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Scala example source code file (GenJVM.scala)

This example Scala source code file (GenJVM.scala) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

Java - Scala tags/keywords

annotationinfo, array, array, bool, double, int, int, io, jar, jclass, list, list, long, nio, string, symbol, symbol

The Scala GenJVM.scala source code

/* NSC -- new Scala compiler
 * Copyright 2005-2011 LAMP/EPFL
 * @author  Iulian Dragos
 */


package scala.tools.nsc
package backend.jvm

import java.io.{ DataOutputStream, OutputStream }
import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import scala.collection.{ mutable, immutable }
import scala.reflect.generic.{ PickleFormat, PickleBuffer }
import scala.tools.reflect.SigParser
import scala.tools.nsc.io.{ AbstractFile, Path }
import scala.tools.nsc.util.ScalaClassLoader
import scala.tools.nsc.symtab._
import scala.tools.nsc.symtab.classfile.ClassfileConstants._
import ch.epfl.lamp.fjbg._
import JAccessFlags._
import JObjectType.{ JAVA_LANG_STRING, JAVA_LANG_OBJECT }
import java.util.jar.{ JarEntry, JarOutputStream }

/** This class ...
 *
 *  @author  Iulian Dragos
 *  @version 1.0
 * 
 */
abstract class GenJVM extends SubComponent with GenJVMUtil with GenAndroid with BytecodeWriters {
  import global._
  import icodes._
  import icodes.opcodes._
  import definitions.{
    NullClass, RuntimeNullClass, NothingClass, RuntimeNothingClass,
    AnyClass, ObjectClass, ThrowsClass, ThrowableClass, ClassfileAnnotationClass,
    SerializableClass, StringClass, ClassClass, FunctionClass,
    DeprecatedAttr, SerializableAttr, SerialVersionUIDAttr, VolatileAttr,
    TransientAttr, CloneableAttr, RemoteAttr
  }

  val phaseName = "jvm"

  /** Create a new phase */
  override def newPhase(p: Phase): Phase = new JvmPhase(p)
  
  private def outputDirectory(sym: Symbol): AbstractFile = (
    settings.outputDirs.outputDirFor {
      atPhase(currentRun.flattenPhase.prev)(sym.sourceFile)
    }
  )  
  private def getFile(base: AbstractFile, cls: JClass, suffix: String): AbstractFile = {
    var dir = base
    val pathParts = cls.getName().split("[./]").toList
    for (part <- pathParts.init) {
      dir = dir.subdirectoryNamed(part)
    }
    dir.fileNamed(pathParts.last + suffix)
  }
  private def getFile(sym: Symbol, cls: JClass, suffix: String): AbstractFile =
    getFile(outputDirectory(sym), cls, suffix)

  /** JVM code generation phase
   */
  class JvmPhase(prev: Phase) extends ICodePhase(prev) {
    def name = phaseName
    override def erasedTypes = true
    def apply(cls: IClass) = sys.error("no implementation")

    override def run() {
      // we reinstantiate the bytecode generator at each run, to allow the GC
      // to collect everything
      if (settings.debug.value) inform("[running phase " + name + " on icode]")
      if (settings.Xdce.value)
        for ((sym, cls) <- icodes.classes if inliner.isClosureClass(sym) && !deadCode.liveClosures(sym))
          icodes.classes -= sym
        
      val bytecodeWriter = settings.outputDirs.getSingleOutput match {
        case Some(f) if f hasExtension "jar"    =>
          new DirectToJarfileWriter(f)
        case _                                  =>
          if (settings.Ygenjavap.isDefault) new ClassBytecodeWriter { }
          else new ClassBytecodeWriter with JavapBytecodeWriter { }
      }
      val codeGenerator = new BytecodeGenerator(bytecodeWriter)
      classes.values foreach (codeGenerator genClass _)
      bytecodeWriter.close()
      classes.clear()
    }
  }

  /** Return the suffix of a class name */
  def moduleSuffix(sym: Symbol) =
    if (sym.hasModuleFlag && !sym.isMethod &&
       !sym.isImplClass && !sym.isJavaDefined) "$"
    else ""

  var pickledBytes = 0 // statistics

  /**
   * Java bytecode generator.
   *
   */
  class BytecodeGenerator(bytecodeWriter: BytecodeWriter) extends BytecodeUtil {
    def this() = this(new ClassBytecodeWriter { })
    def debugLevel = settings.debuginfo.indexOfChoice
    import bytecodeWriter.writeClass

    val MIN_SWITCH_DENSITY = 0.7
    val INNER_CLASSES_FLAGS =
      (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED | ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_INTERFACE | ACC_ABSTRACT)
    
    val PublicStatic      = ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC
    val PublicStaticFinal = ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL

    val StringBuilderClassName = definitions.StringBuilderClass.fullName
    val BoxesRunTime = "scala.runtime.BoxesRunTime"

    val StringBuilderType = new JObjectType(StringBuilderClassName)
    val toStringType      = new JMethodType(JAVA_LANG_STRING, JType.EMPTY_ARRAY)
    val arrayCloneType    = new JMethodType(JAVA_LANG_OBJECT, JType.EMPTY_ARRAY)
    val MethodTypeType    = new JObjectType("java.dyn.MethodType")
    val JavaLangClassType = new JObjectType("java.lang.Class")
    val MethodHandleType  = new JObjectType("java.dyn.MethodHandle")

    // Scala attributes
    val BeanInfoAttr     = definitions.getClass("scala.reflect.BeanInfo")
    val BeanInfoSkipAttr = definitions.getClass("scala.reflect.BeanInfoSkip")
    val BeanDisplayNameAttr = definitions.getClass("scala.reflect.BeanDisplayName")
    val BeanDescriptionAttr = definitions.getClass("scala.reflect.BeanDescription")

    lazy val CloneableClass  = definitions.getClass("java.lang.Cloneable")
    lazy val RemoteInterface = definitions.getClass("java.rmi.Remote")
    lazy val RemoteException = definitions.getClass("java.rmi.RemoteException").tpe

    val versionPickle = {
      val vp = new PickleBuffer(new Array[Byte](16), -1, 0)
      assert(vp.writeIndex == 0)
      vp writeNat PickleFormat.MajorVersion
      vp writeNat PickleFormat.MinorVersion
      vp writeNat 0
      vp
    }

    var clasz: IClass = _
    var method: IMethod = _
    var jclass: JClass = _
    var jmethod: JMethod = _
//    var jcode: JExtendedCode = _

    val fjbgContext = new FJBGContext(49, 0)

    val emitSource = debugLevel >= 1
    val emitLines  = debugLevel >= 2
    val emitVars   = debugLevel >= 3
    
    override def javaName(sym: Symbol): String = {
      if (sym.isClass && !sym.rawowner.isPackageClass && !sym.isModuleClass)
        innerClassBuffer += sym
      
      super.javaName(sym)
    }

    /** Write a class to disk, adding the Scala signature (pickled type
     *  information) and inner classes.
     * 
     * @param jclass The FJBG class, where code was emitted
     * @param sym    The corresponding symbol, used for looking up pickled information
     */
    def emitClass(jclass: JClass, sym: Symbol) {
      addInnerClasses(jclass)
      writeClass("" + sym.name, jclass, sym)
    }

    /** Returns the ScalaSignature annotation if it must be added to this class,
     *  none otherwise; furthermore, it adds to `jclass` the ScalaSig marker
     *  attribute (marking that a scala signature annotation is present) or the
     *  Scala marker attribute (marking that the signature for this class is in
     *  another file). The annotation that is returned by this method must be
     *  added to the class' annotations list when generating them.
     *
     *  @param jclass The class file that is being readied.
     *  @param sym    The symbol for which the signature has been entered in
     *                the symData map. This is different than the symbol
     *                that is being generated in the case of a mirror class.
     *  @return       An option that is:
     *                - defined and contains an annotation info of the
     *                  ScalaSignature type, instantiated with the pickle
     *                  signature for sym (a ScalaSig marker attribute has
     *                  been written);
     *                - undefined if the jclass/sym couple must not contain a
     *                  signature (a Scala marker attribute has been written).
     */
    def scalaSignatureAddingMarker(jclass: JClass, sym: Symbol): Option[AnnotationInfo] =
      currentRun.symData get sym match {
        case Some(pickle) if !jclass.getName().endsWith("$") =>
          val scalaAttr =
            fjbgContext.JOtherAttribute(jclass, jclass, tpnme.ScalaSignatureATTR.toString,
                                        versionPickle.bytes, versionPickle.writeIndex)
          jclass addAttribute scalaAttr
          val scalaAnnot = {
            val sigBytes = ScalaSigBytes(pickle.bytes.take(pickle.writeIndex))
            AnnotationInfo(sigBytes.sigAnnot, Nil, List((nme.bytes, sigBytes)))
          }
          pickledBytes += pickle.writeIndex
          currentRun.symData -= sym
          currentRun.symData -= sym.companionSymbol
          Some(scalaAnnot)
        case _ =>
          val markerAttr =
            fjbgContext.JOtherAttribute(jclass, jclass, tpnme.ScalaATTR.toString, new Array[Byte](0), 0)
          jclass addAttribute markerAttr
          None
      }

