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Java example source code file (Raster.java)

This example Java source code file (Raster.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

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Java - Java tags/keywords

awt, byteinterleavedraster, databuffer, illegalargumentexception, image, multipixelpackedsamplemodel, nullpointerexception, object, point, raster, rasterformatexception, samplemodel, shortinterleavedraster, sunwritableraster, unsupported, writableraster

The Raster.java Java example source code

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

/* ****************************************************************
 ******************************************************************
 ******************************************************************
 *** COPYRIGHT (c) Eastman Kodak Company, 1997
 *** As  an unpublished  work pursuant to Title 17 of the United
 *** States Code.  All rights reserved.
 ******************************************************************
 ******************************************************************
 ******************************************************************/


package java.awt.image;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Point;

import sun.awt.image.ByteInterleavedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.ShortInterleavedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.IntegerInterleavedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.ByteBandedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.ShortBandedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.BytePackedRaster;
import sun.awt.image.SunWritableRaster;

/**
 * A class representing a rectangular array of pixels.  A Raster
 * encapsulates a DataBuffer that stores the sample values and a
 * SampleModel that describes how to locate a given sample value in a
 * DataBuffer.
 * <p>
 * A Raster defines values for pixels occupying a particular
 * rectangular area of the plane, not necessarily including (0, 0).
 * The rectangle, known as the Raster's bounding rectangle and
 * available by means of the getBounds method, is defined by minX,
 * minY, width, and height values.  The minX and minY values define
 * the coordinate of the upper left corner of the Raster.  References
 * to pixels outside of the bounding rectangle may result in an
 * exception being thrown, or may result in references to unintended
 * elements of the Raster's associated DataBuffer.  It is the user's
 * responsibility to avoid accessing such pixels.
 * <p>
 * A SampleModel describes how samples of a Raster
 * are stored in the primitive array elements of a DataBuffer.
 * Samples may be stored one per data element, as in a
 * PixelInterleavedSampleModel or BandedSampleModel, or packed several to
 * an element, as in a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel or
 * MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.  The SampleModel is also
 * controls whether samples are sign extended, allowing unsigned
 * data to be stored in signed Java data types such as byte, short, and
 * int.
 * <p>
 * Although a Raster may live anywhere in the plane, a SampleModel
 * makes use of a simple coordinate system that starts at (0, 0).  A
 * Raster therefore contains a translation factor that allows pixel
 * locations to be mapped between the Raster's coordinate system and
 * that of the SampleModel.  The translation from the SampleModel
 * coordinate system to that of the Raster may be obtained by the
 * getSampleModelTranslateX and getSampleModelTranslateY methods.
 * <p>
 * A Raster may share a DataBuffer with another Raster either by
 * explicit construction or by the use of the createChild and
 * createTranslatedChild methods.  Rasters created by these methods
 * can return a reference to the Raster they were created from by
 * means of the getParent method.  For a Raster that was not
 * constructed by means of a call to createTranslatedChild or
 * createChild, getParent will return null.
 * <p>
 * The createTranslatedChild method returns a new Raster that
 * shares all of the data of the current Raster, but occupies a
 * bounding rectangle of the same width and height but with a
 * different starting point.  For example, if the parent Raster
 * occupied the region (10, 10) to (100, 100), and the translated
 * Raster was defined to start at (50, 50), then pixel (20, 20) of the
 * parent and pixel (60, 60) of the child occupy the same location in
 * the DataBuffer shared by the two Rasters.  In the first case, (-10,
 * -10) should be added to a pixel coordinate to obtain the
 * corresponding SampleModel coordinate, and in the second case (-50,
 * -50) should be added.
 * <p>
 * The translation between a parent and child Raster may be
 * determined by subtracting the child's sampleModelTranslateX and
 * sampleModelTranslateY values from those of the parent.
 * <p>
 * The createChild method may be used to create a new Raster
 * occupying only a subset of its parent's bounding rectangle
 * (with the same or a translated coordinate system) or
 * with a subset of the bands of its parent.
 * <p>
 * All constructors are protected.  The correct way to create a
 * Raster is to use one of the static create methods defined in this
 * class.  These methods create instances of Raster that use the
 * standard Interleaved, Banded, and Packed SampleModels and that may
 * be processed more efficiently than a Raster created by combining
 * an externally generated SampleModel and DataBuffer.
 * @see java.awt.image.DataBuffer
 * @see java.awt.image.SampleModel
 * @see java.awt.image.PixelInterleavedSampleModel
 * @see java.awt.image.BandedSampleModel
 * @see java.awt.image.SinglePixelPackedSampleModel
 * @see java.awt.image.MultiPixelPackedSampleModel
 */
public class Raster {

    /**
     * The SampleModel that describes how pixels from this Raster
     * are stored in the DataBuffer.
     */
    protected SampleModel sampleModel;

    /** The DataBuffer that stores the image data. */
    protected DataBuffer dataBuffer;

    /** The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster. */
    protected int minX;

    /** The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster. */
    protected int minY;

    /** The width of this Raster. */
    protected int width;

    /** The height of this Raster. */
    protected int height;

    /**
     * The X translation from the coordinate space of the
     * Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
     */
    protected int sampleModelTranslateX;

