The CookieManager.java Java example source code
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* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
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* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
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* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
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package java.net;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.io.IOException;
import sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger;
/**
* CookieManager provides a concrete implementation of {@link CookieHandler},
* which separates the storage of cookies from the policy surrounding accepting
* and rejecting cookies. A CookieManager is initialized with a {@link CookieStore}
* which manages storage, and a {@link CookiePolicy} object, which makes
* policy decisions on cookie acceptance/rejection.
*
* <p> The HTTP cookie management in java.net package looks like:
* <blockquote>
* <pre>{@code
* use
* CookieHandler <------- HttpURLConnection
* ^
* | impl
* | use
* CookieManager -------> CookiePolicy
* | use
* |--------> HttpCookie
* | ^
* | | use
* | use |
* |--------> CookieStore
* ^
* | impl
* |
* Internal in-memory implementation
* }</pre>
* <ul>
* <li>
* CookieHandler is at the core of cookie management. User can call
* CookieHandler.setDefault to set a concrete CookieHanlder implementation
* to be used.
* </li>
* <li>
* CookiePolicy.shouldAccept will be called by CookieManager.put to see whether
* or not one cookie should be accepted and put into cookie store. User can use
* any of three pre-defined CookiePolicy, namely ACCEPT_ALL, ACCEPT_NONE and
* ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER, or user can define his own CookiePolicy implementation
* and tell CookieManager to use it.
* </li>
* <li>
* CookieStore is the place where any accepted HTTP cookie is stored in.
* If not specified when created, a CookieManager instance will use an internal
* in-memory implementation. Or user can implements one and tell CookieManager
* to use it.
* </li>
* <li>
* Currently, only CookieStore.add(URI, HttpCookie) and CookieStore.get(URI)
* are used by CookieManager. Others are for completeness and might be needed
* by a more sophisticated CookieStore implementation, e.g. a NetscapeCookieSotre.
* </li>
* </ul>
* </blockquote>
*
* <p>There're various ways user can hook up his own HTTP cookie management behavior, e.g.
* <blockquote>
* <ul>
* <li>Use CookieHandler.setDefault to set a brand new {@link CookieHandler} implementation
* <li>Let CookieManager be the default {@link CookieHandler} implementation,
* but implement user's own {@link CookieStore} and {@link CookiePolicy}
* and tell default CookieManager to use them:
* <blockquote> * // this should be done at the beginning of an HTTP session
* CookieHandler.setDefault(new CookieManager(new MyCookieStore(), new MyCookiePolicy()));
* </pre>
* <li>Let CookieManager be the default {@link CookieHandler} implementation, but
* use customized {@link CookiePolicy}:
* <blockquote> * // this should be done at the beginning of an HTTP session
* CookieHandler.setDefault(new CookieManager());
* // this can be done at any point of an HTTP session
* ((CookieManager)CookieHandler.getDefault()).setCookiePolicy(new MyCookiePolicy());
* </pre>
* </ul>
* </blockquote>
*
* <p>The implementation conforms to RFC 2965, section 3.3.
*
* @see CookiePolicy
* @author Edward Wang
* @since 1.6
*/
public class CookieManager extends CookieHandler
{
/* ---------------- Fields -------------- */
private CookiePolicy policyCallback;
private CookieStore cookieJar = null;
/* ---------------- Ctors -------------- */
/**
* Create a new cookie manager.
*
* <p>This constructor will create new cookie manager with default
* cookie store and accept policy. The effect is same as
* {@code CookieManager(null, null)}.
*/
public CookieManager() {
this(null, null);
}
/**
* Create a new cookie manager with specified cookie store and cookie policy.
*
* @param store a {@code CookieStore} to be used by cookie manager.
* if {@code null}, cookie manager will use a default one,
* which is an in-memory CookieStore implementation.
* @param cookiePolicy a {@code CookiePolicy} instance
* to be used by cookie manager as policy callback.
* if {@code null}, ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER will
* be used.