    var serialVUID: Option[Long] = None
    var isRemoteClass: Boolean = false
    var isParcelableClass = false

    private val innerClassBuffer = new mutable.ListBuffer[Symbol]

    def genClass(c: IClass) {
      clasz = c
      innerClassBuffer.clear()

      var parents = c.symbol.info.parents
      var ifaces  = JClass.NO_INTERFACES
      val name    = javaName(c.symbol)
      serialVUID  = None
      isRemoteClass = false
      isParcelableClass = isAndroidParcelableClass(c.symbol)

      if (parents.isEmpty)
        parents = List(ObjectClass.tpe)

      for (annot <- c.symbol.annotations) annot match {
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, _, _) if tp.typeSymbol == SerializableAttr =>
          parents :+= SerializableClass.tpe
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, _, _) if tp.typeSymbol == CloneableAttr =>
          parents :+= CloneableClass.tpe
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, Literal(const) :: _, _) if tp.typeSymbol == SerialVersionUIDAttr =>
          serialVUID = Some(const.longValue)
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, _, _) if tp.typeSymbol == RemoteAttr =>
          parents :+= RemoteInterface.tpe
          isRemoteClass = true
        case _ =>
      }

      parents = parents.distinct

      if (parents.tail.nonEmpty)
        ifaces = mkArray(parents drop 1 map (x => javaName(x.typeSymbol)))

      jclass = fjbgContext.JClass(javaFlags(c.symbol),
                                  name,
                                  javaName(parents(0).typeSymbol),
                                  ifaces,
                                  c.cunit.source.toString)

      if (isStaticModule(c.symbol) || serialVUID != None || isParcelableClass ||
          clasz.bootstrapClass.isDefined) {
        if (isStaticModule(c.symbol))
          addModuleInstanceField
        addStaticInit(jclass, c.lookupStaticCtor)

        if (isTopLevelModule(c.symbol)) {
          if (c.symbol.companionClass == NoSymbol)
            dumpMirrorClass(c.symbol, c.cunit.source.toString)
          else
            log("No mirror class for module with linked class: " +
                c.symbol.fullName)
        }
      }
      else {
        c.lookupStaticCtor foreach (constructor => addStaticInit(jclass, Some(constructor)))

        // it must be a top level class (name contains no $s)
        def isCandidateForForwarders(sym: Symbol): Boolean =
          atPhase(currentRun.picklerPhase.next) {
            !(sym.name.toString contains '$') && sym.hasModuleFlag && !sym.isImplClass && !sym.isNestedClass
          }

        // At some point this started throwing lots of exceptions as a compile was finishing.
        // error: java.lang.AssertionError:
        //   assertion failed: List(object package$CompositeThrowable, object package$CompositeThrowable)
        // ...is the one I've seen repeatedly.  Suppressing.
        val lmoc = (
          try c.symbol.companionModule
          catch { case x: AssertionError =>
            Console.println("Suppressing failed assert: " + x)
            NoSymbol
          }
        )
        // add static forwarders if there are no name conflicts; see bugs #363 and #1735
        if (lmoc != NoSymbol && !c.symbol.isInterface) {
          if (isCandidateForForwarders(lmoc) && !settings.noForwarders.value) {
            log("Adding static forwarders from '%s' to implementations in '%s'".format(c.symbol, lmoc))
            addForwarders(jclass, lmoc.moduleClass)
          }
        }
      }

      if (clasz.bootstrapClass.isDefined)
        jclass setBootstrapClass clasz.bootstrapClass.get

      clasz.fields foreach genField
      clasz.methods foreach genMethod

      val ssa = scalaSignatureAddingMarker(jclass, c.symbol)
      addGenericSignature(jclass, c.symbol, c.symbol.owner)
      addAnnotations(jclass, c.symbol.annotations ++ ssa)

      addEnclosingMethodAttribute(jclass, c.symbol)
      emitClass(jclass, c.symbol)
      
      if (c.symbol hasAnnotation BeanInfoAttr)
        genBeanInfoClass(c)
    }

    private def addEnclosingMethodAttribute(jclass: JClass, clazz: Symbol) {
      val sym = clazz.originalEnclosingMethod
      if (sym.isMethod) {
        log("enclosing method for %s is %s (in %s)".format(clazz, sym, sym.enclClass))
        jclass addAttribute fjbgContext.JEnclosingMethodAttribute(
          jclass,
          javaName(sym.enclClass),
          javaName(sym),
          javaType(sym)
        )
      } else if (clazz.isAnonymousClass) {
        val enclClass = clazz.rawowner        
        assert(enclClass.isClass, "" + enclClass)
        val sym = enclClass.primaryConstructor
        if (sym == NoSymbol)
          log("Ran out of room looking for an enclosing method for %s: no constructor here.".format(
            enclClass, clazz)
          )
        else {
          log("enclosing method for %s is %s (in %s)".format(clazz, sym, enclClass))
          jclass addAttribute fjbgContext.JEnclosingMethodAttribute(
            jclass,
            javaName(enclClass),
            javaName(sym),
            javaType(sym).asInstanceOf[JMethodType]
          )
        }
      }
    }

    /**
     * Generate a bean info class that describes the given class.
     *
     * @author Ross Judson (ross.judson@soletta.com)
     */
    def genBeanInfoClass(c: IClass) {
      val description = c.symbol.annotations.find(_.atp.typeSymbol == BeanDescriptionAttr)
      // informProgress(description.toString)

      val beanInfoClass = fjbgContext.JClass(javaFlags(c.symbol),
            javaName(c.symbol) + "BeanInfo",
            "scala/reflect/ScalaBeanInfo",
            JClass.NO_INTERFACES,
            c.cunit.source.toString)

      var fieldList = List[String]()
      for (f <- clasz.fields if f.symbol.hasGetter;
	         val g = f.symbol.getter(c.symbol);
	         val s = f.symbol.setter(c.symbol);
	         if g.isPublic && !(f.symbol.name startsWith "$"))  // inserting $outer breaks the bean
        fieldList = javaName(f.symbol) :: javaName(g) :: (if (s != NoSymbol) javaName(s) else null) :: fieldList
      val methodList = 
	     for (m <- clasz.methods 
	         if !m.symbol.isConstructor &&
	         m.symbol.isPublic &&
	         !(m.symbol.name startsWith "$") &&
	         !m.symbol.isGetter &&
	         !m.symbol.isSetter) yield javaName(m.symbol)

      val constructor = beanInfoClass.addNewMethod(ACC_PUBLIC, "<init>", JType.VOID, new Array[JType](0), new Array[String](0))
      val jcode = constructor.getCode().asInstanceOf[JExtendedCode]
      val strKind = new JObjectType(javaName(StringClass))
      val stringArrayKind = new JArrayType(strKind)
      val conType = new JMethodType(JType.VOID, Array(javaType(ClassClass), stringArrayKind, stringArrayKind))

      def push(lst:Seq[String]) {
        var fi = 0
        for (f <- lst) {
          jcode.emitDUP()
          jcode emitPUSH fi
          if (f != null)
            jcode emitPUSH f
          else
            jcode.emitACONST_NULL()
          jcode emitASTORE strKind
          fi += 1
        } 
      }

      jcode.emitALOAD_0()
      // push the class
      jcode emitPUSH javaType(c.symbol).asInstanceOf[JReferenceType]

      // push the the string array of field information
      jcode emitPUSH fieldList.length
      jcode emitANEWARRAY strKind
      push(fieldList)

      // push the string array of method information	
      jcode emitPUSH methodList.length
      jcode emitANEWARRAY strKind
      push(methodList)

      // invoke the superclass constructor, which will do the
      // necessary java reflection and create Method objects.	
      jcode.emitINVOKESPECIAL("scala/reflect/ScalaBeanInfo", "<init>", conType)
      jcode.emitRETURN()

      // write the bean information class file.
      writeClass("BeanInfo ", beanInfoClass, c.symbol)
    }

    /** Add the given 'throws' attributes to jmethod */
    def addExceptionsAttribute(jmethod: JMethod, excs: List[AnnotationInfo]) {
      if (excs.isEmpty) return

      val cpool = jmethod.getConstantPool
      val buf: ByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(512)
      var nattr = 0

