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Java example source code file (NashornScriptEngine.java)
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The NashornScriptEngine.java Java example source code
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
package jdk.nashorn.api.scripting;
import static jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ECMAErrors.referenceError;
import static jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptRuntime.UNDEFINED;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.AccessControlContext;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.Permissions;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.security.PrivilegedActionException;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javax.script.AbstractScriptEngine;
import javax.script.Bindings;
import javax.script.Compilable;
import javax.script.CompiledScript;
import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptContext;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory;
import javax.script.ScriptException;
import javax.script.SimpleBindings;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ErrorManager;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.GlobalObject;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Property;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptFunction;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptObject;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptRuntime;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Source;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.linker.JavaAdapterFactory;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.options.Options;
/**
* JSR-223 compliant script engine for Nashorn. Instances are not created directly, but rather returned through
* {@link NashornScriptEngineFactory#getScriptEngine()}. Note that this engine implements the {@link Compilable} and
* {@link Invocable} interfaces, allowing for efficient precompilation and repeated execution of scripts.
* @see NashornScriptEngineFactory
*/
public final class NashornScriptEngine extends AbstractScriptEngine implements Compilable, Invocable {
/**
* Key used to associate Nashorn global object mirror with arbitrary Bindings instance.
*/
public static final String NASHORN_GLOBAL = "nashorn.global";
// commonly used access control context objects
private static AccessControlContext createPermAccCtxt(final String permName) {
final Permissions perms = new Permissions();
perms.add(new RuntimePermission(permName));
return new AccessControlContext(new ProtectionDomain[] { new ProtectionDomain(null, perms) });
}
private static final AccessControlContext CREATE_CONTEXT_ACC_CTXT = createPermAccCtxt(Context.NASHORN_CREATE_CONTEXT);
private static final AccessControlContext CREATE_GLOBAL_ACC_CTXT = createPermAccCtxt(Context.NASHORN_CREATE_GLOBAL);
// the factory that created this engine
private final ScriptEngineFactory factory;
// underlying nashorn Context - 1:1 with engine instance
private final Context nashornContext;
// do we want to share single Nashorn global instance across ENGINE_SCOPEs?
private final boolean _global_per_engine;
// This is the initial default Nashorn global object.
// This is used as "shared" global if above option is true.
private final ScriptObject global;
// initialized bit late to be made 'final'.
// Property object for "context" property of global object.
private volatile Property contextProperty;
// default options passed to Nashorn Options object
private static final String[] DEFAULT_OPTIONS = new String[] { "-doe" };
// Nashorn script engine error message management
private static final String MESSAGES_RESOURCE = "jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.resources.Messages";
private static final ResourceBundle MESSAGES_BUNDLE;
static {
MESSAGES_BUNDLE = ResourceBundle.getBundle(MESSAGES_RESOURCE, Locale.getDefault());
}
// helper to get Nashorn script engine error message
private static String getMessage(final String msgId, final String... args) {
try {
return new MessageFormat(MESSAGES_BUNDLE.getString(msgId)).format(args);
} catch (final java.util.MissingResourceException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("no message resource found for message id: "+ msgId);
}
}
// load engine.js and return content as a char[]
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
private static char[] loadEngineJSSource() {
final String script = "resources/engine.js";
try {
final InputStream is = AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedExceptionAction<InputStream>() {
@Override
public InputStream run() throws Exception {
final URL url = NashornScriptEngine.class.getResource(script);
return url.openStream();
}
});
return Source.readFully(new InputStreamReader(is));
} catch (final PrivilegedActionException | IOException e) {
if (Context.DEBUG) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// Source object for engine.js
private static final Source ENGINE_SCRIPT_SRC = new Source(NashornException.ENGINE_SCRIPT_SOURCE_NAME, loadEngineJSSource());
NashornScriptEngine(final NashornScriptEngineFactory factory, final ClassLoader appLoader) {
this(factory, DEFAULT_OPTIONS, appLoader);
}
NashornScriptEngine(final NashornScriptEngineFactory factory, final String[] args, final ClassLoader appLoader) {
this.factory = factory;
final Options options = new Options("nashorn");
options.process(args);
// throw ParseException on first error from script
final ErrorManager errMgr = new Context.ThrowErrorManager();
// create new Nashorn Context
this.nashornContext = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Context>() {
@Override
public Context run() {
try {
return new Context(options, errMgr, appLoader);
} catch (final RuntimeException e) {
if (Context.DEBUG) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
throw e;
}
}
}, CREATE_CONTEXT_ACC_CTXT);
// cache this option that is used often
this._global_per_engine = nashornContext.getEnv()._global_per_engine;
// create new global object
this.global = createNashornGlobal(context);
// set the default ENGINE_SCOPE object for the default context
context.setBindings(new ScriptObjectMirror(global, global), ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
}
@Override
public Object eval(final Reader reader, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
return evalImpl(makeSource(reader, ctxt), ctxt);
}
@Override
public Object eval(final String script, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
return evalImpl(makeSource(script, ctxt), ctxt);
}
@Override
public ScriptEngineFactory getFactory() {
return factory;
}
@Override
public Bindings createBindings() {
if (_global_per_engine) {
// just create normal SimpleBindings.
