Android example source code file (android_rules.xml)

This example Android source code file (android_rules.xml) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Android by Example" ^TM.

Java - Android tags/keywords

ant, apk, builds, compiles, depends, end, generates, if, packages, please, removes, the, this, uninstalls

The android_rules.xml Android example source code

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="android_rules" default="debug">

    <!--
        This rules file is meant to be imported by the custom Ant task:
            com.android.ant.AndroidInitTask

        The following properties are put in place by the importing task:
            android.jar, android.aidl, aapt, aidl, and dx

        Additionnaly, the task sets up the following classpath reference:
            android.target.classpath
        This is used by the compiler task as the boot classpath.
    -->

    <!-- Custom tasks -->
    <taskdef name="aaptexec"
        classname="com.android.ant.AaptExecLoopTask"
        classpathref="android.antlibs" />

    <taskdef name="apkbuilder"
        classname="com.android.ant.ApkBuilderTask"
        classpathref="android.antlibs" />

    <taskdef name="xpath"
        classname="com.android.ant.XPathTask"
        classpathref="android.antlibs" />

    <!-- Properties -->

    <!-- Tells adb which device to target. You can change this from the command line
         by invoking "ant -Dadb.device.arg=-d" for device "ant -Dadb.device.arg=-e" for
         the emulator. -->
    <property name="adb.device.arg" value="" />

    <property name="android.tools.dir" location="${sdk.dir}/tools" />
    <!-- Name of the application package extracted from manifest file -->
    <xpath input="AndroidManifest.xml" expression="/manifest/@package"
                output="manifest.package" />

    <!-- Input directories -->
    <property name="source.dir" value="src" />
    <property name="source.absolute.dir" location="${source.dir}" />
    <property name="gen.dir" value="gen" />
    <property name="gen.absolute.dir" location="${gen.dir}" />
    <property name="resource.dir" value="res" />
    <property name="resource.absolute.dir" location="${resource.dir}" />
    <property name="asset.dir" value="assets" />
    <property name="asset.absolute.dir" location="${asset.dir}" />

    <!-- Directory for the third party java libraries -->
    <property name="external.libs.dir" value="libs" />
    <property name="external.libs.absolute.dir" location="${external.libs.dir}" />

    <!-- Directory for the native libraries -->
    <property name="native.libs.dir" value="libs" />
    <property name="native.libs.absolute.dir" location="${native.libs.dir}" />

    <!-- Output directories -->
    <property name="out.dir" value="bin" />
    <property name="out.absolute.dir" location="${out.dir}" />
    <property name="out.classes.dir" value="${out.absolute.dir}/classes" />
    <property name="out.classes.absolute.dir" location="${out.classes.dir}" />

    <!-- Intermediate files -->
    <property name="dex.file.name" value="classes.dex" />
    <property name="intermediate.dex.file" location="${out.absolute.dir}/${dex.file.name}" />

    <!-- The final package file to generate -->
    <property name="out.debug.unaligned.package"
                  location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-debug-unaligned.apk" />
    <property name="out.debug.package"
                  location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-debug.apk" />
    <property name="out.unsigned.package"
                  location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-unsigned.apk" />
    <property name="out.unaligned.package"
                  location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-unaligned.apk" />
    <property name="out.release.package"
                  location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-release.apk" />

    <!-- Verbosity -->
    <property name="verbose" value="false" />
    <!-- This is needed by emma as it uses multilevel verbosity instead of simple 'true' or 'false'
         The property 'verbosity' is not user configurable and depends exclusively on 'verbose'
         value.-->
    <condition property="verbosity" value="verbose" else="quiet">
        <istrue value="${verbose}" />
    </condition>
    <!-- This is needed to switch verbosity of zipalign and aapt. Depends exclusively on 'verbose'
         -->
    <condition property="v.option" value="-v" else="">
        <istrue value="${verbose}" />
    </condition>
    <!-- This is needed to switch verbosity of dx. Depends exclusively on 'verbose' -->
    <condition property="verbose.option" value="--verbose" else="">
        <istrue value="${verbose}" />
    </condition>

