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Java example source code file (HTMLSerializer.java)
The HTMLSerializer.java Java example source code/* * reserved comment block * DO NOT REMOVE OR ALTER! */ /* * Copyright 1999-2004 The Apache Software Foundation. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ // Sep 14, 2000: // Fixed serializer to report IO exception directly, instead at // the end of document processing. // Reported by Patrick Higgins <phiggins@transzap.com> // Aug 21, 2000: // Fixed bug in startDocument not calling prepare. // Reported by Mikael Staldal <d96-mst-ingen-reklam@d.kth.se> // Aug 21, 2000: // Added ability to omit DOCTYPE declaration. // Sep 1, 2000: // If no output format is provided the serializer now defaults // to ISO-8859-1 encoding. Reported by Mikael Staldal // <d96-mst@d.kth.se> package com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serialize; import com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.dom.DOMMessageFormatter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.Writer; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.Locale; import org.w3c.dom.Attr; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.xml.sax.AttributeList; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; /** * Implements an HTML/XHTML serializer supporting both DOM and SAX * pretty serializing. HTML/XHTML mode is determined in the * constructor. For usage instructions see {@link Serializer}. * <p> * If an output stream is used, the encoding is taken from the * output format (defaults to <tt>UTF-8). If a writer is * used, make sure the writer uses the same encoding (if applies) * as specified in the output format. * <p> * The serializer supports both DOM and SAX. DOM serializing is done * by calling {@link #serialize} and SAX serializing is done by firing * SAX events and using the serializer as a document handler. * <p> * If an I/O exception occurs while serializing, the serializer * will not throw an exception directly, but only throw it * at the end of serializing (either DOM or SAX's {@link * org.xml.sax.DocumentHandler#endDocument}. * <p> * For elements that are not specified as whitespace preserving, * the serializer will potentially break long text lines at space * boundaries, indent lines, and serialize elements on separate * lines. Line terminators will be regarded as spaces, and * spaces at beginning of line will be stripped. * <p> * XHTML is slightly different than HTML: * <ul> * <li>Element/attribute names are lower case and case matters * <li>Attributes must specify value, even if empty string * <li>Empty elements must have '/' in empty tag * <li>Contents of SCRIPT and STYLE elements serialized as CDATA * </ul> * * @deprecated This class was deprecated in Xerces 2.6.2. It is * recommended that new applications use JAXP's Transformation API * for XML (TrAX) for serializing HTML. See the Xerces documentation * for more information. * @author <a href="mailto:arkin@intalio.com">Assaf Arkin * @see Serializer */ public class HTMLSerializer extends BaseMarkupSerializer { /** * True if serializing in XHTML format. */ private boolean _xhtml; public static final String XHTMLNamespace = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; // for users to override XHTMLNamespace if need be. private String fUserXHTMLNamespace = null; /** * Constructs a new HTML/XHTML serializer depending on the value of * <tt>xhtml. The serializer cannot be used without calling * {@link #setOutputCharStream} or {@link #setOutputByteStream} first. * * @param xhtml True if XHTML serializing */ protected HTMLSerializer( boolean xhtml, OutputFormat format ) { super( format ); _xhtml = xhtml; } /** * Constructs a new serializer. The serializer cannot be used without * calling {@link #setOutputCharStream} or {@link #setOutputByteStream} * first. */ public HTMLSerializer() { this( false, new OutputFormat( Method.HTML, "ISO-8859-1", false ) ); } /** * Constructs a new serializer. The serializer cannot be used without * calling {@link #setOutputCharStream} or {@link #setOutputByteStream} * first. */ public HTMLSerializer( OutputFormat format ) { this( false, format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.HTML, "ISO-8859-1", false ) ); } /** * Constructs a new serializer that writes to the specified writer * using the specified output format. If <tt>format is null, * will use a default output format. * * @param writer The writer to use * @param format The output format to use, null for the default */ public HTMLSerializer( Writer writer, OutputFormat format ) { this( false, format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.HTML, "ISO-8859-1", false ) ); setOutputCharStream( writer ); } /** * Constructs a new serializer that writes to the specified output * stream using the specified output format. If <tt>format * is null, will use a default output format. * * @param output The output stream to