// We use same 'global' for all Bindings.
return new SimpleBindings();
}
return createGlobalMirror(null);
}
// Compilable methods
@Override
public CompiledScript compile(final Reader reader) throws ScriptException {
return asCompiledScript(makeSource(reader, context));
}
@Override
public CompiledScript compile(final String str) throws ScriptException {
return asCompiledScript(makeSource(str, context));
}
// Invocable methods
@Override
public Object invokeFunction(final String name, final Object... args)
throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {
return invokeImpl(null, name, args);
}
@Override
public Object invokeMethod(final Object thiz, final String name, final Object... args)
throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {
if (thiz == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("thiz.cannot.be.null"));
}
return invokeImpl(thiz, name, args);
}
@Override
public <T> T getInterface(final Class clazz) {
return getInterfaceInner(null, clazz);
}
@Override
public <T> T getInterface(final Object thiz, final Class clazz) {
if (thiz == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("thiz.cannot.be.null"));
}
return getInterfaceInner(thiz, clazz);
}
// These are called from the "engine.js" script
/**
* This hook is used to search js global variables exposed from Java code.
*
* @param self 'this' passed from the script
* @param ctxt current ScriptContext in which name is searched
* @param name name of the variable searched
* @return the value of the named variable
*/
public Object __noSuchProperty__(final Object self, final ScriptContext ctxt, final String name) {
if (ctxt != null) {
final int scope = ctxt.getAttributesScope(name);
final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);
if (scope != -1) {
return ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(ctxt.getAttribute(name, scope), ctxtGlobal);
}
if (self == UNDEFINED) {
// scope access and so throw ReferenceError
throw referenceError(ctxtGlobal, "not.defined", name);
}
}
return UNDEFINED;
}
// Implementation only below this point
private static Source makeSource(final Reader reader, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
try {
if (reader instanceof URLReader) {
final URL url = ((URLReader)reader).getURL();
final Charset cs = ((URLReader)reader).getCharset();
return new Source(url.toString(), url, cs);
}
return new Source(getScriptName(ctxt), Source.readFully(reader));
} catch (final IOException e) {
throw new ScriptException(e);
}
}
private static Source makeSource(final String src, final ScriptContext ctxt) {
return new Source(getScriptName(ctxt), src);
}
private static String getScriptName(final ScriptContext ctxt) {
final Object val = ctxt.getAttribute(ScriptEngine.FILENAME);
return (val != null) ? val.toString() : "<eval>";
}
private <T> T getInterfaceInner(final Object thiz, final Class clazz) {
if (clazz == null || !clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("interface.class.expected"));
}
// perform security access check as early as possible
final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
if (! Modifier.isPublic(clazz.getModifiers())) {
throw new SecurityException(getMessage("implementing.non.public.interface", clazz.getName()));
}
Context.checkPackageAccess(clazz);
}
ScriptObject realSelf = null;
ScriptObject realGlobal = null;
if(thiz == null) {
// making interface out of global functions
realSelf = realGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(context);
} else if (thiz instanceof ScriptObjectMirror) {
final ScriptObjectMirror mirror = (ScriptObjectMirror)thiz;
realSelf = mirror.getScriptObject();
realGlobal = mirror.getHomeGlobal();
if (! isOfContext(realGlobal, nashornContext)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("script.object.from.another.engine"));
}
} else if (thiz instanceof ScriptObject) {
// called from script code.
realSelf = (ScriptObject)thiz;
realGlobal = Context.getGlobal();
if (realGlobal == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("no.current.nashorn.global"));
}
if (! isOfContext(realGlobal, nashornContext)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("script.object.from.another.engine"));
}
}
if (realSelf == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("interface.on.non.script.object"));
}
try {
final ScriptObject oldGlobal = Context.getGlobal();
final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != realGlobal);
try {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(realGlobal);
}
if (! isInterfaceImplemented(clazz, realSelf)) {
return null;
}
return clazz.cast(JavaAdapterFactory.getConstructor(realSelf.getClass(), clazz,
MethodHandles.publicLookup()).invoke(realSelf));
} finally {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(oldGlobal);
}
}
} catch(final RuntimeException|Error e) {
throw e;
} catch(final Throwable t) {
throw new RuntimeException(t);
}
}
// Retrieve nashorn Global object for a given ScriptContext object
private ScriptObject getNashornGlobalFrom(final ScriptContext ctxt) {
if (_global_per_engine) {
// shared single global object for all ENGINE_SCOPE Bindings
return global;
}
final Bindings bindings = ctxt.getBindings(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
// is this Nashorn's own Bindings implementation?