*/
public CookieManager(CookieStore store,
CookiePolicy cookiePolicy)
{
// use default cookie policy if not specify one
policyCallback = (cookiePolicy == null) ? CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER
: cookiePolicy;
// if not specify CookieStore to use, use default one
if (store == null) {
cookieJar = new InMemoryCookieStore();
} else {
cookieJar = store;
}
}
/* ---------------- Public operations -------------- */
/**
* To set the cookie policy of this cookie manager.
*
* <p> A instance of {@code CookieManager} will have
* cookie policy ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER by default. Users always
* can call this method to set another cookie policy.
*
* @param cookiePolicy the cookie policy. Can be {@code null}, which
* has no effects on current cookie policy.
*/
public void setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy cookiePolicy) {
if (cookiePolicy != null) policyCallback = cookiePolicy;
}
/**
* To retrieve current cookie store.
*
* @return the cookie store currently used by cookie manager.
*/
public CookieStore getCookieStore() {
return cookieJar;
}
public Map<String, List
get(URI uri, Map<String, List requestHeaders)
throws IOException
{
// pre-condition check
if (uri == null || requestHeaders == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument is null");
}
Map<String, List cookieMap =
new java.util.HashMap<String, List();
// if there's no default CookieStore, no way for us to get any cookie
if (cookieJar == null)
return Collections.unmodifiableMap(cookieMap);
boolean secureLink = "https".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme());
List<HttpCookie> cookies = new java.util.ArrayList();
String path = uri.getPath();
if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) {
path = "/";
}
for (HttpCookie cookie : cookieJar.get(uri)) {
// apply path-matches rule (RFC 2965 sec. 3.3.4)
// and check for the possible "secure" tag (i.e. don't send
// 'secure' cookies over unsecure links)
if (pathMatches(path, cookie.getPath()) &&
(secureLink || !cookie.getSecure())) {
// Enforce httponly attribute
if (cookie.isHttpOnly()) {
String s = uri.getScheme();
if (!"http".equalsIgnoreCase(s) && !"https".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) {
continue;
}
}
// Let's check the authorize port list if it exists
String ports = cookie.getPortlist();
if (ports != null && !ports.isEmpty()) {
int port = uri.getPort();
if (port == -1) {
port = "https".equals(uri.getScheme()) ? 443 : 80;
}
if (isInPortList(ports, port)) {
cookies.add(cookie);
}
} else {
cookies.add(cookie);
}
}
}
// apply sort rule (RFC 2965 sec. 3.3.4)
List<String> cookieHeader = sortByPath(cookies);
cookieMap.put("Cookie", cookieHeader);
return Collections.unmodifiableMap(cookieMap);
}
public void
put(URI uri, Map<String, List responseHeaders)
throws IOException
{
// pre-condition check
if (uri == null || responseHeaders == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument is null");
}
// if there's no default CookieStore, no need to remember any cookie
if (cookieJar == null)
return;
PlatformLogger logger = PlatformLogger.getLogger("java.net.CookieManager");
for (String headerKey : responseHeaders.keySet()) {
// RFC 2965 3.2.2, key must be 'Set-Cookie2'
// we also accept 'Set-Cookie' here for backward compatibility
if (headerKey == null
|| !(headerKey.equalsIgnoreCase("Set-Cookie2")
|| headerKey.equalsIgnoreCase("Set-Cookie")
)
)
{
continue;
}
for (String headerValue : responseHeaders.get(headerKey)) {
try {
List<HttpCookie> cookies;
try {
cookies = HttpCookie.parse(headerValue);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// Bogus header, make an empty list and log the error
cookies = java.util.Collections.emptyList();
if (logger.isLoggable(PlatformLogger.Level.SEVERE)) {
logger.severe("Invalid cookie for " + uri + ": " + headerValue);
}
}
for (HttpCookie cookie : cookies) {
if (cookie.getPath() == null) {
// If no path is specified, then by default
// the path is the directory of the page/doc
String path = uri.getPath();
if (!path.endsWith("/")) {
int i = path.lastIndexOf("/");
if (i > 0) {
path = path.substring(0, i + 1);
} else {
path = "/";
}
}
cookie.setPath(path);
}
// As per RFC 2965, section 3.3.1:
// Domain Defaults to the effective request-host. (Note that because
// there is no dot at the beginning of effective request-host,
// the default Domain can only domain-match itself.)