      // put some random value; the actual number is determined at the end
      buf putShort 0xbaba.toShort

      for (AnnotationInfo(tp, List(exc), _) <- excs.distinct if tp.typeSymbol == ThrowsClass) {
        val Literal(const) = exc
        buf.putShort(
          cpool.addClass(
            javaName(const.typeValue.typeSymbol)).shortValue)
        nattr += 1
      }

      assert(nattr > 0)
      buf.putShort(0, nattr.toShort)
      addAttribute(jmethod, tpnme.ExceptionsATTR, buf)
    }

    /** Whether an annotation should be emitted as a Java annotation
     *   .initialize: if 'annot' is read from pickle, atp might be un-initialized
     */
    private def shouldEmitAnnotation(annot: AnnotationInfo) =
      annot.atp.typeSymbol.initialize.isJavaDefined &&
      annot.atp.typeSymbol.isNonBottomSubClass(ClassfileAnnotationClass) &&
      annot.args.isEmpty

    private def emitJavaAnnotations(cpool: JConstantPool, buf: ByteBuffer, annotations: List[AnnotationInfo]): Int = {
      def emitArgument(arg: ClassfileAnnotArg): Unit = arg match {
        case LiteralAnnotArg(const) =>
          const.tag match {
            case BooleanTag =>
              buf put 'Z'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addInteger(if(const.booleanValue) 1 else 0).toShort
            case ByteTag    =>
              buf put 'B'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addInteger(const.byteValue).toShort
            case ShortTag   =>
              buf put 'S'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addInteger(const.shortValue).toShort
            case CharTag    =>
              buf put 'C'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addInteger(const.charValue).toShort
            case IntTag     =>
              buf put 'I'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addInteger(const.intValue).toShort
            case LongTag    =>
              buf put 'J'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addLong(const.longValue).toShort
            case FloatTag   =>
              buf put 'F'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addFloat(const.floatValue).toShort
            case DoubleTag  =>
              buf put 'D'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addDouble(const.doubleValue).toShort
            case StringTag  =>
              buf put 's'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(const.stringValue).toShort
            case ClassTag   =>
              buf put 'c'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(javaType(const.typeValue).getSignature()).toShort
            case EnumTag =>
              buf put 'e'.toByte
              buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(javaType(const.tpe).getSignature()).toShort
              buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(const.symbolValue.name.toString).toShort
          }

        case sb@ScalaSigBytes(bytes) if !sb.isLong =>
          buf put 's'.toByte
          buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(sb.encodedBytes).toShort

        case sb@ScalaSigBytes(bytes) if sb.isLong =>
          buf put '['.toByte
          val stringCount = (sb.encodedBytes.length / 65534) + 1
          buf putShort stringCount.toShort
          for (i <- 0 until stringCount) {
            buf put 's'.toByte
            val j = i * 65535
            val string = sb.encodedBytes.slice(j, j + 65535)
            buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(string).toShort
          }

        case ArrayAnnotArg(args) =>
          buf put '['.toByte
          buf putShort args.length.toShort
          args foreach emitArgument

        case NestedAnnotArg(annInfo) =>
          buf put '@'.toByte
          emitAnnotation(annInfo)
      }

      def emitAnnotation(annotInfo: AnnotationInfo) {
        val AnnotationInfo(typ, args, assocs) = annotInfo
        val jtype = javaType(typ)
        buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(jtype.getSignature()).toShort
        assert(args.isEmpty, args.toString)
        buf putShort assocs.length.toShort
        for ((name, value) <- assocs) {
          buf putShort cpool.addUtf8(name.toString).toShort
          emitArgument(value)
        }
      }

      var nannots = 0
      val pos = buf.position()

      // put some random value; the actual number of annotations is determined at the end
      buf putShort 0xbaba.toShort

      for (annot <- annotations if shouldEmitAnnotation(annot)) {
        nannots += 1
        emitAnnotation(annot)
      }

      // save the number of annotations
      buf.putShort(pos, nannots.toShort)
      nannots
    }

    /** Run the signature parser to catch bogus signatures.
     */
    def isValidSignature(sym: Symbol, sig: String) = (
      if (sym.isMethod) SigParser verifyMethod sig
      else if (sym.isTerm) SigParser verifyType sig
      else SigParser verifyClass sig
    )

    // @M don't generate java generics sigs for (members of) implementation
    // classes, as they are monomorphic (TODO: ok?)
    private def needsGenericSignature(sym: Symbol) = !(
      // PP: This condition used to include sym.hasExpandedName, but this leads
      // to the total loss of generic information if a private member is
      // accessed from a closure: both the field and the accessor were generated
      // without it.  This is particularly bad because the availability of
      // generic information could disappear as a consequence of a seemingly
      // unrelated change.
         sym.isSynthetic
      || sym.isLiftedMethod
      || sym.isBridge
      || (sym.ownerChain exists (_.isImplClass))
    )
    def addGenericSignature(jmember: JMember, sym: Symbol, owner: Symbol) {
      if (needsGenericSignature(sym)) {
        val memberTpe = atPhase(currentRun.erasurePhase)(owner.thisType.memberInfo(sym))
        // println("addGenericSignature sym: " + sym.fullName + " : " + memberTpe + " sym.info: " + sym.info)
        // println("addGenericSignature: "+ (sym.ownerChain map (x => (x.name, x.isImplClass))))
        erasure.javaSig(sym, memberTpe) foreach { sig =>
          /** Since we're using a sun internal class for signature validation,
           *  we have to allow for it not existing or otherwise malfunctioning:
           *  in which case we treat every signature as valid.  Medium term we
           *  should certainly write independent signature validation.
           */
          if (settings.Xverify.value && SigParser.isParserAvailable && !isValidSignature(sym, sig)) {
            clasz.cunit.warning(sym.pos, 
                """|compiler bug: created invalid generic signature for %s in %s
                   |signature: %s
                   |if this is reproducible, please report bug at http://lampsvn.epfl.ch/trac/scala
                """.trim.stripMargin.format(sym, sym.owner.skipPackageObject.fullName, sig))
            return
          }
          if ((settings.check.value contains "genjvm")) {
            val normalizedTpe = atPhase(currentRun.erasurePhase)(erasure.prepareSigMap(memberTpe))
            val bytecodeTpe = owner.thisType.memberInfo(sym)
            if (!sym.isType && !sym.isConstructor && !(erasure.erasure(normalizedTpe) =:= bytecodeTpe)) {
              clasz.cunit.warning(sym.pos, 
                  """|compiler bug: created generic signature for %s in %s that does not conform to its erasure
                     |signature: %s
                     |original type: %s
                     |normalized type: %s
                     |erasure type: %s
                     |if this is reproducible, please report bug at http://lampsvn.epfl.ch/trac/scala
                  """.trim.stripMargin.format(sym, sym.owner.skipPackageObject.fullName, sig, memberTpe, normalizedTpe, bytecodeTpe))
               return
            }
          }
          val index = jmember.getConstantPool.addUtf8(sig).toShort
          if (opt.verboseDebug) 
            atPhase(currentRun.erasurePhase) {
              println("add generic sig "+sym+":"+sym.info+" ==> "+sig+" @ "+index)
            }
          val buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(2)
          buf putShort index
          addAttribute(jmember, tpnme.SignatureATTR, buf)
        }
      }
    }

    def addAnnotations(jmember: JMember, annotations: List[AnnotationInfo]) {
      if (annotations.exists(_.atp.typeSymbol == definitions.DeprecatedAttr)) {
        val attr = jmember.getContext().JOtherAttribute(
          jmember.getJClass(), jmember, tpnme.DeprecatedATTR.toString,
          new Array[Byte](0), 0)
        jmember addAttribute attr
      }

      val toEmit = annotations filter shouldEmitAnnotation
      if (toEmit.isEmpty) return

      val buf: ByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2048)
      emitJavaAnnotations(jmember.getConstantPool, buf, toEmit)
      addAttribute(jmember, tpnme.RuntimeAnnotationATTR, buf)
    }

    def addParamAnnotations(jmethod: JMethod, pannotss: List[List[AnnotationInfo]]) {
      val annotations = pannotss map (_ filter shouldEmitAnnotation)
      if (annotations forall (_.isEmpty)) return

      val buf: ByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2048)