if (bindings instanceof ScriptObjectMirror) {
final ScriptObject sobj = globalFromMirror((ScriptObjectMirror)bindings);
if (sobj != null) {
return sobj;
}
}
// Arbitrary user Bindings implementation. Look for NASHORN_GLOBAL in it!
Object scope = bindings.get(NASHORN_GLOBAL);
if (scope instanceof ScriptObjectMirror) {
final ScriptObject sobj = globalFromMirror((ScriptObjectMirror)scope);
if (sobj != null) {
return sobj;
}
}
// We didn't find associated nashorn global mirror in the Bindings given!
// Create new global instance mirror and associate with the Bindings.
final ScriptObjectMirror mirror = createGlobalMirror(ctxt);
bindings.put(NASHORN_GLOBAL, mirror);
return mirror.getScriptObject();
}
// Retrieve nashorn Global object from a given ScriptObjectMirror
private ScriptObject globalFromMirror(final ScriptObjectMirror mirror) {
ScriptObject sobj = mirror.getScriptObject();
if (sobj instanceof GlobalObject && isOfContext(sobj, nashornContext)) {
return sobj;
}
return null;
}
// Create a new ScriptObjectMirror wrapping a newly created Nashorn Global object
private ScriptObjectMirror createGlobalMirror(final ScriptContext ctxt) {
final ScriptObject newGlobal = createNashornGlobal(ctxt);
return new ScriptObjectMirror(newGlobal, newGlobal);
}
// Create a new Nashorn Global object
private ScriptObject createNashornGlobal(final ScriptContext ctxt) {
final ScriptObject newGlobal = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<ScriptObject>() {
@Override
public ScriptObject run() {
try {
return nashornContext.newGlobal();
} catch (final RuntimeException e) {
if (Context.DEBUG) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
throw e;
}
}
}, CREATE_GLOBAL_ACC_CTXT);
nashornContext.initGlobal(newGlobal);
final int NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT = Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE | Property.NOT_CONFIGURABLE | Property.NOT_WRITABLE;
// current ScriptContext exposed as "context"
// "context" is non-writable from script - but script engine still
// needs to set it and so save the context Property object
contextProperty = newGlobal.addOwnProperty("context", NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT, ctxt);
// current ScriptEngine instance exposed as "engine". We added @SuppressWarnings("LeakingThisInConstructor") as
// NetBeans identifies this assignment as such a leak - this is a false positive as we're setting this property
// in the Global of a Context we just created - both the Context and the Global were just created and can not be
// seen from another thread outside of this constructor.
newGlobal.addOwnProperty("engine", NON_ENUMERABLE_CONSTANT, this);
// global script arguments with undefined value
newGlobal.addOwnProperty("arguments", Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE, UNDEFINED);
// file name default is null
newGlobal.addOwnProperty(ScriptEngine.FILENAME, Property.NOT_ENUMERABLE, null);
// evaluate engine.js initialization script this new global object
try {
evalImpl(compileImpl(ENGINE_SCRIPT_SRC, newGlobal), ctxt, newGlobal);
} catch (final ScriptException exp) {
throw new RuntimeException(exp);
}
return newGlobal;
}
// scripts should see "context" and "engine" as variables in the given global object
private void setContextVariables(final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal, final ScriptContext ctxt) {
// set "context" global variable via contextProperty - because this
// property is non-writable
contextProperty.setObjectValue(ctxtGlobal, ctxtGlobal, ctxt, false);
Object args = ScriptObjectMirror.unwrap(ctxt.getAttribute("arguments"), ctxtGlobal);
if (args == null || args == UNDEFINED) {
args = ScriptRuntime.EMPTY_ARRAY;
}
// if no arguments passed, expose it
if (! (args instanceof ScriptObject)) {
args = ((GlobalObject)ctxtGlobal).wrapAsObject(args);
ctxtGlobal.set("arguments", args, false);
}
}
private Object invokeImpl(final Object selfObject, final String name, final Object... args) throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {
name.getClass(); // null check
ScriptObjectMirror selfMirror = null;
if (selfObject instanceof ScriptObjectMirror) {
selfMirror = (ScriptObjectMirror)selfObject;
if (! isOfContext(selfMirror.getHomeGlobal(), nashornContext)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("script.object.from.another.engine"));
}
} else if (selfObject instanceof ScriptObject) {
// invokeMethod called from script code - in which case we may get 'naked' ScriptObject
// Wrap it with oldGlobal to make a ScriptObjectMirror for the same.
