OD

od − dump files in octal and other formats

od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
od --traditional [FILE] [[+]OFFSET [[+]LABEL]]

Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

−A, −−address−radix=RADIX

decide how file offsets are printed

−j, −−skip−bytes=BYTES

skip BYTES input bytes first on each file

−N, −−read−bytes=BYTES

limit dump to BYTES input bytes per file

−s, −−strings[=BYTES]

output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars

−t, −−format=TYPE

select output format or formats

−v, −−output−duplicates

do not use * to mark line suppression

−w, −−width[=BYTES]

output BYTES bytes per output line

−−traditional

accept arguments in pre-POSIX form

−−help

display this help and exit

−−version

output version information and exit

Pre-POSIX format specifications may be intermixed, they accumulate:

−a

same as −t a, select named characters

−b

same as −t oC, select octal bytes

−c

same as −t c, select ASCII characters or backslash escapes

−d

same as −t u2, select unsigned decimal shorts

−f

same as −t fF, select floats

−h

same as −t x2, select hexadecimal shorts

−i

same as −t d2, select decimal shorts

−l

same as −t d4, select decimal longs

−o

same as −t o2, select octal shorts

−x

same as −t x2, select hexadecimal shorts

For older syntax (second call format), OFFSET means −j OFFSET. LABEL is the pseudo-address at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing. For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal, suffixes maybe . for octal and b multiply by 512.

TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:

a

named character

c

ASCII character or backslash escape

d[SIZE]

signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

f[SIZE]

floating point, SIZE bytes per integer

o[SIZE]

octal, SIZE bytes per integer

u[SIZE]

unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

x[SIZE]

hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer

SIZE is a number. For TYPE in doux, SIZE may also be C for sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).

RADIX is d for decimal, o for octal, x for hexadecimal or n for none. BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it is multiplied by 512 with b suffix, by 1024 with k and by 1048576 with m. Adding a z suffix to any type adds a display of printable characters to the end of each line of output. −s without a number implies 3. −w without a number implies 32. By default, od uses −A o −t d2 −w 16.

Written by Jim Meyering.

Report bugs to <bug-textutils@gnu.org>.

Copyright © 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

The full documentation for od is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and od programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info od

should give you access to the complete manual.