      // number of parameters
      buf.put(annotations.length.toByte)
      for (annots <- annotations)
        emitJavaAnnotations(jmethod.getConstantPool, buf, annots)

      addAttribute(jmethod, tpnme.RuntimeParamAnnotationATTR, buf)
    }

    def addAttribute(jmember: JMember, name: Name, buf: ByteBuffer) {
      if (buf.position() < 2)
        return

      val length = buf.position()
      val arr = buf.array().slice(0, length)

      val attr = jmember.getContext().JOtherAttribute(jmember.getJClass(),
                                                      jmember,
                                                      name.toString,
                                                      arr,
                                                      length)
      jmember addAttribute attr
    }

    def addInnerClasses(jclass: JClass) {
      /** The outer name for this inner class. Note that it returns null
       *  when the inner class should not get an index in the constant pool.
       *  That means non-member classes (anonymous). See Section 4.7.5 in the JVMS.
       */
      def outerName(innerSym: Symbol): String = {
        if (innerSym.originalEnclosingMethod != NoSymbol)
          null
        else {
          val outerName = javaName(innerSym.rawowner)
          if (isTopLevelModule(innerSym.rawowner)) outerName stripSuffix "$"
          else outerName
        }
      }

      def innerName(innerSym: Symbol): String = 
        if (innerSym.isAnonymousClass || innerSym.isAnonymousFunction)
          null
        else
          innerSym.rawname.toString

      // add inner classes which might not have been referenced yet
      atPhase(currentRun.erasurePhase.next) {
        for (sym <- List(clasz.symbol, clasz.symbol.linkedClassOfClass) ; m <- sym.info.decls ; if m.isClass)
          innerClassBuffer += m
      }

      val allInners = innerClassBuffer.toList
      if (allInners.nonEmpty) {
        val innerClassesAttr = jclass.getInnerClasses()
        // sort them so inner classes succeed their enclosing class
        // to satisfy the Eclipse Java compiler
        //for (innerSym <- innerClasses.toList sortBy (_.name.length)) {
        for (innerSym <- allInners.distinct sortBy (_.name.length)) {
          var flags = javaFlags(innerSym)
          if (innerSym.rawowner.hasModuleFlag)
            flags |= ACC_STATIC

          innerClassesAttr.addEntry(
            javaName(innerSym),
            outerName(innerSym),
            innerName(innerSym),
            flags & INNER_CLASSES_FLAGS
          )
        }
      }
    }

    def genField(f: IField) {
      if (settings.debug.value)
        log("Adding field: " + f.symbol.fullName)

      val attributes = f.symbol.annotations.map(_.atp.typeSymbol).foldLeft(0) {
        case (res, TransientAttr) => res | ACC_TRANSIENT
        case (res, VolatileAttr)  => res | ACC_VOLATILE
        case (res, _)             => res
      }

      var flags = javaFlags(f.symbol)
      if (!f.symbol.isMutable)
        flags |= ACC_FINAL

      val jfield =
        jclass.addNewField(flags | attributes,
                           javaName(f.symbol),
                           javaType(f.symbol.tpe))

      addGenericSignature(jfield, f.symbol, clasz.symbol)
      addAnnotations(jfield, f.symbol.annotations)
    }

    def genMethod(m: IMethod) {
      if (m.symbol.isStaticConstructor) return
      if ((m.symbol.name == nme.getClass_) && m.params.isEmpty) return

      log("Generating method " + m.symbol.fullName)
      method = m
      endPC.clear
      computeLocalVarsIndex(m)

      var resTpe = javaType(m.symbol.tpe.resultType)
      if (m.symbol.isClassConstructor)
        resTpe = JType.VOID

      var flags = javaFlags(m.symbol)
      if (jclass.isInterface)
        flags |= ACC_ABSTRACT

      if (m.symbol.isStrictFP)
        flags |= ACC_STRICT

      // native methods of objects are generated in mirror classes
      if (method.native)
        flags |= ACC_NATIVE

      jmethod = jclass.addNewMethod(flags,
                                    javaName(m.symbol),
                                    resTpe,
                                    mkArray(m.params map (p => javaType(p.kind))),
                                    mkArray(m.params map (p => javaName(p.sym))))

      addRemoteException(jmethod, m.symbol)

      if (!jmethod.isAbstract() && !method.native) {
        val jcode = jmethod.getCode().asInstanceOf[JExtendedCode]

        // add a fake local for debugging purposes
        if (emitVars && isClosureApply(method.symbol)) {
          val outerField = clasz.symbol.info.decl(nme.OUTER_LOCAL)
          if (outerField != NoSymbol) {
            log("Adding fake local to represent outer 'this' for closure " + clasz)
            val _this = new Local(
              method.symbol.newVariable(NoPosition, nme.FAKE_LOCAL_THIS), toTypeKind(outerField.tpe), false)
            m.locals = m.locals ::: List(_this)
            computeLocalVarsIndex(m) // since we added a new local, we need to recompute indexes

            jcode.emitALOAD_0()
            jcode.emitGETFIELD(javaName(clasz.symbol),
                               javaName(outerField),
                               javaType(outerField))
            jcode.emitSTORE(indexOf(_this), javaType(_this.kind))
          }
        }

        for (local <- m.locals if ! m.params.contains(local)) {
          if (settings.debug.value)
            log("add local var: " + local)
          jmethod.addNewLocalVariable(javaType(local.kind), javaName(local.sym))
        }

        genCode(m)
        if (emitVars)
          genLocalVariableTable(m, jcode)
      }

      addGenericSignature(jmethod, m.symbol, clasz.symbol)
      val (excs, others) = splitAnnotations(m.symbol.annotations, ThrowsClass)
      addExceptionsAttribute(jmethod, excs)
      addAnnotations(jmethod, others)
      addParamAnnotations(jmethod, m.params.map(_.sym.annotations))
    }

    private def addRemoteException(jmethod: JMethod, meth: Symbol) {
      def isRemoteThrows(ainfo: AnnotationInfo) = ainfo match {
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, List(arg), _) if tp.typeSymbol == ThrowsClass =>
          arg match {
            case Literal(Constant(tpe: Type)) if tpe.typeSymbol == RemoteException.typeSymbol => true
            case _ => false
          }
        case _ => false
      }

      if (isRemoteClass ||
          (meth.hasAnnotation(RemoteAttr) && jmethod.isPublic)) {
        val c = Constant(RemoteException)
        val ainfo = AnnotationInfo(ThrowsClass.tpe, List(Literal(c).setType(c.tpe)), List())
        if (!meth.annotations.exists(isRemoteThrows)) {
          meth addAnnotation ainfo
        }      
      }
    }


    /** Return a pair of lists of annotations, first one containing all 
     *  annotations for the given symbol, and the rest.
     */
    private def splitAnnotations(annotations: List[AnnotationInfo], annotSym: Symbol): (List[AnnotationInfo], List[AnnotationInfo]) = {
      annotations.partition { a => a match {
        case AnnotationInfo(tp, _, _) if tp.typeSymbol == annotSym => true
        case _ => false
      }}
    }

    private def isClosureApply(sym: Symbol): Boolean = {
      (sym.name == nme.apply) &&
      sym.owner.isSynthetic &&
      sym.owner.tpe.parents.exists { t => 
        val TypeRef(_, sym, _) = t
        FunctionClass contains sym
      }
    }

    def addModuleInstanceField() {
      jclass.addNewField(PublicStaticFinal,
                        nme.MODULE_INSTANCE_FIELD.toString,
                        jclass.getType())
    }

    def addStaticInit(cls: JClass, mopt: Option[IMethod]) {
      val clinitMethod = cls.addNewMethod(PublicStatic,
                                          "<clinit>",
                                          JType.VOID,
                                          JType.EMPTY_ARRAY,
                                          new Array[String](0))
      val clinit = clinitMethod.getCode().asInstanceOf[JExtendedCode]

      mopt match {
       	case Some(m) =>
          if (clasz.bootstrapClass.isDefined) legacyEmitBootstrapMethodInstall(clinit)

          val oldLastBlock = m.code.blocks.last
          val lastBlock = m.code.newBlock
          oldLastBlock.replaceInstruction(oldLastBlock.length - 1, JUMP(lastBlock))

          if (isStaticModule(clasz.symbol)) {
            // call object's private ctor from static ctor
            lastBlock emit NEW(REFERENCE(m.symbol.enclClass))
            lastBlock emit CALL_METHOD(m.symbol.enclClass.primaryConstructor, Static(true))
          }

