/*
 *  gnu/regexp/RESyntax.java
 *  Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Wes Biggs
 *
 *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
 *  by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

package gnu.regexp;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.BitSet;

/**
 * An RESyntax specifies the way a regular expression will be compiled.
 * This class provides a number of predefined useful constants for
 * emulating popular regular expression syntaxes.  Additionally the
 * user may construct his or her own syntax, using any combination of the
 * syntax bit constants.  The syntax is an optional argument to any of the
 * matching methods on class RE.
 *
 * @author Wes Biggs
 */

public final class RESyntax implements Serializable {
    static final String DEFAULT_LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator");

    private static final String SYNTAX_IS_FINAL = RE.getLocalizedMessage("syntax.final");

    private BitSet bits;

    // true for the constant defined syntaxes
    private boolean isFinal = false;

    private String lineSeparator = DEFAULT_LINE_SEPARATOR;

  // Values for constants are bit indexes

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Backslash is an escape character in lists.
   */
  public static final int RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS =  0;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Use \? instead of ? and \+ instead of +.
   */
  public static final int RE_BK_PLUS_QM                =  1;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. POSIX character classes ([:...:]) in lists are allowed.
   */
  public static final int RE_CHAR_CLASSES              =  2;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. ^ and $ are special everywhere.
   * Not implemented.
   */
  public static final int RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS     =  3; 

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Repetition operators are only special in valid positions.
   * Not implemented.
   */
  public static final int RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS         =  4; 

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Repetition and alternation operators are invalid
   * at start and end of pattern and other places. 
   * Not implemented.
   */
  public static final int RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS       =  5; 

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Match-any-character operator (.) matches a newline.
   */
  public static final int RE_DOT_NEWLINE               =  6;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Match-any-character operator (.) does not match a null.
   */
  public static final int RE_DOT_NOT_NULL              =  7;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Intervals ({x}, {x,}, {x,y}) are allowed.
   */
  public static final int RE_INTERVALS                 =  8;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. No alternation (|), match one-or-more (+), or 
   * match zero-or-one (?) operators.
   */
  public static final int RE_LIMITED_OPS               =  9;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Newline is an alternation operator.
   */
  public static final int RE_NEWLINE_ALT               = 10; // impl.

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Intervals use { } instead of \{ \}
   */
  public static final int RE_NO_BK_BRACES              = 11; 

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Grouping uses ( ) instead of \( \).
   */
  public static final int RE_NO_BK_PARENS              = 12;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Backreferences not allowed.
   */
  public static final int RE_NO_BK_REFS                = 13;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Alternation uses | instead of \|
   */
  public static final int RE_NO_BK_VBAR                = 14;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Not implemented.
   */
  public static final int RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES           = 15;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. An unmatched right parenthesis (')' or '\)', depending
   * on RE_NO_BK_PARENS) will throw an exception when compiling.
   */
  public static final int RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD = 16;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Not implemented.
   */
  public static final int RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE     = 17;

  /**
   * Syntax bit.  Stingy matching is allowed (+?, *?, ??, {x,y}?).
   */
  public static final int RE_STINGY_OPS                = 18;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow character class escapes (\d, \D, \s, \S, \w, \W).
   */
  public static final int RE_CHAR_CLASS_ESCAPES        = 19;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow use of (?:xxx) grouping (subexpression is not saved).
   */
  public static final int RE_PURE_GROUPING             = 20;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow use of (?=xxx) and (?!xxx) apply the subexpression
   * to the text following the current position without consuming that text.
   */
  public static final int RE_LOOKAHEAD                 = 21;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow beginning- and end-of-string anchors (\A, \Z).
   */
  public static final int RE_STRING_ANCHORS            = 22;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow embedded comments, (?#comment), as in Perl5.
   */
  public static final int RE_COMMENTS                  = 23;

  /**
   * Syntax bit. Allow character class escapes within lists, as in Perl5.
   */
  public static final int RE_CHAR_CLASS_ESC_IN_LISTS   = 24;

  private static final int BIT_TOTAL                   = 25;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the awk utility.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_AWK;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the ed utility.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_ED;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the egrep utility.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_EGREP;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the GNU Emacs editor.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_EMACS;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the grep utility.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_GREP;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the POSIX awk specification.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_AWK;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates POSIX basic regular expression support.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the POSIX egrep specification.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EGREP;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates POSIX extended regular expression support.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates POSIX basic minimal regular expressions.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_BASIC;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates POSIX extended minimal regular expressions.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_EXTENDED;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in the sed utility.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_SED;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in Larry Wall's perl, version 4,
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_PERL4;

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in Larry Wall's perl, version 4,
   * using single line mode (/s modifier).
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_PERL4_S; // single line mode (/s)

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in Larry Wall's perl, version 5.
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_PERL5;  

  /**
   * Predefined syntax.
   * Emulates regular expression support in Larry Wall's perl, version 5,
   * using single line mode (/s modifier).
   */
  public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_PERL5_S;

    /**
     * Predefined syntax.
     * Emulates regular expression support in Java 1.4's java.util.regex
     * package.
     */
    public static final RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_JAVA_1_4;

  static {
      // Define syntaxes
      
      RE_SYNTAX_EMACS = new RESyntax().makeFinal();
      