    /**
     * The Y translation from the coordinate space of the
     * Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
     */
    protected int sampleModelTranslateY;

    /** The number of bands in the Raster. */
    protected int numBands;

    /** The number of DataBuffer data elements per pixel. */
    protected int numDataElements;

    /** The parent of this Raster, or null. */
    protected Raster parent;

    static private native void initIDs();
    static {
        ColorModel.loadLibraries();
        initIDs();
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the
     * specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values
     * defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> Note that interleaved DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * Rasters are not supported.  To create a 1-band Raster of type
     * <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, use
     * Raster.createPackedRaster().
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE
     * and TYPE_USHORT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param bands     the number of bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height and number of bands.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     */
    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(int dataType,
                                                         int w, int h,
                                                         int bands,
                                                         Point location) {
        int[] bandOffsets = new int[bands];
        for (int i = 0; i < bands; i++) {
            bandOffsets[i] = i;
        }
        return createInterleavedRaster(dataType, w, h, w*bands, bands,
                                       bandOffsets, location);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the
     * specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, pixel
     * stride, and band offsets.  The number of bands is inferred from
     * bandOffsets.length.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values
     * defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> Note that interleaved DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * Rasters are not supported.  To create a 1-band Raster of type
     * <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, use
     * Raster.createPackedRaster().
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE
     * and TYPE_USHORT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param scanlineStride the line stride of the image data
     * @param pixelStride the pixel stride of the image data
     * @param bandOffsets the offsets of all bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride and band
     *         offsets.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, or
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT.
     */
    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(int dataType,
                                                         int w, int h,
                                                         int scanlineStride,
                                                         int pixelStride,
                                                         int bandOffsets[],
                                                         Point location) {
        DataBuffer d;

        int size = scanlineStride * (h - 1) + // fisrt (h - 1) scans
            pixelStride * w; // last scan

        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            d = new DataBufferByte(size);
            break;

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            d = new DataBufferUShort(size);
            break;

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }

        return createInterleavedRaster(d, w, h, scanlineStride,
                                       pixelStride, bandOffsets, location);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the
     * specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values
     * defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT,
     * and TYPE_INT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param bands     the number of bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height and number of bands.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if <code>bands
     *         is less than 1
     */
    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int bands,
                                                    Point location) {
        if (bands < 1) {
            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Number of bands ("+
                                                     bands+") must"+
                                                     " be greater than 0");
        }
        int[] bankIndices = new int[bands];
        int[] bandOffsets = new int[bands];
        for (int i = 0; i < bands; i++) {
            bankIndices[i] = i;
            bandOffsets[i] = 0;
        }

        return createBandedRaster(dataType, w, h, w,
                                  bankIndices, bandOffsets,
                                  location);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the
     * specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, bank
     * indices and band offsets.  The number of bands is inferred from
     * bankIndices.length and bandOffsets.length, which must be the
     * same.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  The dataType parameter should be one of the
     * enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT,
     * and TYPE_INT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param scanlineStride the line stride of the image data
     * @param bankIndices the bank indices for each band
     * @param bandOffsets the offsets of all bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height, scanline stride, bank indices and band
     *         offsets.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if <code>bankIndices
     *         or <code>bandOffsets is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int bankIndices[],
                                                    int bandOffsets[],
                                                    Point location) {
        DataBuffer d;
        int bands = bandOffsets.length;

        if (bankIndices == null) {
            throw new
                ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Bank indices array is null");
        }
        if (bandOffsets == null) {
            throw new
                ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Band offsets array is null");
        }

        // Figure out the #banks and the largest band offset
        int maxBank = bankIndices[0];
        int maxBandOff = bandOffsets[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < bands; i++) {
            if (bankIndices[i] > maxBank) {
                maxBank = bankIndices[i];
            }
            if (bandOffsets[i] > maxBandOff) {
                maxBandOff = bandOffsets[i];
            }
        }
        int banks = maxBank + 1;
        int size = maxBandOff +
            scanlineStride * (h - 1) + // fisrt (h - 1) scans
            w; // last scan

        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            d = new DataBufferByte(size, banks);
            break;

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            d = new DataBufferUShort(size, banks);
            break;

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
            d = new DataBufferInt(size, banks);
            break;

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }

        return createBandedRaster(d, w, h, scanlineStride,
                                  bankIndices, bandOffsets, location);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with
     * the specified data type, width, height, and band masks.
     * The number of bands is inferred from bandMasks.length.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values
     * defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT,
     * and TYPE_INT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param bandMasks an array containing an entry for each band
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height, and band masks.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     */
    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int bandMasks[],
                                                    Point location) {
        DataBuffer d;

        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            d = new DataBufferByte(w*h);
            break;

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            d = new DataBufferUShort(w*h);
            break;

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
            d = new DataBufferInt(w*h);
            break;