          // add serialVUID code
          serialVUID foreach { value =>
            import Flags._, definitions._
            val fieldName = "serialVersionUID"
            val fieldSymbol = clasz.symbol.newValue(NoPosition, newTermName(fieldName))
                                .setFlag(STATIC | FINAL)
                                .setInfo(longType)
            clasz addField new IField(fieldSymbol)
            lastBlock emit CONSTANT(Constant(value))
            lastBlock emit STORE_FIELD(fieldSymbol, true)
          }

          if (isParcelableClass)
            addCreatorCode(BytecodeGenerator.this, lastBlock)

          if (clasz.bootstrapClass.isDefined) {
            // emit bootstrap method install
            //emitBootstrapMethodInstall(block)
          }

          lastBlock emit RETURN(UNIT)
          lastBlock.close

       	  method = m
       	  jmethod = clinitMethod
       	  genCode(m)
       	case None =>
          legacyStaticInitializer(cls, clinit)
      }
    }

    private def legacyStaticInitializer(cls: JClass, clinit: JExtendedCode) {
      if (isStaticModule(clasz.symbol)) {
        clinit emitNEW cls.getName()
        clinit.emitINVOKESPECIAL(cls.getName(),
                                 JMethod.INSTANCE_CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
                                 JMethodType.ARGLESS_VOID_FUNCTION)
      }

      serialVUID foreach { value =>
        val fieldName = "serialVersionUID"
        jclass.addNewField(PublicStaticFinal, fieldName, JType.LONG)
        clinit emitPUSH value
        clinit.emitPUSH(value)
        clinit.emitPUTSTATIC(jclass.getName(), fieldName, JType.LONG)
      }

      if (isParcelableClass)
        legacyAddCreatorCode(BytecodeGenerator.this, clinit)

      if (clasz.bootstrapClass.isDefined)
        legacyEmitBootstrapMethodInstall(clinit)

      clinit.emitRETURN()
    }

    /** Emit code that installs a boostrap method for invoke dynamic. It
     *  installs the default method, found in scala.runtime.DynamicDispatch.
     */
    def legacyEmitBootstrapMethodInstall(jcode: JExtendedCode) {
      jcode emitPUSH jclass.getType.asInstanceOf[JReferenceType]
      jcode emitPUSH new JObjectType("scala.runtime.DynamicDispatch")
      jcode emitPUSH "bootstrapInvokeDynamic"
      jcode.emitGETSTATIC("java.dyn.Linkage", "BOOTSTRAP_METHOD_TYPE", MethodTypeType)
      jcode.emitDUP
      jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC("scala.Console", "println", new JMethodType(JType.VOID, Array(JAVA_LANG_OBJECT)))
      jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC("java.dyn.MethodHandles", "findStatic", 
                              new JMethodType(MethodHandleType, Array(JavaLangClassType, JAVA_LANG_STRING, MethodTypeType)))
      jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC("java.dyn.Linkage", "registerBootstrapMethod",
                              new JMethodType(JType.VOID, Array(JavaLangClassType, MethodHandleType)))
    }

    /** Add a forwarder for method m */
    def addForwarder(jclass: JClass, module: Symbol, m: Symbol, accessFlags: Int) {
      val moduleName     = javaName(module)
      val methodInfo     = module.thisType.memberInfo(m)
      val paramJavaTypes = methodInfo.paramTypes map javaType
      val paramNames     = 0 until paramJavaTypes.length map ("x_" + _)

      val mirrorMethod = jclass.addNewMethod(
        accessFlags,
        javaName(m),
        javaType(methodInfo.resultType),
        mkArray(paramJavaTypes),
        mkArray(paramNames))
      val mirrorCode = mirrorMethod.getCode().asInstanceOf[JExtendedCode]
      mirrorCode.emitGETSTATIC(moduleName,
                               nme.MODULE_INSTANCE_FIELD.toString,
                               new JObjectType(moduleName))

      var i = 0
      var index = 0
      var argTypes = mirrorMethod.getArgumentTypes()
      while (i < argTypes.length) {
        mirrorCode.emitLOAD(index, argTypes(i))
        index += argTypes(i).getSize()
        i += 1
      }

      mirrorCode.emitINVOKEVIRTUAL(moduleName, mirrorMethod.getName, javaType(m).asInstanceOf[JMethodType])
      mirrorCode emitRETURN mirrorMethod.getReturnType()

      addRemoteException(mirrorMethod, m)
      // only add generic signature if the method is concrete; bug #1745
      if (!m.isDeferred)
        addGenericSignature(mirrorMethod, m, module)

      val (throws, others) = splitAnnotations(m.annotations, ThrowsClass)
      addExceptionsAttribute(mirrorMethod, throws)
      addAnnotations(mirrorMethod, others)
      addParamAnnotations(mirrorMethod, m.info.params.map(_.annotations))
    } 

    /** Add forwarders for all methods defined in `module' that don't conflict
     *  with methods in the companion class of `module'. A conflict arises when
     *  a method with the same name is defined both in a class and its companion
     *  object: method signature is not taken into account.
     */
    def addForwarders(jclass: JClass, moduleClass: Symbol) {
      assert(moduleClass.isModuleClass)
      if (settings.debug.value)
        log("Dumping mirror class for object: " + moduleClass)

      val className    = jclass.getName
      val linkedClass  = moduleClass.companionClass
      val linkedModule = linkedClass.companionSymbol

      /** If we use the usual algorithm for forwarders, we run into a problem if
       *  an object extends its companion class.  However, there is an out: since
       *  all the forwarders are static, inheriting from the class is no problem
       *  so long as the methods aren't final (the JVM will not allow redefinition
       *  of a final static method.) Thus the following.
       */
      val isIncestuous = moduleClass.tpe <:< linkedClass.tpe
      val accessFlags  = if (isIncestuous) PublicStatic else PublicStaticFinal

      /** There was a bit of a gordian logic knot here regarding forwarders.
       *  All we really have to do is exclude certain categories of symbols and
       *  then all matching names.
       */
      def memberNames(sym: Symbol) = sym.info.members map (_.name.toString) toSet 
      lazy val membersInCommon     = 
        memberNames(linkedModule) intersect memberNames(linkedClass)

      /** Should method `m' get a forwarder in the mirror class? */      
      def shouldForward(m: Symbol): Boolean = (
        m.owner != ObjectClass
        && m.isMethod
        && m.isPublic
        && !m.hasFlag(Flags.CASE | Flags.DEFERRED | Flags.SPECIALIZED | Flags.LIFTED)
        && !m.isConstructor
        && !m.isStaticMember
        && !membersInCommon(m.name.toString)
      )

      for (m <- moduleClass.info.nonPrivateMembers) {
        if (shouldForward(m)) {
          log("Adding static forwarder for '%s' from %s to '%s'".format(m, className, moduleClass))
          addForwarder(jclass, moduleClass, m, accessFlags)
        }
        else if (settings.debug.value) {
          log("No forwarder for '%s' from %s to '%s'".format(m, className, moduleClass))
        }
      }
    }

    /** Dump a mirror class for a top-level module. A mirror class is a class
     *  containing only static methods that forward to the corresponding method
     *  on the MODULE instance of the given Scala object.  It will only be
     *  generated if there is no companion class: if there is, an attempt will
     *  instead be made to add the forwarder methods to the companion class.
     */
    def dumpMirrorClass(clasz: Symbol, sourceFile: String) {
      import JAccessFlags._
      val moduleName = javaName(clasz) // + "$"
      val mirrorName = moduleName.substring(0, moduleName.length() - 1)
      val mirrorClass = fjbgContext.JClass(ACC_SUPER | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL,
                                           mirrorName,
                                           JAVA_LANG_OBJECT.getName,
                                           JClass.NO_INTERFACES,
                                           sourceFile)

      log("Dumping mirror class for '%s'".format(mirrorClass.getName))
      addForwarders(mirrorClass, clasz)
      val ssa = scalaSignatureAddingMarker(mirrorClass, clasz.companionSymbol)
      addAnnotations(mirrorClass, clasz.annotations ++ ssa)
      emitClass(mirrorClass, clasz)
    }

    var linearization: List[BasicBlock] = Nil
    var isModuleInitialized = false

    /**
     *  @param m ...
     */
    def genCode(m: IMethod) {
      val jcode = jmethod.getCode.asInstanceOf[JExtendedCode]

      def makeLabels(bs: List[BasicBlock]) = {
        if (settings.debug.value)
          log("Making labels for: " + method)

        mutable.HashMap(bs map (_ -> jcode.newLabel) : _*)
      }

      isModuleInitialized = false

      linearization = linearizer.linearize(m)
      val labels = makeLabels(linearization)
      /** local variables whose scope appears in this block. */
      val varsInBlock: mutable.Set[Local] = new mutable.HashSet

      var nextBlock: BasicBlock = linearization.head

      def genBlocks(l: List[BasicBlock]): Unit = l match {
        case Nil => ()
        case x :: Nil => nextBlock = null; genBlock(x)
        case x :: y :: ys => nextBlock = y; genBlock(x); genBlocks(y :: ys)
      }

    /** Generate exception handlers for the current method. */
    def genExceptionHandlers() {