    <!-- Tools -->
    <condition property="exe" value=".exe" else="">
    <property name="adb" location="${android.tools.dir}/adb${exe}" />
    <property name="zipalign" location="${android.tools.dir}/zipalign${exe}" />

    <!-- Emma configuration -->
    <property name="emma.dir" value="${sdk.dir}/tools/lib" />
        <path id="emma.lib">
            <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma.jar" />
            <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma_ant.jar" />
        </path>
    <taskdef resource="emma_ant.properties" classpathref="emma.lib" />
    <!-- End of emma configuration -->

    <!-- Macros -->

    <!-- Configurable macro, which allows to pass as parameters output directory,
         output dex filename and external libraries to dex (optional) -->
    <macrodef name="dex-helper">
       <element name="external-libs" optional="yes" />
       <element name="extra-parameters" optional="yes" />
       <sequential>
         <echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${intermediate.dex.file}...
         </echo>
         <apply executable="${dx}" failonerror="true" parallel="true">
             <arg value="--dex" />
             <arg value="--output=${intermediate.dex.file}" />
             <extra-parameters />
             <arg line="${verbose.option}" />
             <arg path="${out.classes.absolute.dir}" />
             <fileset dir="${external.libs.absolute.dir}" includes="*.jar" />
             <external-libs />
         </apply>
       </sequential>
    </macrodef>

    <!-- This is macro that enable passing variable list of external jar files to ApkBuilder
         Example of use:
         <package-helper>
             <extra-jars>
                <jarfolder path="my_jars" />
                <jarfile path="foo/bar.jar" />
                <jarfolder path="your_jars" />
             </extra-jars>
         </package-helper> -->
    <macrodef name="package-helper">
        <attribute name="sign.package" />
        <element name="extra-jars" optional="yes" />
        <sequential>
            <apkbuilder
                    outfolder="${out.absolute.dir}"
                    basename="${ant.project.name}"
                    signed="@{sign.package}"
                    verbose="${verbose}">
                <file path="${intermediate.dex.file}" />
                <sourcefolder path="${source.absolute.dir}" />
                <nativefolder path="${native.libs.absolute.dir}" />
                <jarfolder path="${external.libs.absolute.dir}" />
                <extra-jars/>
            </apkbuilder>
        </sequential>
    </macrodef>

    <!-- This is macro which zipaligns in.package and outputs it to out.package. Used by targets
         debug, -debug-with-emma and release.-->
    <macrodef name="zipalign-helper">
        <attribute name="in.package" />
        <attribute name="out.package" />
        <sequential>
            <echo>Running zip align on final apk...
            <exec executable="${zipalign}" failonerror="true">
                <arg line="${v.option}" />
                <arg value="-f" />
                <arg value="4" />
                <arg path="@{in.package}" />
                <arg path="@{out.package}" />
            </exec>
        </sequential>
    </macrodef>

    <!-- This is macro used only for sharing code among two targets, -install and
         -install-with-emma which do exactly the same but differ in dependencies -->
    <macrodef name="install-helper">
        <sequential>
            <echo>Installing ${out.debug.package} onto default emulator or device...
            <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true">
                <arg line="${adb.device.arg}" />
                <arg value="install" />
                <arg value="-r" />
                <arg path="${out.debug.package}" />
            </exec>
        </sequential>
    </macrodef>

    <!-- Rules -->

    <!-- Creates the output directories if they don't exist yet. -->
    <target name="-dirs">
        <echo>Creating output directories if needed...
        <mkdir dir="${resource.absolute.dir}" />
        <mkdir dir="${external.libs.absolute.dir}" />
        <mkdir dir="${gen.absolute.dir}" />
        <mkdir dir="${out.absolute.dir}" />
        <mkdir dir="${out.classes.absolute.dir}" />
    </target>