use * @param format The output format to use, null for the default */ public HTMLSerializer( OutputStream output, OutputFormat format ) { this( false, format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.HTML, "ISO-8859-1", false ) ); setOutputByteStream( output ); } public void setOutputFormat( OutputFormat format ) { super.setOutputFormat( format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.HTML, "ISO-8859-1", false ) ); } // Set value for alternate XHTML namespace. public void setXHTMLNamespace(String newNamespace) { fUserXHTMLNamespace = newNamespace; } // setXHTMLNamespace(String) //-----------------------------------------// // SAX content handler serializing methods // //-----------------------------------------// public void startElement( String namespaceURI, String localName, String rawName, Attributes attrs ) throws SAXException { int i; boolean preserveSpace; ElementState state; String name; String value; String htmlName; boolean addNSAttr = false; try { if ( _printer == null ) throw new IllegalStateException( DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage( DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN, "NoWriterSupplied", null)); state = getElementState(); if ( isDocumentState() ) { // If this is the root element handle it differently. // If the first root element in the document, serialize // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults // to that of the output format. if ( ! _started ) startDocument( (localName == null || localName.length() == 0) ? rawName : localName ); } else { // For any other element, if first in parent, then // close parent's opening tag and use the parnet's // space preserving. if ( state.empty ) _printer.printText( '>' ); // Indent this element on a new line if the first // content of the parent element or immediately // following an element. if ( _indenting && ! state.preserveSpace && ( state.empty || state.afterElement ) ) _printer.breakLine(); } preserveSpace = state.preserveSpace; // Do not change the current element state yet. // This only happens in endElement(). // As per SAX2, the namespace URI is an empty string if the element has no // namespace URI, or namespaces is turned off. The check against null protects // against broken SAX implementations, so I've left it there. - mrglavas boolean hasNamespaceURI = (namespaceURI != null && namespaceURI.length() != 0); // SAX2: rawName (QName) could be empty string if // namespace-prefixes property is false. if ( rawName == null || rawName.length() == 0) { rawName = localName; if ( hasNamespaceURI ) { String prefix; prefix = getPrefix( namespaceURI ); if ( prefix != null && prefix.length() != 0 ) rawName = prefix + ":" + localName; } addNSAttr = true; } if ( !hasNamespaceURI ) htmlName = rawName; else { if ( namespaceURI.equals( XHTMLNamespace ) || (fUserXHTMLNamespace != null && fUserXHTMLNamespace.equals(namespaceURI)) ) htmlName = localName; else htmlName = null; } // XHTML: element names are lower case, DOM will be different _printer.printText( '<' ); if ( _xhtml ) _printer.printText( rawName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) ); else _printer.printText( rawName ); _printer.indent(); // For each attribute serialize it's name and value as one part, // separated with a space so the element can be broken on // multiple lines. if ( attrs != null ) { for ( i = 0 ; i < attrs.getLength() ; ++i ) { _printer.printSpace(); name = attrs.getQName( i ).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH); value = attrs.getValue( i ); if ( _xhtml || hasNamespaceURI ) { // XHTML: print empty string for null values. if ( value == null ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"\"" ); } else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } else { // HTML: Empty values print as attribute name, no value. // HTML: URI attributes will print unescaped if ( value == null ) { value = ""; } if ( !_format.getPreserveEmptyAttributes() && value.length() == 0 ) _printer.printText( name ); else if ( HTMLdtd.isURI( rawName, name ) ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); _printer.printText( escapeURI( value ) ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } else if ( HTMLdtd.isBoolean( rawName, name ) ) _printer.printText( name ); else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } } } if ( htmlName != null && HTMLdtd.isPreserveSpace( htmlName ) ) preserveSpace = true; if ( addNSAttr ) { Enumeration keys; keys = _prefixes.keys(); while ( keys.hasMoreElements() ) { _printer.printSpace(); value = (String) keys.nextElement(); name = (String) _prefixes.get( value ); if ( name.length() == 0 ) { _printer.printText( "xmlns=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } else { _printer.printText( "xmlns:" ); _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } } // Now it's time to enter a new element state // with the tag name and space preserving. // We still do not