      /** Return a list of pairs of intervals where the handler is active.
       *  The intervals in the list have to be inclusive in the beginning and
       *  exclusive in the end: [start, end).
       */
      def ranges(e: ExceptionHandler): List[(Int, Int)] = {
        var covered = e.covered
        var ranges: List[(Int, Int)] = Nil
        var start = -1
        var end = -1

        linearization foreach { b =>
          if (! (covered contains b) ) {
            if (start >= 0) { // we're inside a handler range
              end = labels(b).getAnchor()
              ranges ::= (start, end)
              start = -1
            }
          } else {
            if (start < 0)  // we're not inside a handler range
              start = labels(b).getAnchor()

            end = endPC(b)
            covered -= b
          }
        }

        /* Add the last interval. Note that since the intervals are 
         * open-ended to the right, we have to give a number past the actual
         * code!
         */
        if (start >= 0) {
          ranges ::= (start, jcode.getPC())
        }

        if (!covered.isEmpty)
          if (settings.debug.value)
            log("Some covered blocks were not found in method: " + method + 
                " covered: " + covered + " not in " + linearization)
        ranges
      }
      
      for (e <- this.method.exh ; p <- ranges(e).sortBy(_._1)) {
        if (p._1 < p._2) {
          if (settings.debug.value)
            log("Adding exception handler " + e + "at block: " + e.startBlock + " for " + method + 
                " from: " + p._1 + " to: " + p._2 + " catching: " + e.cls);
          val cls = if (e.cls == NoSymbol || e.cls == ThrowableClass) null
                    else javaName(e.cls)
          jcode.addExceptionHandler(p._1, p._2,
                                    labels(e.startBlock).getAnchor(),
                                    cls)
        } else 
          log("Empty exception range: " + p)
      }
    }

    def genBlock(b: BasicBlock) {
      labels(b).anchorToNext()

      if (settings.debug.value)
        log("Generating code for block: " + b + " at pc: " + labels(b).getAnchor())
      var lastMappedPC = 0
      var lastLineNr = 0
      var crtPC = 0
      varsInBlock.clear()

      for (instr <- b) {
        class CompilationException(msg: String) extends Exception(msg) {
          override def toString: String = {
            msg + 
            "\nCurrent method: " + method + 
            "\nCurrent block: " + b +
            "\nCurrent instruction: " + instr +
            "\n---------------------" +
            method.dump
          }
        }
        def assert(cond: Boolean, msg: String) =
          if (!cond) throw new CompilationException(msg)

        instr match {
          case THIS(clasz) =>
            jcode.emitALOAD_0()

          case CONSTANT(const) =>
            genConstant(jcode, const)

          case LOAD_ARRAY_ITEM(kind) =>
            jcode.emitALOAD(javaType(kind))

          case LOAD_LOCAL(local) =>
            jcode.emitLOAD(indexOf(local), javaType(local.kind))

          case lf @ LOAD_FIELD(field, isStatic) =>
            var owner = javaName(lf.hostClass)
            if (settings.debug.value)            
              log("LOAD_FIELD with owner: " + owner +
                  " flags: " + Flags.flagsToString(field.owner.flags))
            if (isStatic)
              jcode.emitGETSTATIC(owner,
                                  javaName(field),
                                  javaType(field))
            else
              jcode.emitGETFIELD(owner,
                                  javaName(field),
                                  javaType(field))

          case LOAD_MODULE(module) =>
//            assert(module.isModule, "Expected module: " + module)
            if (settings.debug.value)
              log("generating LOAD_MODULE for: " + module + " flags: " + 
                  Flags.flagsToString(module.flags));
            if (clasz.symbol == module.moduleClass && jmethod.getName() != nme.readResolve.toString)
              jcode.emitALOAD_0()
            else
              jcode.emitGETSTATIC(javaName(module) /* + "$" */ ,
                                  nme.MODULE_INSTANCE_FIELD.toString,
                                  javaType(module))

          case STORE_ARRAY_ITEM(kind) =>
            jcode emitASTORE javaType(kind)

          case STORE_LOCAL(local) =>
            jcode.emitSTORE(indexOf(local), javaType(local.kind))

          case STORE_THIS(_) =>
            // this only works for impl classes because the self parameter comes first
            // in the method signature. If that changes, this code has to be revisited.
            jcode.emitASTORE_0()

          case STORE_FIELD(field, isStatic) =>
            val owner = javaName(field.owner)
            if (isStatic)
              jcode.emitPUTSTATIC(owner,
                                  javaName(field),
                                  javaType(field))
            else
              jcode.emitPUTFIELD(owner,
                                  javaName(field),
                                  javaType(field))

          case CALL_PRIMITIVE(primitive) =>
            genPrimitive(primitive, instr.pos)

          /** Special handling to access native Array.clone() */
          case call @ CALL_METHOD(definitions.Array_clone, Dynamic) =>
            val target: String = javaType(call.targetTypeKind).getSignature()
            jcode.emitINVOKEVIRTUAL(target, "clone", arrayCloneType)

          case call @ CALL_METHOD(method, style) =>
            val owner: String = javaName(method.owner)
            // reference the type of the receiver instead of the method owner (if not an interface!)
            val dynamicOwner =
              if (needsInterfaceCall(call.hostClass)) owner
              else javaName(call.hostClass)
            val jname = javaName(method)
            val jtype = javaType(method).asInstanceOf[JMethodType]

            style match {
              case InvokeDynamic =>
                jcode.emitINVOKEINTERFACE("java.dyn.Dynamic", jname, jtype)

              case Dynamic =>
                if (needsInterfaceCall(method.owner))
                  jcode.emitINVOKEINTERFACE(owner, jname, jtype)
                else
                  jcode.emitINVOKEVIRTUAL(dynamicOwner, jname, jtype)

              case Static(instance) =>
                if (instance)
                  jcode.emitINVOKESPECIAL(owner, jname, jtype)
                else
                  jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC(owner, jname, jtype)

              case SuperCall(_) =>
                jcode.emitINVOKESPECIAL(owner, jname, jtype)
                // we initialize the MODULE$ field immediately after the super ctor
                if (isStaticModule(clasz.symbol) && !isModuleInitialized &&
                    jmethod.getName() == JMethod.INSTANCE_CONSTRUCTOR_NAME &&
                    jname == JMethod.INSTANCE_CONSTRUCTOR_NAME) {
                  isModuleInitialized = true
                  jcode.emitALOAD_0()
                  jcode.emitPUTSTATIC(jclass.getName(),
                                      nme.MODULE_INSTANCE_FIELD.toString,
                                      jclass.getType())
                }
            }

          case BOX(kind) =>
            val boxedType = definitions.boxedClass(kind.toType.typeSymbol)
            val mtype = new JMethodType(javaType(boxedType), Array(javaType(kind)))
            jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC(BoxesRunTime, "boxTo" + boxedType.decodedName, mtype)

          case UNBOX(kind) =>
            val mtype = new JMethodType(javaType(kind), Array(JAVA_LANG_OBJECT))
            jcode.emitINVOKESTATIC(BoxesRunTime, "unboxTo" + kind.toType.typeSymbol.decodedName, mtype)

          case NEW(REFERENCE(cls)) =>
            val className = javaName(cls)
            jcode emitNEW className

          case CREATE_ARRAY(elem, 1) => elem match {
            case REFERENCE(_) | ARRAY(_) =>
              jcode emitANEWARRAY javaType(elem).asInstanceOf[JReferenceType]
            case _ =>
              jcode emitNEWARRAY javaType(elem)
          }

          case CREATE_ARRAY(elem, dims) => 
            jcode.emitMULTIANEWARRAY(javaType(ArrayN(elem, dims)).asInstanceOf[JReferenceType], dims)

          case IS_INSTANCE(tpe) =>
            tpe match {
              case REFERENCE(cls) =>
                jcode emitINSTANCEOF new JObjectType(javaName(cls))
              case ARRAY(elem) =>
                jcode emitINSTANCEOF new JArrayType(javaType(elem))
              case _ =>
                abort("Unknown reference type in IS_INSTANCE: " + tpe)
            }

          case CHECK_CAST(tpe) =>
            tpe match {
              case REFERENCE(cls) =>
                // No need to checkcast for Objects
                if (cls != ObjectClass)
                  jcode emitCHECKCAST new JObjectType(javaName(cls))
              case ARRAY(elem) =>
                jcode emitCHECKCAST new JArrayType(javaType(elem))
              case _ =>
                abort("Unknown reference type in IS_INSTANCE: " + tpe)
            }

          case SWITCH(tags, branches) =>
            val tagArray = new Array[Array[Int]](tags.length)
            var caze = tags
            var i = 0

            while (i < tagArray.length) {
              tagArray(i) = new Array[Int](caze.head.length)
              caze.head.copyToArray(tagArray(i), 0)
              i += 1
              caze = caze.tail
            }
            val branchArray = jcode.newLabels(tagArray.length)
            i = 0
            while (i < branchArray.length) {
              branchArray(i) = labels(branches(i))
              i += 1
            }
            if (settings.debug.value)
              log("Emitting SWITCH:\ntags: " + tags + "\nbranches: " + branches)
            jcode.emitSWITCH(tagArray, 
                             branchArray,
                             labels(branches.last),
                             MIN_SWITCH_DENSITY)
            ()