if (cookie.getDomain() == null) {
String host = uri.getHost();
if (host != null && !host.contains("."))
host += ".local";
cookie.setDomain(host);
}
String ports = cookie.getPortlist();
if (ports != null) {
int port = uri.getPort();
if (port == -1) {
port = "https".equals(uri.getScheme()) ? 443 : 80;
}
if (ports.isEmpty()) {
// Empty port list means this should be restricted
// to the incoming URI port
cookie.setPortlist("" + port );
if (shouldAcceptInternal(uri, cookie)) {
cookieJar.add(uri, cookie);
}
} else {
// Only store cookies with a port list
// IF the URI port is in that list, as per
// RFC 2965 section 3.3.2
if (isInPortList(ports, port) &&
shouldAcceptInternal(uri, cookie)) {
cookieJar.add(uri, cookie);
}
}
} else {
if (shouldAcceptInternal(uri, cookie)) {
cookieJar.add(uri, cookie);
}
}
}
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// invalid set-cookie header string
// no-op
}
}
}
}
/* ---------------- Private operations -------------- */
// to determine whether or not accept this cookie
private boolean shouldAcceptInternal(URI uri, HttpCookie cookie) {
try {
return policyCallback.shouldAccept(uri, cookie);
} catch (Exception ignored) { // pretect against malicious callback
return false;
}
}
static private boolean isInPortList(String lst, int port) {
int i = lst.indexOf(",");
int val = -1;
while (i > 0) {
try {
val = Integer.parseInt(lst.substring(0, i));
if (val == port) {
return true;
}
} catch (NumberFormatException numberFormatException) {
}
lst = lst.substring(i+1);
i = lst.indexOf(",");
}
if (!lst.isEmpty()) {
try {
val = Integer.parseInt(lst);
if (val == port) {
return true;
}
} catch (NumberFormatException numberFormatException) {
}
}
return false;
}
/*
* path-matches algorithm, as defined by RFC 2965
*/
private boolean pathMatches(String path, String pathToMatchWith) {
if (path == pathToMatchWith)
return true;
if (path == null || pathToMatchWith == null)
return false;
if (path.startsWith(pathToMatchWith))
return true;
return false;
}
/*
* sort cookies with respect to their path: those with more specific Path attributes
* precede those with less specific, as defined in RFC 2965 sec. 3.3.4
*/
private List<String> sortByPath(List cookies) {
Collections.sort(cookies, new CookiePathComparator());
List<String> cookieHeader = new java.util.ArrayList();
for (HttpCookie cookie : cookies) {
// Netscape cookie spec and RFC 2965 have different format of Cookie
// header; RFC 2965 requires a leading $Version="1" string while Netscape
// does not.
// The workaround here is to add a $Version="1" string in advance
if (cookies.indexOf(cookie) == 0 && cookie.getVersion() > 0) {
cookieHeader.add("$Version=\"1\"");
}
cookieHeader.add(cookie.toString());
}
return cookieHeader;
}
static class CookiePathComparator implements Comparator<HttpCookie> {
public int compare(HttpCookie c1, HttpCookie c2) {
if (c1 == c2) return 0;
if (c1 == null) return -1;
if (c2 == null) return 1;
// path rule only applies to the cookies with same name
if (!c1.getName().equals(c2.getName())) return 0;
// those with more specific Path attributes precede those with less specific
if (c1.getPath().startsWith(c2.getPath()))
return -1;
else if (c2.getPath().startsWith(c1.getPath()))
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
}
}
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