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }

        return createPackedRaster(d, w, h, w, bandMasks, location);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a packed SampleModel with the
     * specified data type, width, height, number of bands, and bits
     * per band.  If the number of bands is one, the SampleModel will
     * be a MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.
     *
     * <p> If the number of bands is more than one, the SampleModel
     * will be a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel, with each band having
     * bitsPerBand bits.  In either case, the requirements on dataType
     * and bitsPerBand imposed by the corresponding SampleModel must
     * be met.
     *
     * <p> The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values
     * defined in the DataBuffer class.
     *
     * <p> The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT,
     * and TYPE_INT.
     * @param dataType  the data type for storing samples
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param bands     the number of bands
     * @param bitsPerBand the number of bits per band
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified data type,
     *         width, height, number of bands, and bits per band.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the product of
     *         <code>bitsPerBand and bands is
     *         greater than the number of bits held by
     *         <code>dataType
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>bitsPerBand or
     *         <code>bands is not greater than zero
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     */
    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int bands,
                                                    int bitsPerBand,
                                                    Point location) {
        DataBuffer d;

        if (bands <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Number of bands ("+bands+
                                               ") must be greater than 0");
        }

        if (bitsPerBand <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bits per band ("+bitsPerBand+
                                               ") must be greater than 0");
        }

        if (bands != 1) {
            int[] masks = new int[bands];
            int mask = (1 << bitsPerBand) - 1;
            int shift = (bands-1)*bitsPerBand;

            /* Make sure the total mask size will fit in the data type */
            if (shift+bitsPerBand > DataBuffer.getDataTypeSize(dataType)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("bitsPerBand("+
                                                   bitsPerBand+") * bands is "+
                                                   " greater than data type "+
                                                   "size.");
            }
            switch(dataType) {
            case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                    dataType);
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < bands; i++) {
                masks[i] = mask << shift;
                shift = shift - bitsPerBand;
            }

            return createPackedRaster(dataType, w, h, masks, location);
        }
        else {
            double fw = w;
            switch(dataType) {
            case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
                d = new DataBufferByte((int)(Math.ceil(fw/(8/bitsPerBand)))*h);
                break;

            case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
                d = new DataBufferUShort((int)(Math.ceil(fw/(16/bitsPerBand)))*h);
                break;

            case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
                d = new DataBufferInt((int)(Math.ceil(fw/(32/bitsPerBand)))*h);
                break;

            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                   dataType);
            }

            return createPackedRaster(d, w, h, bitsPerBand, location);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the
     * specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, pixel
     * stride, and band offsets.  The number of bands is inferred from
     * bandOffsets.length.  The upper left corner of the Raster
     * is given by the location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0)
     * will be used.
     * <p> Note that interleaved DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * Rasters are not supported.  To create a 1-band Raster of type
     * <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, use
     * Raster.createPackedRaster().
     * @param dataBuffer the <code>DataBuffer that contains the
     *        image data
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param scanlineStride the line stride of the image data
     * @param pixelStride the pixel stride of the image data
     * @param bandOffsets the offsets of all bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified
     *         <code>DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride,
     *         pixel stride and band offsets.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>dataBuffer has more
     *         than one bank.
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>dataBuffer is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                         int w, int h,
                                                         int scanlineStride,
                                                         int pixelStride,
                                                         int bandOffsets[],
                                                         Point location) {
        if (dataBuffer == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }
        if (location == null) {
            location = new Point(0, 0);
        }
        int dataType = dataBuffer.getDataType();

        PixelInterleavedSampleModel csm =
            new PixelInterleavedSampleModel(dataType, w, h,
                                            pixelStride,
                                            scanlineStride,
                                            bandOffsets);
        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            return new ByteInterleavedRaster(csm, dataBuffer, location);

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            return new ShortInterleavedRaster(csm, dataBuffer, location);

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the
     * specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, bank
     * indices, and band offsets.  The number of bands is inferred
     * from bankIndices.length and bandOffsets.length, which must be
     * the same.  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the
     * location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * @param dataBuffer the <code>DataBuffer that contains the
     *        image data
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param scanlineStride the line stride of the image data
     * @param bankIndices the bank indices for each band
     * @param bandOffsets the offsets of all bands
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified
     *         <code>DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride,
     *         bank indices and band offsets.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>dataBuffer is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int bankIndices[],
                                                    int bandOffsets[],
                                                    Point location) {
        if (dataBuffer == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }
        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }
        int dataType = dataBuffer.getDataType();

        int bands = bankIndices.length;
        if (bandOffsets.length != bands) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                   "bankIndices.length != bandOffsets.length");
        }

        BandedSampleModel bsm =
            new BandedSampleModel(dataType, w, h,
                                  scanlineStride,
                                  bankIndices, bandOffsets);

        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            return new ByteBandedRaster(bsm, dataBuffer, location);

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            return new ShortBandedRaster(bsm, dataBuffer, location);

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
            return new SunWritableRaster(bsm, dataBuffer, location);

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with
     * the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, and
     * band masks.  The number of bands is inferred from bandMasks.length.
     * The upper left corner of the Raster is given by
     * the location argument.  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * @param dataBuffer the <code>DataBuffer that contains the
     *        image data
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param scanlineStride the line stride of the image data
     * @param bandMasks an array containing an entry for each band
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified
     *         <code>DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride,
     *         and band masks.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>dataBuffer has more
     *         than one bank.
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>dataBuffer is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int bandMasks[],
                                                    Point location) {
        if (dataBuffer == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }
        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }
        int dataType = dataBuffer.getDataType();