          case JUMP(whereto) =>
            if (nextBlock != whereto)
              jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(whereto), false) // default to short jumps

          case CJUMP(success, failure, cond, kind) =>
            kind match {
              case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                if (nextBlock == success) {
                  jcode.emitIF_ICMP(conds(negate(cond)), labels(failure))
                  // .. and fall through to success label
                } else {
                  jcode.emitIF_ICMP(conds(cond), labels(success))
                  if (nextBlock != failure)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }

              case REFERENCE(_) | ARRAY(_) =>
                if (nextBlock == success) {
                  jcode.emitIF_ACMP(conds(negate(cond)), labels(failure))
                  // .. and fall through to success label
                } else {
                  jcode.emitIF_ACMP(conds(cond), labels(success))
                  if (nextBlock != failure)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }

              case _ =>
                (kind: @unchecked) match {
                  case LONG   => jcode.emitLCMP()
                  case FLOAT  => 
                    if (cond == LT || cond == LE) jcode.emitFCMPG()
                    else jcode.emitFCMPL()
                  case DOUBLE => 
                    if (cond == LT || cond == LE) jcode.emitDCMPG()
                    else jcode.emitDCMPL()
                }
                if (nextBlock == success) {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(negate(cond)), labels(failure))
                  // .. and fall through to success label
                } else {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(cond), labels(success));
                  if (nextBlock != failure)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }
            }

          case CZJUMP(success, failure, cond, kind) =>
            kind match {
              case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                if (nextBlock == success) {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(negate(cond)), labels(failure))
                } else {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(cond), labels(success))
                  if (nextBlock != failure)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }

              case REFERENCE(_) | ARRAY(_) =>
                val Success = success
                val Failure = failure
                (cond, nextBlock) match {
                  case (EQ, Success) =>
                    jcode emitIFNONNULL labels(failure)
                  case (NE, Failure) =>
                    jcode emitIFNONNULL labels(success)
                  case (EQ, Failure) =>
                    jcode emitIFNULL labels(success)
                  case (NE, Success) =>
                    jcode emitIFNULL labels(failure)
                  case (EQ, _) =>
                    jcode emitIFNULL labels(success)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                  case (NE, _) =>
                    jcode emitIFNONNULL labels(success)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }

              case _ =>
                (kind: @unchecked) match {
                  case LONG   =>
                    jcode.emitLCONST_0(); jcode.emitLCMP()
                  case FLOAT  => 
                    jcode.emitFCONST_0()
                    if (cond == LT || cond == LE) jcode.emitFCMPG()
                    else jcode.emitFCMPL()                    
                  case DOUBLE => 
                    jcode.emitDCONST_0()
                    if (cond == LT || cond == LE) jcode.emitDCMPG()
                    else jcode.emitDCMPL()
                }
                if (nextBlock == success) {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(negate(cond)), labels(failure))
                } else {
                  jcode.emitIF(conds(cond), labels(success))
                  if (nextBlock != failure)
                    jcode.emitGOTO_maybe_W(labels(failure), false)
                }
            }

          case RETURN(kind) =>
            jcode emitRETURN javaType(kind)

          case THROW(_) =>
            jcode.emitATHROW()

          case DROP(kind) =>
            kind match {
              case LONG | DOUBLE => jcode.emitPOP2()
              case _ => jcode.emitPOP()
            }

          case DUP(kind) =>
            kind match {
              case LONG | DOUBLE => jcode.emitDUP2()
              case _ => jcode.emitDUP()
            }

          case MONITOR_ENTER() =>
            jcode.emitMONITORENTER()

          case MONITOR_EXIT() =>
            jcode.emitMONITOREXIT()            

          case SCOPE_ENTER(lv) => 
            varsInBlock += lv
            lv.start = jcode.getPC()

          case SCOPE_EXIT(lv) =>
            if (varsInBlock(lv)) {
              lv.ranges = (lv.start, jcode.getPC()) :: lv.ranges
              varsInBlock -= lv
            } 
            else if (b.varsInScope(lv)) {
              lv.ranges = (labels(b).getAnchor(), jcode.getPC()) :: lv.ranges
              b.varsInScope -= lv
            } else
              assert(false, "Illegal local var nesting: " + method)

          case LOAD_EXCEPTION(_) =>
            ()
        }

        crtPC = jcode.getPC()
        
//        assert(instr.pos.source.isEmpty || instr.pos.source.get == (clasz.cunit.source), "sources don't match")
//        val crtLine = instr.pos.line.get(lastLineNr);

        val crtLine = try {
          if (instr.pos == NoPosition) lastLineNr else (instr.pos).line // check NoPosition to avoid costly exception
        } catch {
          case _: UnsupportedOperationException =>
            log("Warning: wrong position in: " + method)
            lastLineNr
        }

        if (b.lastInstruction == instr)
          endPC(b) = jcode.getPC()

        //System.err.println("CRTLINE: " + instr.pos + " " + 
        //           /* (if (instr.pos < clasz.cunit.source.content.length) clasz.cunit.source.content(instr.pos) else '*') + */ " " + crtLine);

        if (crtPC > lastMappedPC) {
          jcode.completeLineNumber(lastMappedPC, crtPC, crtLine)
          lastMappedPC = crtPC
          lastLineNr   = crtLine
        }
      }
      
      // local vars that survived this basic block 
      for (lv <- varsInBlock) {
        lv.ranges = (lv.start, jcode.getPC()) :: lv.ranges
      }
      for (lv <- b.varsInScope) {
        lv.ranges = (labels(b).getAnchor(), jcode.getPC()) :: lv.ranges
      }
    }


    /**
     *  @param primitive ...
     *  @param pos       ...
     */
    def genPrimitive(primitive: Primitive, pos: Position) {
      primitive match {
        case Negation(kind) =>
          kind match {
            case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT => 
              jcode.emitINEG()
            case LONG   => jcode.emitLNEG()
            case FLOAT  => jcode.emitFNEG()
            case DOUBLE => jcode.emitDNEG()
            case _ => abort("Impossible to negate a " + kind)
          }

        case Arithmetic(op, kind) =>
          op match {
            case ADD => jcode.emitADD(javaType(kind))
            case SUB =>
              (kind: @unchecked) match {
                case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                  jcode.emitISUB()
                case LONG   => jcode.emitLSUB()
                case FLOAT  => jcode.emitFSUB()
                case DOUBLE => jcode.emitDSUB()
              }

            case MUL =>
              (kind: @unchecked) match {
                case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                  jcode.emitIMUL()
                case LONG   => jcode.emitLMUL()
                case FLOAT  => jcode.emitFMUL()
                case DOUBLE => jcode.emitDMUL()
              }

            case DIV =>
              (kind: @unchecked) match {
                case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                  jcode.emitIDIV()
                case LONG   => jcode.emitLDIV()
                case FLOAT  => jcode.emitFDIV()
                case DOUBLE => jcode.emitDDIV()
              }

            case REM =>
              (kind: @unchecked) match {
                case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                  jcode.emitIREM()
                case LONG   => jcode.emitLREM()
                case FLOAT  => jcode.emitFREM()
                case DOUBLE => jcode.emitDREM()
              }

            case NOT =>
              kind match {
                case BOOL | BYTE | CHAR | SHORT | INT =>
                  jcode.emitPUSH(-1)
                  jcode.emitIXOR()
                case LONG   =>
                  jcode.emitPUSH(-1l)
                  jcode.emitLXOR()
                case _ =>
                  abort("Impossible to negate an " + kind)
              }

            case _ =>
              abort("Unknown arithmetic primitive " + primitive)
          }

        case Logical(op, kind) => (op, kind) match {
          case (AND, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLAND()
          case (AND, INT) =>
            jcode.emitIAND()
          case (AND, _) =>
            jcode.emitIAND()
            if (kind != BOOL)
              jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind));

          case (OR, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLOR()
          case (OR, INT) =>
            jcode.emitIOR()
          case (OR, _) =>
            jcode.emitIOR()
            if (kind != BOOL)
              jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind));

          case (XOR, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLXOR()
          case (XOR, INT) =>
            jcode.emitIXOR()
          case (XOR, _) =>
            jcode.emitIXOR()
            if (kind != BOOL)
              jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind));
        }

        case Shift(op, kind) => (op, kind) match {
          case (LSL, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLSHL()
          case (LSL, INT) =>
            jcode.emitISHL()
          case (LSL, _) =>
            jcode.emitISHL()
            jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind))

