FilterDefinition( name, defaultCondition, paramMappings );
		mappings.addFilterDefinition( def );
	}

	private static void parseFilter(Element filterElement, Filterable filterable, Mappings model) {
		final String name = filterElement.attributeValue( "name" );
		String condition = filterElement.getTextTrim();
		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty(condition) ) {
			condition = filterElement.attributeValue( "condition" );
		}
		//TODO: bad implementation, cos it depends upon ordering of mapping doc
		//      fixing this requires that Collection/PersistentClass gain access
		//      to the Mappings reference from Configuration (or the filterDefinitions
		//      map directly) sometime during Configuration.buildSessionFactory
		//      (after all the types/filter-defs are known and before building
		//      persisters).
		if ( StringHelper.isEmpty(condition) ) {
			condition = model.getFilterDefinition(name).getDefaultFilterCondition();
		}
		if ( condition==null) {
			throw new MappingException("no filter condition found for filter: " + name);
		}
        LOG.debugf("Applying filter [%s] as [%s]", name, condition);
		filterable.addFilter( name, condition );
	}

	private static void parseFetchProfile(Element element, Mappings mappings, String containingEntityName) {
		String profileName = element.attributeValue( "name" );
		FetchProfile profile = mappings.findOrCreateFetchProfile( profileName, MetadataSource.HBM );
		Iterator itr = element.elementIterator( "fetch" );
		while ( itr.hasNext() ) {
			final Element fetchElement = ( Element ) itr.next();
			final String association = fetchElement.attributeValue( "association" );
			final String style = fetchElement.attributeValue( "style" );
			String entityName = fetchElement.attributeValue( "entity" );
			if ( entityName == null ) {
				entityName = containingEntityName;
			}
			if ( entityName == null ) {
				throw new MappingException( "could not determine entity for fetch-profile fetch [" + profileName + "]:[" + association + "]" );
			}
			profile.addFetch( entityName, association, style );
		}
	}

	private static String getSubselect(Element element) {
		String subselect = element.attributeValue( "subselect" );
		if ( subselect != null ) {
			return subselect;
		}
		else {
			Element subselectElement = element.element( "subselect" );
			return subselectElement == null ? null : subselectElement.getText();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * For the given document, locate all extends attributes which refer to
	 * entities (entity-name or class-name) not defined within said document.
	 *
	 * @param metadataXml The document to check
	 * @param mappings The already processed mappings.
	 * @return The list of unresolved extends names.
	 */
	public static java.util.List<String> getExtendsNeeded(XmlDocument metadataXml, Mappings mappings) {
		java.util.List<String> extendz = new ArrayList();
		Iterator[] subclasses = new Iterator[3];
		final Element hmNode = metadataXml.getDocumentTree().getRootElement();

		Attribute packNode = hmNode.attribute( "package" );
		final String packageName = packNode == null ? null : packNode.getValue();
		if ( packageName != null ) {
			mappings.setDefaultPackage( packageName );
		}

		// first, iterate over all elements capable of defining an extends attribute
		// collecting all found extends references if they cannot be resolved
		// against the already processed mappings.
		subclasses[0] = hmNode.elementIterator( "subclass" );
		subclasses[1] = hmNode.elementIterator( "joined-subclass" );
		subclasses[2] = hmNode.elementIterator( "union-subclass" );

		Iterator iterator = new JoinedIterator( subclasses );
		while ( iterator.hasNext() ) {
			final Element element = (Element) iterator.next();
			final String extendsName = element.attributeValue( "extends" );
			// mappings might contain either the "raw" extends name (in the case of
			// an entity-name mapping) or a FQN (in the case of a POJO mapping).
			if ( mappings.getClass( extendsName ) == null && mappings.getClass( getClassName( extendsName, mappings ) ) == null ) {
				extendz.add( extendsName );
			}
		}

		if ( !extendz.isEmpty() ) {
			// we found some extends attributes referencing entities which were
			// not already processed.  here we need to locate all entity-names
			// and class-names contained in this document itself, making sure
			// that these get removed from the extendz list such that only
			// extends names which require us to delay processing (i.e.
			// external to this document and not yet processed) are contained
			// in the returned result
			final java.util.Set<String> set = new HashSet( extendz );
			EntityElementHandler handler = new EntityElementHandler() {
				public void handleEntity(String entityName, String className, Mappings mappings) {
					if ( entityName != null ) {
						set.remove( entityName );
					}
					else {
						String fqn = getClassName( className, packageName );
						set.remove( fqn );
						if ( packageName != null ) {
							set.remove( StringHelper.unqualify( fqn ) );
						}
					}
				}
			};
			recognizeEntities( mappings, hmNode, handler );
			extendz.clear();
			extendz.addAll( set );
		}

		return extendz;
	}

	/**
	 * Given an entity-containing-element (startNode) recursively locate all
	 * entity names defined within that element.
	 *
	 * @param mappings The already processed mappings
	 * @param startNode The containing element
	 * @param handler The thing that knows what to do whenever we recognize an
	 * entity-name
	 */
	private static void recognizeEntities(
			Mappings mappings,
	        final Element startNode,
			EntityElementHandler handler) {
		Iterator[] classes = new Iterator[4];
		classes[0] = startNode.elementIterator( "class" );
		classes[1] = startNode.elementIterator( "subclass" );
		classes[2] = startNode.elementIterator( "joined-subclass" );
		classes[3] = startNode.elementIterator( "union-subclass" );

		Iterator classIterator = new JoinedIterator( classes );
		while ( classIterator.hasNext() ) {
			Element element = (Element) classIterator.next();
			handler.handleEntity(
					element.attributeValue( "entity-name" ),
		            element.attributeValue( "name" ),
			        mappings
			);
			recognizeEntities( mappings, element, handler );
		}
	}

	private static interface EntityElementHandler {
		public void handleEntity(String entityName, String className, Mappings mappings);
	}
}

Other Hibernate examples (source code examples)

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