        SinglePixelPackedSampleModel sppsm =
            new SinglePixelPackedSampleModel(dataType, w, h, scanlineStride,
                                             bandMasks);

        switch(dataType) {
        case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
            return new ByteInterleavedRaster(sppsm, dataBuffer, location);

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
            return new ShortInterleavedRaster(sppsm, dataBuffer, location);

        case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
            return new IntegerInterleavedRaster(sppsm, dataBuffer, location);

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                                dataType);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Raster based on a MultiPixelPackedSampleModel with the
     * specified DataBuffer, width, height, and bits per pixel.  The upper
     * left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument.  If
     * location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     * @param dataBuffer the <code>DataBuffer that contains the
     *        image data
     * @param w         the width in pixels of the image data
     * @param h         the height in pixels of the image data
     * @param bitsPerPixel the number of bits for each pixel
     * @param location  the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     * @return a WritableRaster object with the specified
     *         <code>DataBuffer, width, height, and
     *         bits per pixel.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>location.x + w or
     *         <code>location.y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>dataType is not
     *         one of the supported data types, which are
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE,
     *         <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT
     *         or <code>DataBuffer.TYPE_INT
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>dataBuffer has more
     *         than one bank.
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>dataBuffer is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w, int h,
                                                    int bitsPerPixel,
                                                    Point location) {
        if (dataBuffer == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }
        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }
        int dataType = dataBuffer.getDataType();

        if (dataType != DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE &&
            dataType != DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT &&
            dataType != DataBuffer.TYPE_INT) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type " +
                                               dataType);
        }

        if (dataBuffer.getNumBanks() != 1) {
            throw new
                RasterFormatException("DataBuffer for packed Rasters"+
                                      " must only have 1 bank.");
        }

        MultiPixelPackedSampleModel mppsm =
                new MultiPixelPackedSampleModel(dataType, w, h, bitsPerPixel);

        if (dataType == DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE &&
            (bitsPerPixel == 1 || bitsPerPixel == 2 || bitsPerPixel == 4)) {
            return new BytePackedRaster(mppsm, dataBuffer, location);
        } else {
            return new SunWritableRaster(mppsm, dataBuffer, location);
        }
    }


    /**
     *  Creates a Raster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer.
     *  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument.
     *  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     *  @param sm the specified <code>SampleModel
     *  @param db the specified <code>DataBuffer
     *  @param location the upper-left corner of the <code>Raster
     *  @return a <code>Raster with the specified
     *          <code>SampleModel, DataBuffer, and
     *          location.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if computing either
     *         <code>location.x + sm.getWidth() or
     *         <code>location.y + sm.getHeight() results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>db has more
     *         than one bank and <code>sm is a
     *         PixelInterleavedSampleModel, SinglePixelPackedSampleModel,
     *         or MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.
     *  @throws NullPointerException if either SampleModel or DataBuffer is
     *          null
     */
    public static Raster createRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                      DataBuffer db,
                                      Point location) {
        if ((sm == null) || (db == null)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("SampleModel and DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }

        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }
        int dataType = sm.getDataType();

        if (sm instanceof PixelInterleavedSampleModel) {
            switch(dataType) {
                case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
                    return new ByteInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
                    return new ShortInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);
            }
        } else if (sm instanceof SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) {
            switch(dataType) {
                case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
                    return new ByteInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
                    return new ShortInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
                    return new IntegerInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);
            }
        } else if (sm instanceof MultiPixelPackedSampleModel &&
                   dataType == DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE &&
                   sm.getSampleSize(0) < 8) {
            return new BytePackedRaster(sm, db, location);
        }

        // we couldn't do anything special - do the generic thing

        return new Raster(sm,db,location);
    }

    /**
     *  Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel.
     *  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument.
     *  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     *  @param sm the specified <code>SampleModel
     *  @param location the upper-left corner of the
     *         <code>WritableRaster
     *  @return a <code>WritableRaster with the specified
     *          <code>SampleModel and location.
     *  @throws RasterFormatException if computing either
     *          <code>location.x + sm.getWidth() or
     *          <code>location.y + sm.getHeight() results in integer
     *          overflow
     */
    public static WritableRaster createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                                      Point location) {
        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }

        return createWritableRaster(sm, sm.createDataBuffer(), location);
    }

    /**
     *  Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer.
     *  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument.
     *  If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.
     *  @param sm the specified <code>SampleModel
     *  @param db the specified <code>DataBuffer
     *  @param location the upper-left corner of the
     *         <code>WritableRaster
     *  @return a <code>WritableRaster with the specified
     *          <code>SampleModel, DataBuffer, and
     *          location.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if computing either
     *         <code>location.x + sm.getWidth() or
     *         <code>location.y + sm.getHeight() results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>db has more
     *         than one bank and <code>sm is a
     *         PixelInterleavedSampleModel, SinglePixelPackedSampleModel,
     *         or MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.
     * @throws NullPointerException if either SampleModel or DataBuffer is null
     */
    public static WritableRaster createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                                      DataBuffer db,
                                                      Point location) {
        if ((sm == null) || (db == null)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("SampleModel and DataBuffer cannot be null");
        }
        if (location == null) {
           location = new Point(0,0);
        }

        int dataType = sm.getDataType();

        if (sm instanceof PixelInterleavedSampleModel) {
            switch(dataType) {
                case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
                    return new ByteInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
                    return new ShortInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);
            }
        } else if (sm instanceof SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) {
            switch(dataType) {
                case DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE:
                    return new ByteInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT:
                    return new ShortInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);

                case DataBuffer.TYPE_INT:
                    return new IntegerInterleavedRaster(sm, db, location);
            }
        } else if (sm instanceof MultiPixelPackedSampleModel &&
                   dataType == DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE &&
                   sm.getSampleSize(0) < 8) {
            return new BytePackedRaster(sm, db, location);
        }