          case (ASR, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLSHR()
          case (ASR, INT) =>
            jcode.emitISHR()
          case (ASR, _) =>
            jcode.emitISHR()
            jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind))

          case (LSR, LONG) =>
            jcode.emitLUSHR()
          case (LSR, INT) =>
            jcode.emitIUSHR()
          case (LSR, _) =>
            jcode.emitIUSHR()
            jcode.emitT2T(javaType(INT), javaType(kind))
        }

        case Comparison(op, kind) => ((op, kind): @unchecked) match {
          case (CMP, LONG)    => jcode.emitLCMP()
          case (CMPL, FLOAT)  => jcode.emitFCMPL()
          case (CMPG, FLOAT)  => jcode.emitFCMPG()
          case (CMPL, DOUBLE) => jcode.emitDCMPL()
          case (CMPG, DOUBLE) => jcode.emitDCMPL()
        }

        case Conversion(src, dst) =>
          if (settings.debug.value)
            log("Converting from: " + src + " to: " + dst)
          if (dst == BOOL) {
            println("Illegal conversion at: " + clasz +
                    " at: " + pos.source + ":" + pos.line)
          } else
            jcode.emitT2T(javaType(src), javaType(dst))

        case ArrayLength(_) =>
          jcode.emitARRAYLENGTH()

        case StartConcat =>
          jcode emitNEW StringBuilderClassName
          jcode.emitDUP()
          jcode.emitINVOKESPECIAL(StringBuilderClassName,
                                  JMethod.INSTANCE_CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
                                  JMethodType.ARGLESS_VOID_FUNCTION)

        case StringConcat(el) =>
          val jtype = el match {
            case REFERENCE(_) | ARRAY(_) => JAVA_LANG_OBJECT
            case _ => javaType(el)
          }
          jcode.emitINVOKEVIRTUAL(StringBuilderClassName,
                                  "append",
                                  new JMethodType(StringBuilderType,
                                  Array(jtype)))
        case EndConcat =>
          jcode.emitINVOKEVIRTUAL(StringBuilderClassName,
                                  "toString",
                                  toStringType)

        case _ =>
          abort("Unimplemented primitive " + primitive)
      }
    }

      // genCode starts here
      genBlocks(linearization)

      if (this.method.exh != Nil)
        genExceptionHandlers;
    }


    /** Emit a Local variable table for debugging purposes.
     *  Synthetic locals are skipped. All variables are method-scoped.
     */
    private def genLocalVariableTable(m: IMethod, jcode: JCode) {
      val vars = m.locals filterNot (_.sym.isSynthetic)
      if (vars.isEmpty) return

      val pool = jclass.getConstantPool
      val pc = jcode.getPC()
      var anonCounter = 0
      var entries = 0
      vars.foreach { lv =>
        lv.ranges = mergeEntries(lv.ranges.reverse);
        entries += lv.ranges.length
      }
      if (!jmethod.isStatic()) entries += 1

      val lvTab = ByteBuffer.allocate(2 + 10 * entries)
      def emitEntry(name: String, signature: String, idx: Short, start: Short, end: Short) {
        lvTab putShort start
        lvTab putShort end
        lvTab putShort pool.addUtf8(name).toShort
        lvTab putShort pool.addUtf8(signature).toShort
        lvTab putShort idx
      }

      lvTab.putShort(entries.toShort)

      if (!jmethod.isStatic()) {
        emitEntry("this", jclass.getType().getSignature(), 0, 0.toShort, pc.toShort)
      }

      for (lv <- vars) {
        val name = if (javaName(lv.sym) eq null) {
          anonCounter += 1
          "<anon" + anonCounter + ">"
        } else javaName(lv.sym)

        val index = indexOf(lv).toShort
        val tpe   = javaType(lv.kind).getSignature()
        for ((start, end) <- lv.ranges) {
          emitEntry(name, tpe, index, start.toShort, (end - start).toShort)
        }
      }
      val attr =
        fjbgContext.JOtherAttribute(jclass,
                                    jcode,
                                    tpnme.LocalVariableTableATTR.toString,
                                    lvTab.array())
      jcode addAttribute attr
    }


    /** For each basic block, the first PC address following it. */
    val endPC = new mutable.HashMap[BasicBlock, Int]

    ////////////////////// local vars ///////////////////////

    def sizeOf(sym: Symbol): Int = sizeOf(toTypeKind(sym.tpe))

    def sizeOf(k: TypeKind): Int = k match {
      case DOUBLE | LONG => 2
      case _ => 1
    }

    def indexOf(m: IMethod, sym: Symbol): Int = {
      val Some(local) = m lookupLocal sym
      indexOf(local)
    }

    def indexOf(local: Local): Int = {
      assert(local.index >= 0,
             "Invalid index for: " + local + "{" + local.## + "}: ")
      local.index
    }

    /**
     * Compute the indexes of each local variable of the given
     * method. Assumes parameters come first in the list of locals.
     */
    def computeLocalVarsIndex(m: IMethod) {
      var idx = 1
      if (m.symbol.isStaticMember)
        idx = 0;

      for (l <- m.locals) {
        if (settings.debug.value)
          log("Index value for " + l + "{" + l.## + "}: " + idx)
        l.index = idx
        idx += sizeOf(l.kind)
      }
    }

    ////////////////////// Utilities ////////////////////////

    /** Calls to methods in 'sym' need invokeinterface? */
    def needsInterfaceCall(sym: Symbol): Boolean = {
      log("checking for interface call: " + sym.fullName)
      // the following call to 'info' may cause certain symbols to fail loading
      // because we're too late in the compilation chain (aliases to overloaded
      // symbols will not be properly resolved, see scala.Range, method
      // `super$++` that fails in UnPickler at LazyTypeRefAndAlias.complete
      if (sym.isTrait) sym.info // needed so that the type is up to date
                                // (erasure may add lateINTERFACE to traits)

      sym.isInterface ||
      (sym.isJavaDefined && sym.isNonBottomSubClass(ClassfileAnnotationClass))
    }

    /** Merge adjacent ranges. */
    private def mergeEntries(ranges: List[(Int, Int)]): List[(Int, Int)] = 
      (ranges.foldLeft(Nil: List[(Int, Int)]) { (collapsed: List[(Int, Int)], p: (Int, Int)) => (collapsed, p) match {
        case (Nil, _) => List(p)
        case ((s1, e1) :: rest, (s2, e2)) if (e1 == s2) => (s1, e2) :: rest
        case _ => p :: collapsed
      }}).reverse

    def assert(cond: Boolean, msg: => String) = if (!cond) {
      method.dump
      abort(msg + "\nMethod: " + method)
    }

    def assert(cond: Boolean) { assert(cond, "Assertion failed.") }
  }

  /**
   * Return the Java modifiers for the given symbol.
   * Java modifiers for classes:
   *  - public, abstract, final, strictfp (not used)
   * for interfaces:
   *  - the same as for classes, without 'final'
   * for fields:
   *  - public, private (*)
   *  - static, final 
   * for methods:
   *  - the same as for fields, plus:
   *  - abstract, synchronized (not used), strictfp (not used), native (not used)
   * 
   *  (*) protected cannot be used, since inner classes 'see' protected members,
   *      and they would fail verification after lifted.
   */
  def javaFlags(sym: Symbol): Int = {
    def mkFlags(args: Int*) = args.foldLeft(0)(_ | _)
    // constructors of module classes should be private
    // PP: why are they only being marked private at this stage and not earlier?
    val isConsideredPrivate =
      sym.isPrivate || (sym.isPrimaryConstructor && isTopLevelModule(sym.owner))

    mkFlags(
      if (isConsideredPrivate) ACC_PRIVATE else ACC_PUBLIC,
      if (sym.isDeferred || sym.hasAbstractFlag) ACC_ABSTRACT else 0,
      if (sym.isInterface) ACC_INTERFACE else 0,
      if (sym.isFinal && !sym.enclClass.isInterface && !sym.isClassConstructor) ACC_FINAL else 0,
      if (sym.isStaticMember) ACC_STATIC else 0,
      if (sym.isBridge || sym.hasFlag(Flags.MIXEDIN) && sym.isMethod) ACC_BRIDGE else 0,
      if (sym.isClass && !sym.isInterface) ACC_SUPER else 0,
      if (sym.isVarargsMethod) ACC_VARARGS else 0
    )
  }

  def isTopLevelModule(sym: Symbol): Boolean =
    atPhase (currentRun.picklerPhase.next) {
      sym.isModuleClass && !sym.isImplClass && !sym.isNestedClass
    }

  def isStaticModule(sym: Symbol): Boolean = {
    sym.isModuleClass && !sym.isImplClass && !sym.isLifted
  }

}

Other Scala examples (source code examples)

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