    <!-- Generates the R.java file for this project's resources. -->
    <target name="-resource-src" depends="-dirs">
        <echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...
        <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="package" />
            <arg line="${v.option}" />
            <arg value="-m" />
            <arg value="-J" />
            <arg path="${gen.absolute.dir}" />
            <arg value="-M" />
            <arg path="AndroidManifest.xml" />
            <arg value="-S" />
            <arg path="${resource.absolute.dir}" />
            <arg value="-I" />
            <arg path="${android.jar}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Generates java classes from .aidl files. -->
    <target name="-aidl" depends="-dirs">
        <echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...
        <apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="-p${android.aidl}" />
            <arg value="-I${source.absolute.dir}" />
            <arg value="-o${gen.absolute.dir}" />
            <fileset dir="${source.absolute.dir}">
                <include name="**/*.aidl" />
            </fileset>
        </apply>
    </target>

    <!-- Compiles this project's .java files into .class files. -->
    <target name="compile" depends="-resource-src, -aidl"
                description="Compiles project's .java files into .class files">
        <!-- If android rules are used for a test project, its classpath should include
             tested project's location -->
        <condition property="extensible.classpath"
                           value="${tested.project.absolute.dir}/bin/classes" else=".">
            <isset property="tested.project.absolute.dir" />
        </condition>
        <condition property="extensible.libs.classpath"
                           value="${tested.project.absolute.dir}/libs" else="./libs">
            <isset property="tested.project.absolute.dir" />
        </condition>
        <javac encoding="ascii" target="1.5" debug="true" extdirs=""
                destdir="${out.classes.absolute.dir}"
                bootclasspathref="android.target.classpath"
                verbose="${verbose}" classpath="${extensible.classpath}">
            <src path="${source.absolute.dir}" />
            <src path="${gen.absolute.dir}" />
            <classpath>
                <fileset dir="${external.libs.absolute.dir}" includes="*.jar" />
                <fileset dir="${extensible.libs.classpath}" includes="*.jar" />
            </classpath>
        </javac>
    </target>

    <!-- Converts this project's .class files into .dex files -->
    <target name="-dex" depends="compile">
        <dex-helper />
    </target>

    <!-- Puts the project's resources into the output package file
         This actually can create multiple resource package in case
         Some custom apk with specific configuration have been
         declared in default.properties.
         -->
    <target name="-package-resources">
        <echo>Packaging resources
        <aaptexec executable="${aapt}"
                command="package"
                manifest="AndroidManifest.xml"
                resources="${resource.absolute.dir}"
                assets="${asset.absolute.dir}"
                androidjar="${android.jar}"
                outfolder="${out.absolute.dir}"
                basename="${ant.project.name}" />
    </target>

    <!-- Packages the application and sign it with a debug key. -->
    <target name="-package-debug-sign" depends="-dex, -package-resources">
        <package-helper sign.package="true" />
    </target>

    <!-- Packages the application without signing it. -->
    <target name="-package-no-sign" depends="-dex, -package-resources">
        <package-helper sign.package="false" />
    </target>

    <target name="-compile-tested-if-test" if="tested.project.dir" unless="do.not.compile.again">
       <subant target="compile">
            <fileset dir="${tested.project.absolute.dir}" includes="build.xml" />
       </subant>
    </target>

    <!-- Builds debug output package, provided all the necessary files are already dexed -->
    <target name="debug" depends="-compile-tested-if-test, -package-debug-sign"
                description="Builds the application and signs it with a debug key.">
        <zipalign-helper in.package="${out.debug.unaligned.package}"
                                   out.package="${out.debug.package}" />
        <echo>Debug Package: ${out.debug.package}
    </target>

    <target name="-release-check">
        <condition property="release.sign">
            <and>
                <isset property="key.store" />
                <isset property="key.alias" />
            </and>
        </condition>
    </target>

    <target name="-release-nosign" depends="-release-check" unless="release.sign">
        <echo>No key.store and key.alias properties found in build.properties.
        <echo>Please sign ${out.unsigned.package} manually
        <echo>and run zipalign from the Android SDK tools.
    </target>

    <target name="release" depends="-package-no-sign, -release-nosign" if="release.sign"
                description="Builds the application. The generated apk file must be signed before
                            it is published.">
        <!-- Gets passwords -->
        <input
                message="Please enter keystore password (store:${key.store}):"
                addproperty="key.store.password" />
        <input
                message="Please enter password for alias '${key.alias}':"
                addproperty="key.alias.password" />

