Commons IO example source code file (LockableFileWriter.java)

This example Commons IO source code file (LockableFileWriter.java) is included in the DevDaily.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" ^TM.

Java - Commons IO tags/keywords

can't, could, file, io, ioexception, ioexception, lck, lockablefilewriter, lockablefilewriter, outputstreamwriter, override, override, string, string, writer

The Commons IO LockableFileWriter.java source code

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.io.output;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

/**
 * FileWriter that will create and honor lock files to allow simple
 * cross thread file lock handling.
 * <p>
 * This class provides a simple alternative to <code>FileWriter
 * that will use a lock file to prevent duplicate writes.
 * <p>
 * <b>N.B. the lock file is deleted when {@link #close()} is called
 * - or if the main file cannot be opened initially.
 * In the (unlikely) event that the lockfile cannot be deleted, 
 * this is not reported, and subsequent requests using
 * the same lockfile will fail.
 * <p>
 * By default, the file will be overwritten, but this may be changed to append.
 * The lock directory may be specified, but defaults to the system property
 * <code>java.io.tmpdir.
 * The encoding may also be specified, and defaults to the platform default.
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:sanders@apache.org">Scott Sanders
 * @author <a href="mailto:ms@collab.net">Michael Salmon
 * @author <a href="mailto:jon@collab.net">Jon S. Stevens
 * @author <a href="mailto:dlr@finemaltcoding.com">Daniel Rall
 * @author Stephen Colebourne
 * @author Andy Lehane
 * @version $Id: LockableFileWriter.java 1002182 2010-09-28 14:39:19Z sebb $
 */
public class LockableFileWriter extends Writer {
    // Cannot extend ProxyWriter, as requires writer to be
    // known when super() is called

    /** The extension for the lock file. */
    private static final String LCK = ".lck";

    /** The writer to decorate. */
    private final Writer out;
    /** The lock file. */
    private final File lockFile;

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     * If the file exists, it is overwritten.
     *
     * @param fileName  the file to write to, not null
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(String fileName) throws IOException {
        this(fileName, false, null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     *
     * @param fileName  file to write to, not null
     * @param append  true if content should be appended, false to overwrite
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(String fileName, boolean append) throws IOException {
        this(fileName, append, null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     *
     * @param fileName  the file to write to, not null
     * @param append  true if content should be appended, false to overwrite
     * @param lockDir  the directory in which the lock file should be held
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(String fileName, boolean append, String lockDir) throws IOException {
        this(new File(fileName), append, lockDir);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     * If the file exists, it is overwritten.
     *
     * @param file  the file to write to, not null
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(File file) throws IOException {
        this(file, false, null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     *
     * @param file  the file to write to, not null
     * @param append  true if content should be appended, false to overwrite
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(File file, boolean append) throws IOException {
        this(file, append, null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
     *
     * @param file  the file to write to, not null
     * @param append  true if content should be appended, false to overwrite
     * @param lockDir  the directory in which the lock file should be held
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(File file, boolean append, String lockDir) throws IOException {
        this(file, null, append, lockDir);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter with a file encoding.
     *
     * @param file  the file to write to, not null
     * @param encoding  the encoding to use, null means platform default
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(File file, String encoding) throws IOException {
        this(file, encoding, false, null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a LockableFileWriter with a file encoding.
     *
     * @param file  the file to write to, not null
     * @param encoding  the encoding to use, null means platform default
     * @param append  true if content should be appended, false to overwrite
     * @param lockDir  the directory in which the lock file should be held
     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
     */
    public LockableFileWriter(File file, String encoding, boolean append,
            String lockDir) throws IOException {
        super();
        // init file to create/append
        file = file.getAbsoluteFile();
        if (file.getParentFile() != null) {
            FileUtils.forceMkdir(file.getParentFile());
        }
        if (file.isDirectory()) {
            throw new IOException("File specified is a directory");
        }
        
        // init lock file
        if (lockDir == null) {
            lockDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
        }
        File lockDirFile = new File(lockDir);
        FileUtils.forceMkdir(lockDirFile);
        testLockDir(lockDirFile);
        lockFile = new File(lockDirFile, file.getName() + LCK);
        
        // check if locked
        createLock();
        
        // init wrapped writer
        out = initWriter(file, encoding, append);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Tests that we can write to the lock directory.
     *
     * @param lockDir  the File representing the lock directory
     * @throws IOException if we cannot write to the lock directory
     * @throws IOException if we cannot find the lock file
     */
    private void testLockDir(File lockDir) throws IOException {
        if (!lockDir.exists()) {
            throw new IOException(
                    "Could not find lockDir: " + lockDir.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        if (!lockDir.canWrite()) {
            throw new IOException(
                    "Could not write to lockDir: " + lockDir.getAbsolutePath());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates the lock file.
     *
     * @throws IOException if we cannot create the file
     */
    private void createLock() throws IOException {
        synchronized (LockableFileWriter.class) {
            if (!lockFile.createNewFile()) {
                throw new IOException("Can't write file, lock " +
                        lockFile.getAbsolutePath() + " exists");
            }
            lockFile.deleteOnExit();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Initialise the wrapped file writer.
     * Ensure that a cleanup occurs if the writer creation fails.
     *
     * @param file  the file to be accessed
     * @param encoding  the encoding to use
     * @param append  true to append
     * @return The initialised writer
     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
     */
    private Writer initWriter(File file, String encoding, boolean append) throws IOException {
        boolean fileExistedAlready = file.exists();
        OutputStream stream = null;
        Writer writer = null;
        try {
            if (encoding == null) {
                writer = new FileWriter(file.getAbsolutePath(), append);
            } else {
                stream = new FileOutputStream(file.getAbsolutePath(), append);
                writer = new OutputStreamWriter(stream, encoding);
            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(writer);
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
            FileUtils.deleteQuietly(lockFile);
            if (fileExistedAlready == false) {
                FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
            }
            throw ex;
        } catch (RuntimeException ex) {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(writer);
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
            FileUtils.deleteQuietly(lockFile);
            if (fileExistedAlready == false) {
                FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
            }
            throw ex;
        }
        return writer;
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Closes the file writer and deletes the lockfile (if possible).
     *
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        try {
            out.close();
        } finally {
            lockFile.delete();
        }
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Write a character.
     * @param idx the character to write
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void write(int idx) throws IOException {
        out.write(idx);
    }

    /**
     * Write the characters from an array.
     * @param chr the characters to write
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void write(char[] chr) throws IOException {
        out.write(chr);
    }

    /**
     * Write the specified characters from an array.
     * @param chr the characters to write
     * @param st The start offset
     * @param end The number of characters to write
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void write(char[] chr, int st, int end) throws IOException {
        out.write(chr, st, end);
    }

    /**
     * Write the characters from a string.
     * @param str the string to write
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void write(String str) throws IOException {
        out.write(str);
    }

    /**
     * Write the specified characters from a string.
     * @param str the string to write
     * @param st The start offset
     * @param end The number of characters to write
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void write(String str, int st, int end) throws IOException {
        out.write(str, st, end);
    }

    /**
     * Flush the stream.
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void flush() throws IOException {
        out.flush();
    }

}