        // we couldn't do anything special - do the generic thing

        return new SunWritableRaster(sm,db,location);
    }

    /**
     *  Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel.  The Raster's
     *  upper left corner is origin and it is the same size as the
     *  SampleModel.  A DataBuffer large enough to describe the
     *  Raster is automatically created.
     *  @param sampleModel     The SampleModel that specifies the layout
     *  @param origin          The Point that specified the origin
     *  @throws RasterFormatException if computing either
     *          <code>origin.x + sampleModel.getWidth() or
     *          <code>origin.y + sampleModel.getHeight() results in
     *          integer overflow
     *  @throws NullPointerException either <code>sampleModel or
     *          <code>origin is null
     */
    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     Point origin) {
        this(sampleModel,
             sampleModel.createDataBuffer(),
             new Rectangle(origin.x,
                           origin.y,
                           sampleModel.getWidth(),
                           sampleModel.getHeight()),
             origin,
             null);
    }

    /**
     *  Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel and DataBuffer.
     *  The Raster's upper left corner is origin and it is the same size
     *  as the SampleModel.  The DataBuffer is not initialized and must
     *  be compatible with SampleModel.
     *  @param sampleModel     The SampleModel that specifies the layout
     *  @param dataBuffer      The DataBuffer that contains the image data
     *  @param origin          The Point that specifies the origin
     *  @throws RasterFormatException if computing either
     *          <code>origin.x + sampleModel.getWidth() or
     *          <code>origin.y + sampleModel.getHeight() results in
     *          integer overflow
     *  @throws NullPointerException either <code>sampleModel or
     *          <code>origin is null
     */
    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                     Point origin) {
        this(sampleModel,
             dataBuffer,
             new Rectangle(origin.x,
                           origin.y,
                           sampleModel.getWidth(),
                           sampleModel.getHeight()),
             origin,
             null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel, DataBuffer, and
     * parent.  aRegion specifies the bounding rectangle of the new
     * Raster.  When translated into the base Raster's coordinate
     * system, aRegion must be contained by the base Raster.
     * (The base Raster is the Raster's ancestor which has no parent.)
     * sampleModelTranslate specifies the sampleModelTranslateX and
     * sampleModelTranslateY values of the new Raster.
     *
     * Note that this constructor should generally be called by other
     * constructors or create methods, it should not be used directly.
     * @param sampleModel     The SampleModel that specifies the layout
     * @param dataBuffer      The DataBuffer that contains the image data
     * @param aRegion         The Rectangle that specifies the image area
     * @param sampleModelTranslate  The Point that specifies the translation
     *                        from SampleModel to Raster coordinates
     * @param parent          The parent (if any) of this raster
     * @throws NullPointerException if any of <code>sampleModel,
     *         <code>dataBuffer, aRegion or
     *         <code>sampleModelTranslate is null
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>aRegion has width
     *         or height less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>aRegion.x + aRegion.width or
     *         <code>aRegion.y + aRegion.height results in integer
     *         overflow
     */
    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                     Rectangle aRegion,
                     Point sampleModelTranslate,
                     Raster parent) {

        if ((sampleModel == null) || (dataBuffer == null) ||
            (aRegion == null) || (sampleModelTranslate == null)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("SampleModel, dataBuffer, aRegion and " +
                                           "sampleModelTranslate cannot be null");
        }
       this.sampleModel = sampleModel;
       this.dataBuffer = dataBuffer;
       minX = aRegion.x;
       minY = aRegion.y;
       width = aRegion.width;
       height = aRegion.height;
       if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
           throw new RasterFormatException("negative or zero " +
               ((width <= 0) ? "width" : "height"));
       }
       if ((minX + width) < minX) {
           throw new RasterFormatException(
               "overflow condition for X coordinates of Raster");
       }
       if ((minY + height) < minY) {
           throw new RasterFormatException(
               "overflow condition for Y coordinates of Raster");
       }

       sampleModelTranslateX = sampleModelTranslate.x;
       sampleModelTranslateY = sampleModelTranslate.y;

       numBands = sampleModel.getNumBands();
       numDataElements = sampleModel.getNumDataElements();
       this.parent = parent;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the parent Raster (if any) of this Raster or null.
     * @return the parent Raster or <code>null.
     */
    public Raster getParent() {
        return parent;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the X translation from the coordinate system of the
     * SampleModel to that of the Raster.  To convert a pixel's X
     * coordinate from the Raster coordinate system to the SampleModel
     * coordinate system, this value must be subtracted.
     * @return the X translation from the coordinate space of the
     *         Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
     */
    final public int getSampleModelTranslateX() {
        return sampleModelTranslateX;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Y translation from the coordinate system of the
     * SampleModel to that of the Raster.  To convert a pixel's Y
     * coordinate from the Raster coordinate system to the SampleModel
     * coordinate system, this value must be subtracted.
     * @return the Y translation from the coordinate space of the
     *         Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
     */
    final public int getSampleModelTranslateY() {
        return sampleModelTranslateY;
    }