        <!-- Signs the APK -->
        <echo>Signing final apk...
        <signjar
                jar="${out.unsigned.package}"
                signedjar="${out.unaligned.package}"
                keystore="${key.store}"
                storepass="${key.store.password}"
                alias="${key.alias}"
                keypass="${key.alias.password}"
                verbose="${verbose}" />

        <!-- Zip aligns the APK -->
        <zipalign-helper in.package="${out.unaligned.package}"
                                   out.package="${out.release.package}" />
        <echo>Release Package: ${out.release.package}
    </target>

    <target name="install" depends="debug"
                description="Installs/reinstalls the debug package onto a running
                            emulator or device. If the application was previously installed,
                            the signatures must match." >
        <install-helper />
    </target>

    <target name="-uninstall-check">
        <condition property="uninstall.run">
           <isset property="manifest.package" />
        </condition>
    </target>

    <target name="-uninstall-error" depends="-uninstall-check" unless="uninstall.run">
        <echo>Unable to run 'ant uninstall', manifest.package property is not defined.
        </echo>
    </target>

    <!-- Uninstalls the package from the default emulator/device -->
    <target name="uninstall" depends="-uninstall-error" if="uninstall.run"
                description="Uninstalls the application from a running emulator or device.">
        <echo>Uninstalling ${manifest.package} from the default emulator or device...
        <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true">
            <arg line="${adb.device.arg}" />
            <arg value="uninstall" />
            <arg value="${manifest.package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <target name="clean" description="Removes output files created by other targets.">
        <delete dir="${out.absolute.dir}" verbose="${verbose}" />
        <delete dir="${gen.absolute.dir}" verbose="${verbose}" />
    </target>

    <!-- Targets for code-coverage measurement purposes, invoked from external file -->

    <!-- Emma-instruments tested project classes (compiles the tested project if necessary)
             and writes instrumented classes to ${instrumentation.absolute.dir}/classes -->
    <target name="-emma-instrument" depends="compile">
        <echo>Instrumenting classes from ${out.absolute.dir}/classes...
        <!-- It only instruments class files, not any external libs -->
        <emma enabled="true">
            <instr verbosity="${verbosity}"
                   mode="overwrite"
                   instrpath="${out.absolute.dir}/classes"
                   outdir="${out.absolute.dir}/classes">
            </instr>
            <!-- TODO: exclusion filters on R*.class and allowing custom exclusion from
                 user defined file -->
        </emma>
    </target>

    <target name="-dex-instrumented" depends="-emma-instrument">
       <dex-helper>
          <extra-parameters>
            <arg value="--no-locals" />
          </extra-parameters>
          <external-libs>
            <fileset file="${emma.dir}/emma_device.jar" />
          </external-libs>
       </dex-helper>
    </target>

    <!-- Invoked from external files for code coverage purposes -->
    <target name="-package-with-emma" depends="-dex-instrumented, -package-resources">
        <package-helper sign.package="true">
            <extra-jars>
                <!-- Injected from external file -->
                <jarfile path="${emma.dir}/emma_device.jar" />
            </extra-jars>
        </package-helper>
    </target>

    <target name="-debug-with-emma" depends="-package-with-emma">
        <zipalign-helper in.package="${out.debug.unaligned.package}"
                                   out.package="${out.debug.package}" />
    </target>

    <target name="-install-with-emma" depends="-debug-with-emma">
        <install-helper />
    </target>

    <!-- End of targets for code-coverage measurement purposes -->

    <target name="help">
        <!-- displays starts at col 13
              |13                                                              80| -->
        <echo>Android Ant Build. Available targets:
        <echo>   help:      Displays this help.
        <echo>   clean:     Removes output files created by other targets.
        <echo>   compile:   Compiles project's .java files into .class files.
        <echo>   debug:     Builds the application and signs it with a debug key.
        <echo>   release:   Builds the application. The generated apk file must be
        <echo>              signed before it is published.
        <echo>   install:   Installs/reinstalls the debug package onto a running
        <echo>              emulator or device.
        <echo>              If the application was previously installed, the
        <echo>              signatures must match.
        <echo>   uninstall: Uninstalls the application from a running emulator or
        <echo>              device.
    </target>
</project>