      RESyntax RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON = new RESyntax()
	  .set(RE_CHAR_CLASSES)
	  .set(RE_DOT_NEWLINE)
	  .set(RE_DOT_NOT_NULL)
	  .set(RE_INTERVALS)
	  .set(RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON)
	  .set(RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	  .set(RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
	  .makeFinal();

      RE_SYNTAX_AWK = new RESyntax()
	  .set(RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS)
	  .set(RE_DOT_NOT_NULL)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_REFS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	  .set(RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES)
	  .set(RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_AWK = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED)
	  .set(RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_GREP = new RESyntax()
	  .set(RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
	  .set(RE_CHAR_CLASSES)
	  .set(RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE)
	  .set(RE_INTERVALS)
	  .set(RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_EGREP = new RESyntax()
	  .set(RE_CHAR_CLASSES)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS)
	  .set(RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE)
	  .set(RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	  .makeFinal();
    
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EGREP = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_EGREP)
	  .set(RE_INTERVALS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
	  .makeFinal();
    
      /* P1003.2/D11.2, section 4.20.7.1, lines 5078ff.  */
    
      RE_SYNTAX_ED = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC)
	  .makeFinal();
    
      RE_SYNTAX_SED = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_BASIC = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON)
	  .set(RE_LIMITED_OPS)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      /* Differs from RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED in that RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
	 replaces RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS and RE_NO_BK_REFS is added. */
      
      RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_EXTENDED = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_REFS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	  .set(RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      /* There is no official Perl spec, but here's a "best guess" */
      
      RE_SYNTAX_PERL4 = new RESyntax()
	  .set(RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS)
	  .set(RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS)          // except for '{', apparently
	  .set(RE_INTERVALS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  .set(RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	  .set(RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES)
	  .set(RE_CHAR_CLASS_ESCAPES)    // \d,\D,\w,\W,\s,\S
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_PERL4_S = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_PERL4)
	  .set(RE_DOT_NEWLINE)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_PERL5 = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_PERL4)
	  .set(RE_PURE_GROUPING)          // (?:)
	  .set(RE_STINGY_OPS)             // *?,??,+?,{}?
	  .set(RE_LOOKAHEAD)              // (?=)(?!)
	  .set(RE_STRING_ANCHORS)         // \A,\Z
	  .set(RE_CHAR_CLASS_ESC_IN_LISTS)// \d,\D,\w,\W,\s,\S within []
	  .set(RE_COMMENTS)              // (?#)
	  .makeFinal();
      
      RE_SYNTAX_PERL5_S = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_PERL5)
	  .set(RE_DOT_NEWLINE)
	  .makeFinal();

      RE_SYNTAX_JAVA_1_4 = new RESyntax(RE_SYNTAX_PERL5)
	  // XXX
	  .makeFinal();
  }

  /**
   * Construct a new syntax object with all bits turned off.
   * This is equivalent to RE_SYNTAX_EMACS.
   */
  public RESyntax() {
    bits = new BitSet(BIT_TOTAL);
  }

    /**
     * Called internally when constructing predefined syntaxes
     * so their interpretation cannot vary.  Conceivably useful
     * for your syntaxes as well.  Causes IllegalAccessError to
     * be thrown if any attempt to modify the syntax is made.
     *
     * @return this object for convenient chaining
     */
    public RESyntax makeFinal() {
	isFinal = true;
	return this;
    }

  /**
   * Construct a new syntax object with all bits set the same 
   * as the other syntax.
   */
  public RESyntax(RESyntax other) {
    bits = (BitSet) other.bits.clone();
  }

  /**
   * Check if a given bit is set in this syntax.
   */
  public boolean get(int index) {
    return bits.get(index);
  }

  /**
   * Set a given bit in this syntax. 
   *
   * @param index the constant (RESyntax.RE_xxx) bit to set.
   * @return a reference to this object for easy chaining.
   */
  public RESyntax set(int index) {
      if (isFinal) throw new IllegalAccessError(SYNTAX_IS_FINAL);
    bits.set(index);
    return this;
  }

  /**
   * Clear a given bit in this syntax. 
   *
   * @param index the constant (RESyntax.RE_xxx) bit to clear.
   * @return a reference to this object for easy chaining.
   */
  public RESyntax clear(int index) {
      if (isFinal) throw new IllegalAccessError(SYNTAX_IS_FINAL);
      bits.clear(index);
      return this;
  }

    /**
     * Changes the line separator string for regular expressions
     * created using this RESyntax.  The default separator is the
     * value returned by the system property "line.separator", which
     * should be correct when reading platform-specific files from a
     * filesystem.  However, many programs may collect input from
     * sources where the line separator is differently specified (for
     * example, in the applet environment, the text box widget
     * interprets line breaks as single-character newlines,
     * regardless of the host platform.
     *
     * Note that setting the line separator to a character or
     * characters that have specific meaning within the current syntax
     * can cause unexpected chronosynclastic infundibula.
     *
     * @return this object for convenient chaining 
     */
    public RESyntax setLineSeparator(String aSeparator) {
	if (isFinal) throw new IllegalAccessError(SYNTAX_IS_FINAL);
	lineSeparator = aSeparator;
	return this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the currently active line separator string.  The default
     * is the platform-dependent system property "line.separator".
     */
    public String getLineSeparator() {
	return lineSeparator;
    }
}