change the curent element state. state = enterElementState( namespaceURI, localName, rawName, preserveSpace ); // Prevents line breaks inside A/TD if ( htmlName != null && ( htmlName.equalsIgnoreCase( "A" ) || htmlName.equalsIgnoreCase( "TD" ) ) ) { state.empty = false; _printer.printText( '>' ); } // Handle SCRIPT and STYLE specifically by changing the // state of the current element to CDATA (XHTML) or // unescaped (HTML). if ( htmlName != null && ( rawName.equalsIgnoreCase( "SCRIPT" ) || rawName.equalsIgnoreCase( "STYLE" ) ) ) { if ( _xhtml ) { // XHTML: Print contents as CDATA section state.doCData = true; } else { // HTML: Print contents unescaped state.unescaped = true; } } } catch ( IOException except ) { throw new SAXException( except ); } } public void endElement( String namespaceURI, String localName, String rawName ) throws SAXException { try { endElementIO( namespaceURI, localName, rawName ); } catch ( IOException except ) { throw new SAXException( except ); } } public void endElementIO( String namespaceURI, String localName, String rawName ) throws IOException { ElementState state; String htmlName; // Works much like content() with additions for closing // an element. Note the different checks for the closed // element's state and the parent element's state. _printer.unindent(); state = getElementState(); if ( state.namespaceURI == null || state.namespaceURI.length() == 0 ) htmlName = state.rawName; else { if ( state.namespaceURI.equals( XHTMLNamespace ) || (fUserXHTMLNamespace != null && fUserXHTMLNamespace.equals(state.namespaceURI)) ) htmlName = state.localName; else htmlName = null; } if ( _xhtml) { if ( state.empty ) { _printer.printText( " />" ); } else { // Must leave CData section first if ( state.inCData ) _printer.printText( "]]>" ); // XHTML: element names are lower case, DOM will be different _printer.printText( "</" ); _printer.printText( state.rawName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) ); _printer.printText( '>' ); } } else { if ( state.empty ) _printer.printText( '>' ); // This element is not empty and that last content was // another element, so print a line break before that // last element and this element's closing tag. // [keith] Provided this is not an anchor. // HTML: some elements do not print closing tag (e.g. LI) if ( htmlName == null || ! HTMLdtd.isOnlyOpening( htmlName ) ) { if ( _indenting && ! state.preserveSpace && state.afterElement ) _printer.breakLine(); // Must leave CData section first (Illegal in HTML, but still) if ( state.inCData ) _printer.printText( "]]>" ); _printer.printText( "</" ); _printer.printText( state.rawName ); _printer.printText( '>' ); } } // Leave the element state and update that of the parent // (if we're not root) to not empty and after element. state = leaveElementState(); // Temporary hack to prevent line breaks inside A/TD if ( htmlName == null || ( ! htmlName.equalsIgnoreCase( "A" ) && ! htmlName.equalsIgnoreCase( "TD" ) ) ) state.afterElement = true; state.empty = false; if ( isDocumentState() ) _printer.flush(); } //------------------------------------------// // SAX document handler serializing methods // //------------------------------------------// public void characters( char[] chars, int start, int length ) throws SAXException { ElementState state; try { // HTML: no CDATA section state = content(); state.doCData = false; super.characters( chars, start, length ); } catch ( IOException except ) { throw new SAXException( except ); } } public void startElement( String tagName, AttributeList attrs ) throws SAXException { int i; boolean preserveSpace; ElementState state; String name; String value; try { if ( _printer == null ) throw new IllegalStateException( DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage( DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN, "NoWriterSupplied", null)); state = getElementState(); if ( isDocumentState() ) { // If this is the root element handle it differently. // If the first root element in the document, serialize // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults // to that of the output format. if ( ! _started ) startDocument( tagName ); } else { // For any other element, if first in parent, then // close parent's opening tag and use the parnet's // space preserving. if ( state.empty ) _printer.printText( '>' ); // Indent this element on a new line if the first // content of the parent element or immediately // following an element. if ( _indenting && ! state.preserveSpace && ( state.empty || state.afterElement ) ) _printer.breakLine(); } preserveSpace = state.preserveSpace; // Do not change the current element state yet. // This only happens in endElement(). // XHTML: element names are lower case, DOM will be different _printer.printText( '<' ); if ( _xhtml ) _printer.printText( tagName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) ); else _printer.printText( tagName ); _printer.indent(); // For each attribute serialize it's name and value as one part, // separated with a space so the element can be broken on // multiple lines. if ( attrs != null ) { for ( i = 0 ; i < attrs.getLength() ; ++i ) { _printer.printSpace(); name = attrs.getName( i ).