    /**
     * Create a compatible WritableRaster the same size as this Raster with
     * the same SampleModel and a new initialized DataBuffer.
     * @return a compatible <code>WritableRaster with the same sample
     *         model and a new data buffer.
     */
    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster() {
        return new SunWritableRaster(sampleModel, new Point(0,0));
    }

    /**
     * Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified size, a new
     * SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
     * @param w the specified width of the new <code>WritableRaster
     * @param h the specified height of the new <code>WritableRaster
     * @return a compatible <code>WritableRaster with the specified
     *         size and a new sample model and data buffer.
     * @exception RasterFormatException if the width or height is less than
     *                               or equal to zero.
     */
    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(int w, int h) {
        if (w <= 0 || h <=0) {
            throw new RasterFormatException("negative " +
                                          ((w <= 0) ? "width" : "height"));
        }

        SampleModel sm = sampleModel.createCompatibleSampleModel(w,h);

        return new SunWritableRaster(sm, new Point(0,0));
    }

    /**
     * Create a compatible WritableRaster with location (minX, minY)
     * and size (width, height) specified by rect, a
     * new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
     * @param rect a <code>Rectangle that specifies the size and
     *        location of the <code>WritableRaster
     * @return a compatible <code>WritableRaster with the specified
     *         size and location and a new sample model and data buffer.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>rect has width
     *         or height less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>rect.x + rect.width or
     *         <code>rect.y + rect.height results in integer
     *         overflow
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>rect is null
     */
    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(Rectangle rect) {
        if (rect == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Rect cannot be null");
        }
        return createCompatibleWritableRaster(rect.x, rect.y,
                                              rect.width, rect.height);
    }

    /**
     * Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified
     * location (minX, minY) and size (width, height), a
     * new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
     * @param x the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of
     *        the <code>WritableRaster
     * @param y the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of
     *        the <code>WritableRaster
     * @param w the specified width of the <code>WritableRaster
     * @param h the specified height of the <code>WritableRaster
     * @return a compatible <code>WritableRaster with the specified
     *         size and location and a new sample model and data buffer.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>w or h
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing either
     *         <code>x + w or
     *         <code>y + h results in integer
     *         overflow
     */
    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(int x, int y,
                                                         int w, int h) {
        WritableRaster ret = createCompatibleWritableRaster(w, h);
        return ret.createWritableChild(0,0,w,h,x,y,null);
    }

    /**
     * Create a Raster with the same size, SampleModel and DataBuffer
     * as this one, but with a different location.  The new Raster
     * will possess a reference to the current Raster, accessible
     * through its getParent() method.
     *
     * @param childMinX the X coordinate of the upper-left
     *        corner of the new <code>Raster
     * @param childMinY the Y coordinate of the upper-left
     *        corner of the new <code>Raster
     * @return a new <code>Raster with the same size, SampleModel,
     *         and DataBuffer as this <code>Raster, but with the
     *         specified location.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if  computing either
     *         <code>childMinX + this.getWidth() or
     *         <code>childMinY + this.getHeight() results in integer
     *         overflow
     */
    public Raster createTranslatedChild(int childMinX, int childMinY) {
        return createChild(minX,minY,width,height,
                           childMinX,childMinY,null);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new Raster which shares all or part of this Raster's
     * DataBuffer.  The new Raster will possess a reference to the
     * current Raster, accessible through its getParent() method.
     *
     * <p> The parentX, parentY, width and height parameters
     * form a Rectangle in this Raster's coordinate space,
     * indicating the area of pixels to be shared.  An error will
     * be thrown if this Rectangle is not contained with the bounds
     * of the current Raster.
     *
     * <p> The new Raster may additionally be translated to a
     * different coordinate system for the plane than that used by the current
     * Raster.  The childMinX and childMinY parameters give the new
     * (x, y) coordinate of the upper-left pixel of the returned
     * Raster; the coordinate (childMinX, childMinY) in the new Raster
     * will map to the same pixel as the coordinate (parentX, parentY)
     * in the current Raster.
     *
     * <p> The new Raster may be defined to contain only a subset of
     * the bands of the current Raster, possibly reordered, by means
     * of the bandList parameter.  If bandList is null, it is taken to
     * include all of the bands of the current Raster in their current
     * order.
     *
     * <p> To create a new Raster that contains a subregion of the current
     * Raster, but shares its coordinate system and bands,
     * this method should be called with childMinX equal to parentX,
     * childMinY equal to parentY, and bandList equal to null.
     *
     * @param parentX The X coordinate of the upper-left corner
     *        in this Raster's coordinates
     * @param parentY The Y coordinate of the upper-left corner
     *        in this Raster's coordinates
     * @param width      Width of the region starting at (parentX, parentY)
     * @param height     Height of the region starting at (parentX, parentY).
     * @param childMinX The X coordinate of the upper-left corner
     *                   of the returned Raster
     * @param childMinY The Y coordinate of the upper-left corner
     *                   of the returned Raster
     * @param bandList   Array of band indices, or null to use all bands
     * @return a new <code>Raster.
     * @exception RasterFormatException if the specified subregion is outside
     *                               of the raster bounds.
     * @throws RasterFormatException if <code>width or
     *         <code>height
     *         is less than or equal to zero, or computing any of
     *         <code>parentX + width, parentY + height,
     *         <code>childMinX + width, or
     *         <code>childMinY + height results in integer
     *         overflow
     */
    public Raster createChild(int parentX, int parentY,
                              int width, int height,
                              int childMinX, int childMinY,
                              int bandList[]) {
        if (parentX < this.minX) {
            throw new RasterFormatException("parentX lies outside raster");
        }
        if (parentY < this.minY) {
            throw new RasterFormatException("parentY lies outside raster");
        }
        if ((parentX + width < parentX) ||
            (parentX + width > this.width + this.minX)) {
            throw new RasterFormatException("(parentX + width) is outside raster");
        }
        if ((parentY + height < parentY) ||
            (parentY + height > this.height + this.minY)) {
            throw new RasterFormatException("(parentY + height) is outside raster");
        }