final ScriptObject oldGlobal = Context.getGlobal();
if (oldGlobal == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("no.current.nashorn.global"));
}
if (! isOfContext(oldGlobal, nashornContext)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("script.object.from.another.engine"));
}
selfMirror = (ScriptObjectMirror)ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(selfObject, oldGlobal);
} else if (selfObject == null) {
// selfObject is null => global function call
final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal = getNashornGlobalFrom(context);
selfMirror = (ScriptObjectMirror)ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(ctxtGlobal, ctxtGlobal);
}
if (selfMirror != null) {
try {
return ScriptObjectMirror.translateUndefined(selfMirror.callMember(name, args));
} catch (final Exception e) {
final Throwable cause = e.getCause();
if (cause instanceof NoSuchMethodException) {
throw (NoSuchMethodException)cause;
}
throwAsScriptException(e);
throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");
}
}
// Non-script object passed as selfObject
throw new IllegalArgumentException(getMessage("interface.on.non.script.object"));
}
private Object evalImpl(final Source src, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
return evalImpl(compileImpl(src, ctxt), ctxt);
}
private Object evalImpl(final ScriptFunction script, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
return evalImpl(script, ctxt, getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt));
}
private Object evalImpl(final ScriptFunction script, final ScriptContext ctxt, final ScriptObject ctxtGlobal) throws ScriptException {
if (script == null) {
return null;
}
final ScriptObject oldGlobal = Context.getGlobal();
final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != ctxtGlobal);
try {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(ctxtGlobal);
}
// set ScriptContext variables if ctxt is non-null
if (ctxt != null) {
setContextVariables(ctxtGlobal, ctxt);
}
return ScriptObjectMirror.translateUndefined(ScriptObjectMirror.wrap(ScriptRuntime.apply(script, ctxtGlobal), ctxtGlobal));
} catch (final Exception e) {
throwAsScriptException(e);
throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");
} finally {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(oldGlobal);
}
}
}
private static void throwAsScriptException(final Exception e) throws ScriptException {
if (e instanceof ScriptException) {
throw (ScriptException)e;
} else if (e instanceof NashornException) {
final NashornException ne = (NashornException)e;
final ScriptException se = new ScriptException(
ne.getMessage(), ne.getFileName(),
ne.getLineNumber(), ne.getColumnNumber());
se.initCause(e);
throw se;
} else if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {
throw (RuntimeException)e;
} else {
// wrap any other exception as ScriptException
throw new ScriptException(e);
}
}
private CompiledScript asCompiledScript(final Source source) throws ScriptException {
final ScriptFunction func = compileImpl(source, context);
return new CompiledScript() {
@Override
public Object eval(final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
final ScriptObject globalObject = getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt);
// Are we running the script in the correct global?
if (func.getScope() == globalObject) {
return evalImpl(func, ctxt, globalObject);
}
// ScriptContext with a different global. Compile again!
// Note that we may still hit per-global compilation cache.
return evalImpl(compileImpl(source, ctxt), ctxt, globalObject);
}
@Override
public ScriptEngine getEngine() {
return NashornScriptEngine.this;
}
};
}
private ScriptFunction compileImpl(final Source source, final ScriptContext ctxt) throws ScriptException {
return compileImpl(source, getNashornGlobalFrom(ctxt));
}
private ScriptFunction compileImpl(final Source source, final ScriptObject newGlobal) throws ScriptException {
final ScriptObject oldGlobal = Context.getGlobal();
final boolean globalChanged = (oldGlobal != newGlobal);
try {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(newGlobal);
}
return nashornContext.compileScript(source, newGlobal);
} catch (final Exception e) {
throwAsScriptException(e);
throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");
} finally {
if (globalChanged) {
Context.setGlobal(oldGlobal);
}
}
}
private static boolean isInterfaceImplemented(final Class<?> iface, final ScriptObject sobj) {
for (final Method method : iface.getMethods()) {
// ignore methods of java.lang.Object class
if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
continue;
}
Object obj = sobj.get(method.getName());
if (! (obj instanceof ScriptFunction)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private static boolean isOfContext(final ScriptObject global, final Context context) {
assert global instanceof GlobalObject: "Not a Global object";
return ((GlobalObject)global).isOfContext(context);
}
}
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