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH); value = attrs.getValue( i ); if ( _xhtml ) { // XHTML: print empty string for null values. if ( value == null ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"\"" ); } else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } else { // HTML: Empty values print as attribute name, no value. // HTML: URI attributes will print unescaped if ( value == null ) { value = ""; } if ( !_format.getPreserveEmptyAttributes() && value.length() == 0 ) _printer.printText( name ); else if ( HTMLdtd.isURI( tagName, name ) ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); _printer.printText( escapeURI( value ) ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } else if ( HTMLdtd.isBoolean( tagName, name ) ) _printer.printText( name ); else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } } } if ( HTMLdtd.isPreserveSpace( tagName ) ) preserveSpace = true; // Now it's time to enter a new element state // with the tag name and space preserving. // We still do not change the curent element state. state = enterElementState( null, null, tagName, preserveSpace ); // Prevents line breaks inside A/TD if ( tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "A" ) || tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "TD" ) ) { state.empty = false; _printer.printText( '>' ); } // Handle SCRIPT and STYLE specifically by changing the // state of the current element to CDATA (XHTML) or // unescaped (HTML). if ( tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "SCRIPT" ) || tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "STYLE" ) ) { if ( _xhtml ) { // XHTML: Print contents as CDATA section state.doCData = true; } else { // HTML: Print contents unescaped state.unescaped = true; } } } catch ( IOException except ) { throw new SAXException( except ); } } public void endElement( String tagName ) throws SAXException { endElement( null, null, tagName ); } //------------------------------------------// // Generic node serializing methods methods // //------------------------------------------// /** * Called to serialize the document's DOCTYPE by the root element. * The document type declaration must name the root element, * but the root element is only known when that element is serialized, * and not at the start of the document. * <p> * This method will check if it has not been called before ({@link #_started}), * will serialize the document type declaration, and will serialize all * pre-root comments and PIs that were accumulated in the document * (see {@link #serializePreRoot}). Pre-root will be serialized even if * this is not the first root element of the document. */ protected void startDocument( String rootTagName ) throws IOException { StringBuffer buffer; // Not supported in HTML/XHTML, but we still have to switch // out of DTD mode. _printer.leaveDTD(); if ( ! _started ) { // If the public and system identifiers were not specified // in the output format, use the appropriate ones for HTML // or XHTML. if ( _docTypePublicId == null && _docTypeSystemId == null ) { if ( _xhtml ) { _docTypePublicId = HTMLdtd.XHTMLPublicId; _docTypeSystemId = HTMLdtd.XHTMLSystemId; } else { _docTypePublicId = HTMLdtd.HTMLPublicId; _docTypeSystemId = HTMLdtd.HTMLSystemId; } } if ( ! _format.getOmitDocumentType() ) { // XHTML: If public identifier and system identifier // specified, print them, else print just system identifier // HTML: If public identifier specified, print it with // system identifier, if specified. // XHTML requires that all element names are lower case, so the // root on the DOCTYPE must be 'html'. - mrglavas if ( _docTypePublicId != null && ( ! _xhtml || _docTypeSystemId != null ) ) { if (_xhtml) { _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " ); } else { _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC " ); } printDoctypeURL( _docTypePublicId ); if ( _docTypeSystemId != null ) { if ( _indenting ) { _printer.breakLine(); _printer.printText( " " ); } else _printer.printText( ' ' ); printDoctypeURL( _docTypeSystemId ); } _printer.printText( '>' ); _printer.breakLine(); } else if ( _docTypeSystemId != null ) { if (_xhtml) { _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM " ); } else { _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM " ); } printDoctypeURL( _docTypeSystemId ); _printer.printText( '>' ); _printer.breakLine(); } } } _started = true; // Always serialize these, even if not te first root element. serializePreRoot(); } /** * Called to serialize a DOM element. Equivalent to calling {@link * #startElement}, {@link #endElement} and serializing everything * inbetween, but better optimized. */ protected void serializeElement( Element elem ) throws IOException { Attr attr; NamedNodeMap attrMap; int i; Node child; ElementState state; boolean preserveSpace; String name; String value; String tagName; tagName = elem.getTagName(); state = getElementState(); if ( isDocumentState() ) { // If this is the root element handle it differently. // If the first root element in the document, serialize // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults // to that of the output format. if ( ! _started ) startDocument( tagName ); } else { // For any other element, if first in parent, then // close parent's opening tag and use the parnet's // space preserving. if ( state.empty ) _printer.printText( '>' ); // Indent this element on a new line if the first // content of the parent element or immediately // following an element. if ( _indenting && ! state.preserveSpace && ( state.empty || state.afterElement ) ) _printer.breakLine(); } preserveSpace = state.preserveSpace; // Do not change the current element state yet. // This only happens in endElement(). // XHTML: element names are lower case, DOM will be different _printer.printText( '<' ); if ( _xhtml ) _printer.printText( tagName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) ); else _printer.printText( tagName ); _printer.indent(); // Lookup the element's attribute, but only print specified // attributes. (Unspecified attributes are derived from the DTD. // For each attribute print it's name and value as one part, // separated with a space so the element can be broken on // multiple lines. attrMap = elem.getAttributes(); if ( attrMap != null ) { for ( i = 0 ; i < attrMap.getLength() ; ++i ) { attr = (Attr) attrMap.item( i ); name = attr.getName().toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH); value = attr.getValue(); if ( attr.getSpecified() ) { _printer.printSpace(); if ( _xhtml ) { // XHTML: print empty string for null values. if ( value == null ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"\"" ); } else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } else { // HTML: Empty values print as attribute name, no value. // HTML: URI attributes will print unescaped if ( value == null ) { value = ""; } if ( !_format.getPreserveEmptyAttributes() && value.length() == 0 ) _printer.printText( name ); else if ( HTMLdtd.isURI( tagName, name ) ) { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); _printer.printText( escapeURI( value ) ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } else if ( HTMLdtd.isBoolean( tagName, name ) ) _printer.printText( name ); else { _printer.printText( name ); _printer.printText( "=\"" ); printEscaped( value ); _printer.printText( '"' ); } } } } } if ( HTMLdtd.isPreserveSpace( tagName ) ) preserveSpace = true; // If element has children, or if element is not an empty tag, // serialize an opening tag. if ( elem.hasChildNodes() || ! HTMLdtd.isEmptyTag( tagName ) ) { // Enter an element state, and serialize the children // one by one. Finally, end the element. state = enterElementState( null, null, tagName, preserveSpace ); // Prevents line breaks inside A/TD if ( tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "A" ) || tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "TD" ) ) { state.empty = false; _printer.printText( '>' ); } // Handle SCRIPT and STYLE specifically by changing the // state of the current element to CDATA (XHTML) or // unescaped (HTML). if ( tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "SCRIPT" ) || tagName.equalsIgnoreCase( "STYLE" ) ) { if ( _xhtml ) { // XHTML: Print contents as CDATA section state.doCData = true; } else { // HTML: Print contents unescaped state.unescaped = true; } } child = elem.getFirstChild(); while ( child != null ) { serializeNode( child ); child = child.getNextSibling(); } endElementIO( null, null, tagName ); } else { _printer.unindent(); // XHTML: Close empty tag with ' />' so it's XML and HTML compatible. // HTML: Empty tags are defined as such in DTD no in document. if ( _xhtml ) _printer.printText( " />" ); else _printer.printText( '>' ); // After element but parent element is no longer empty. state.afterElement = true; state.empty = false; if ( isDocumentState() ) _printer.flush(); } } protected void characters( String text ) throws IOException { ElementState state; // HTML: no CDATA section state = content(); super.characters( text ); } protected String getEntityRef( int ch ) { return HTMLdtd.fromChar( ch ); } protected String escapeURI( String uri ) { int index; // XXX Apparently Netscape doesn't like if we escape the URI // using %nn, so we leave it as is, just remove any quotes. index = uri.indexOf( "\"" ); if ( index >= 0 ) return uri.substring( 0, index ); else return uri; } } Other Java examples (source code examples)Here is a short list of links related to this Java HTMLSerializer.java source code file: |
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