        SampleModel subSampleModel;
        // Note: the SampleModel for the child Raster should have the same
        // width and height as that for the parent, since it represents
        // the physical layout of the pixel data.  The child Raster's width
        // and height represent a "virtual" view of the pixel data, so
        // they may be different than those of the SampleModel.
        if (bandList == null) {
            subSampleModel = sampleModel;
        } else {
            subSampleModel = sampleModel.createSubsetSampleModel(bandList);
        }

        int deltaX = childMinX - parentX;
        int deltaY = childMinY - parentY;

        return new Raster(subSampleModel, getDataBuffer(),
                          new Rectangle(childMinX, childMinY, width, height),
                          new Point(sampleModelTranslateX + deltaX,
                                    sampleModelTranslateY + deltaY), this);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the bounding Rectangle of this Raster. This function returns
     * the same information as getMinX/MinY/Width/Height.
     * @return the bounding box of this <code>Raster.
     */
    public Rectangle getBounds() {
        return new Rectangle(minX, minY, width, height);
    }

    /** Returns the minimum valid X coordinate of the Raster.
     *  @return the minimum x coordinate of this <code>Raster.
     */
    final public int getMinX() {
        return minX;
    }

    /** Returns the minimum valid Y coordinate of the Raster.
     *  @return the minimum y coordinate of this <code>Raster.
     */
    final public int getMinY() {
        return minY;
    }

    /** Returns the width in pixels of the Raster.
     *  @return the width of this <code>Raster.
     */
    final public int getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    /** Returns the height in pixels of the Raster.
     *  @return the height of this <code>Raster.
     */
    final public int getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    /** Returns the number of bands (samples per pixel) in this Raster.
     *  @return the number of bands of this <code>Raster.
     */
    final public int getNumBands() {
        return numBands;
    }

    /**
     *  Returns the number of data elements needed to transfer one pixel
     *  via the getDataElements and setDataElements methods.  When pixels
     *  are transferred via these methods, they may be transferred in a
     *  packed or unpacked format, depending on the implementation of the
     *  underlying SampleModel.  Using these methods, pixels are transferred
     *  as an array of getNumDataElements() elements of a primitive type given
     *  by getTransferType().  The TransferType may or may not be the same
     *  as the storage data type of the DataBuffer.
     *  @return the number of data elements.
     */
    final public int getNumDataElements() {
        return sampleModel.getNumDataElements();
    }

    /**
     *  Returns the TransferType used to transfer pixels via the
     *  getDataElements and setDataElements methods.  When pixels
     *  are transferred via these methods, they may be transferred in a
     *  packed or unpacked format, depending on the implementation of the
     *  underlying SampleModel.  Using these methods, pixels are transferred
     *  as an array of getNumDataElements() elements of a primitive type given
     *  by getTransferType().  The TransferType may or may not be the same
     *  as the storage data type of the DataBuffer.  The TransferType will
     *  be one of the types defined in DataBuffer.
     *  @return this transfer type.
     */
    final public int getTransferType() {
        return sampleModel.getTransferType();
    }

    /** Returns the DataBuffer associated with this Raster.
     *  @return the <code>DataBuffer of this Raster.
     */
    public DataBuffer getDataBuffer() {
        return dataBuffer;
    }

    /** Returns the SampleModel that describes the layout of the image data.
     *  @return the <code>SampleModel of this Raster.
     */
    public SampleModel getSampleModel() {
        return sampleModel;
    }

    /**
     * Returns data for a single pixel in a primitive array of type
     * TransferType.  For image data supported by the Java 2D(tm) API,
     * this will be one of DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT,
     * DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, DataBuffer.TYPE_SHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_FLOAT,
     * or DataBuffer.TYPE_DOUBLE.  Data may be returned in a packed format,
     * thus increasing efficiency for data transfers.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * A ClassCastException will be thrown if the input object is non null
     * and references anything other than an array of TransferType.
     * @see java.awt.image.SampleModel#getDataElements(int, int, Object, DataBuffer)
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param outData  An object reference to an array of type defined by
     *                 getTransferType() and length getNumDataElements().
     *                 If null, an array of appropriate type and size will be
     *                 allocated
     * @return         An object reference to an array of type defined by
     *                 getTransferType() with the requested pixel data.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if outData is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public Object getDataElements(int x, int y, Object outData) {
        return sampleModel.getDataElements(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                           y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                           outData, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the pixel data for the specified rectangle of pixels in a
     * primitive array of type TransferType.
     * For image data supported by the Java 2D API, this
     * will be one of DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT,
     * DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, DataBuffer.TYPE_SHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_FLOAT,
     * or DataBuffer.TYPE_DOUBLE.  Data may be returned in a packed format,
     * thus increasing efficiency for data transfers.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * A ClassCastException will be thrown if the input object is non null
     * and references anything other than an array of TransferType.
     * @see java.awt.image.SampleModel#getDataElements(int, int, int, int, Object, DataBuffer)
     * @param x    The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y    The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w    Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h   Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param outData  An object reference to an array of type defined by
     *                 getTransferType() and length w*h*getNumDataElements().
     *                 If null, an array of appropriate type and size will be
     *                 allocated.
     * @return         An object reference to an array of type defined by
     *                 getTransferType() with the requested pixel data.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if outData is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public Object getDataElements(int x, int y, int w, int h, Object outData) {
        return sampleModel.getDataElements(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                           y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                           w, h, outData, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples in an array of int for the specified pixel.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param iArray An optionally preallocated int array
     * @return the samples for the specified pixel.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if iArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public int[] getPixel(int x, int y, int iArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixel(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                    y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                    iArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples in an array of float for the
     * specified pixel.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param fArray An optionally preallocated float array
     * @return the samples for the specified pixel.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if fArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public float[] getPixel(int x, int y, float fArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixel(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                    y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                    fArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples in an array of double for the specified pixel.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param dArray An optionally preallocated double array
     * @return the samples for the specified pixel.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if dArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public double[] getPixel(int x, int y, double dArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixel(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                    y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                    dArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns an int array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels,
     * one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x      The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y      The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w      Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h      Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param iArray An optionally pre-allocated int array
     * @return the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if iArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public int[] getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, int iArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixels(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                     y - sampleModelTranslateY, w, h,
                                     iArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a float array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels,
     * one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param w        Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h        Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param fArray   An optionally pre-allocated float array
     * @return the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if fArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public float[] getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h,
                             float fArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixels(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                     y - sampleModelTranslateY, w, h,
                                     fArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a double array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels,
     * one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w        Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h        Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param dArray   An optionally pre-allocated double array
     * @return the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates are not
     * in bounds, or if dArray is too small to hold the output.
     */
    public double[] getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h,
                              double dArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getPixels(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                     y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                     w, h, dArray, dataBuffer);
    }


    /**
     * Returns the sample in a specified band for the pixel located
     * at (x,y) as an int.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @return the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the
     *         specified coordinate.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds.
     */
    public int getSample(int x, int y, int b) {
        return sampleModel.getSample(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                     y - sampleModelTranslateY, b,
                                     dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the sample in a specified band
     * for the pixel located at (x,y) as a float.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @return the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the
     *         specified coordinate.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds.
     */
    public float getSampleFloat(int x, int y, int b) {
        return sampleModel.getSampleFloat(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                          y - sampleModelTranslateY, b,
                                          dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the sample in a specified band
     * for a pixel located at (x,y) as a double.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the pixel location
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @return the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the
     *         specified coordinate.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds.
     */
    public double getSampleDouble(int x, int y, int b) {
        return sampleModel.getSampleDouble(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                           y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                           b, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle
     * of pixels in an int array, one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w        Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h        Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @param iArray   An optionally pre-allocated int array
     * @return the samples for the specified band for the specified
     *         rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds, or if iArray is too small to
     * hold the output.
     */
    public int[] getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b,
                            int iArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getSamples(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                      y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                      w, h, b, iArray,
                                      dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle
     * of pixels in a float array, one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w        Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h        Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @param fArray   An optionally pre-allocated float array
     * @return the samples for the specified band for the specified
     *         rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds, or if fArray is too small to
     * hold the output.
     */
    public float[] getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b,
                              float fArray[]) {
        return sampleModel.getSamples(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                      y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                      w, h, b, fArray, dataBuffer);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the samples for a specified band for a specified rectangle
     * of pixels in a double array, one sample per array element.
     * An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown
     * if the coordinates are not in bounds.  However, explicit bounds
     * checking is not guaranteed.
     * @param x        The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param y        The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel location
     * @param w        Width of the pixel rectangle
     * @param h        Height of the pixel rectangle
     * @param b        The band to return
     * @param dArray   An optionally pre-allocated double array
     * @return the samples for the specified band for the specified
     *         rectangle of pixels.
     *
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the coordinates or
     * the band index are not in bounds, or if dArray is too small to
     * hold the output.
     */
    public double[] getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b,
                               double dArray[]) {
         return sampleModel.getSamples(x - sampleModelTranslateX,
                                       y - sampleModelTranslateY,
                                       w, h, b, dArray, dataBuffer);
    }

}

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