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Java example source code file (FileChannelImpl.java)

This example Java source code file (FileChannelImpl.java) is included in the alvinalexander.com "Java Source Code Warehouse" project. The intent of this project is to help you "Learn Java by Example" TM.

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Java - Java tags/keywords

filechannelimpl, filedescriptor, filelockimpl, filelocktable, illegalargumentexception, ioexception, map_ro, negative, nio, nonreadablechannelexception, nonwritablechannelexception, object, override, security, unmapper, util, writablebytechannel

The FileChannelImpl.java Java example source code

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package sun.nio.ch;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.security.AccessController;
import sun.misc.Cleaner;
import sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction;

public class FileChannelImpl
    extends FileChannel
{
    // Memory allocation size for mapping buffers
    private static final long allocationGranularity;

    // Used to make native read and write calls
    private final FileDispatcher nd;

    // File descriptor
    private final FileDescriptor fd;

    // File access mode (immutable)
    private final boolean writable;
    private final boolean readable;
    private final boolean append;

    // Required to prevent finalization of creating stream (immutable)
    private final Object parent;

    // Thread-safe set of IDs of native threads, for signalling
    private final NativeThreadSet threads = new NativeThreadSet(2);

    // Lock for operations involving position and size
    private final Object positionLock = new Object();

    private FileChannelImpl(FileDescriptor fd, boolean readable,
                            boolean writable, boolean append, Object parent)
    {
        this.fd = fd;
        this.readable = readable;
        this.writable = writable;
        this.append = append;
        this.parent = parent;
        this.nd = new FileDispatcherImpl(append);
    }

    // Used by FileInputStream.getChannel() and RandomAccessFile.getChannel()
    public static FileChannel open(FileDescriptor fd,
                                   boolean readable, boolean writable,
                                   Object parent)
    {
        return new FileChannelImpl(fd, readable, writable, false, parent);
    }

    // Used by FileOutputStream.getChannel
    public static FileChannel open(FileDescriptor fd,
                                   boolean readable, boolean writable,
                                   boolean append, Object parent)
    {
        return new FileChannelImpl(fd, readable, writable, append, parent);
    }

    private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
        if (!isOpen())
            throw new ClosedChannelException();
    }


    // -- Standard channel operations --

    protected void implCloseChannel() throws IOException {
        // Release and invalidate any locks that we still hold
        if (fileLockTable != null) {
            for (FileLock fl: fileLockTable.removeAll()) {
                synchronized (fl) {
                    if (fl.isValid()) {
                        nd.release(fd, fl.position(), fl.size());
                        ((FileLockImpl)fl).invalidate();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        nd.preClose(fd);
        threads.signalAndWait();

        if (parent != null) {

            // Close the fd via the parent stream's close method.  The parent
            // will reinvoke our close method, which is defined in the
            // superclass AbstractInterruptibleChannel, but the isOpen logic in
            // that method will prevent this method from being reinvoked.
            //
            ((java.io.Closeable)parent).close();
        } else {
            nd.close(fd);
        }

    }

    public int read(ByteBuffer dst) throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        if (!readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            int n = 0;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return 0;
                do {
                    n = IOUtil.read(fd, dst, -1, nd);
                } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(n);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(n > 0);
                assert IOStatus.check(n);
            }
        }
    }

    public long read(ByteBuffer[] dsts, int offset, int length)
        throws IOException
    {
        if ((offset < 0) || (length < 0) || (offset > dsts.length - length))
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        ensureOpen();
        if (!readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            long n = 0;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return 0;
                do {
                    n = IOUtil.read(fd, dsts, offset, length, nd);
                } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(n);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(n > 0);
                assert IOStatus.check(n);
            }
        }
    }

    public int write(ByteBuffer src) throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        if (!writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            int n = 0;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return 0;
                do {
                    n = IOUtil.write(fd, src, -1, nd);
                } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(n);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(n > 0);
                assert IOStatus.check(n);
            }
        }
    }

    public long write(ByteBuffer[] srcs, int offset, int length)
        throws IOException
    {
        if ((offset < 0) || (length < 0) || (offset > srcs.length - length))
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        ensureOpen();
        if (!writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            long n = 0;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return 0;
                do {
                    n = IOUtil.write(fd, srcs, offset, length, nd);
                } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(n);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(n > 0);
                assert IOStatus.check(n);
            }
        }
    }

    // -- Other operations --

    public long position() throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            long p = -1;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return 0;
                do {
                    // in append-mode then position is advanced to end before writing
                    p = (append) ? nd.size(fd) : position0(fd, -1);
                } while ((p == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(p);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(p > -1);
                assert IOStatus.check(p);
            }
        }
    }

    public FileChannel position(long newPosition) throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        if (newPosition < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            long p = -1;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return null;
                do {
                    p  = position0(fd, newPosition);
                } while ((p == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return this;
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(p > -1);
                assert IOStatus.check(p);
            }
        }
    }

    public long size() throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            long s = -1;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return -1;
                do {
                    s = nd.size(fd);
                } while ((s == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return IOStatus.normalize(s);
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(s > -1);
                assert IOStatus.check(s);
            }
        }
    }

    public FileChannel truncate(long newSize) throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        if (newSize < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative size");
        if (!writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        synchronized (positionLock) {
            int rv = -1;
            long p = -1;
            int ti = -1;
            try {
                begin();
                ti = threads.add();
                if (!isOpen())
                    return null;

                // get current size
                long size;
                do {
                    size = nd.size(fd);
                } while ((size == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                if (!isOpen())
                    return null;

                // get current position
                do {
                    p = position0(fd, -1);
                } while ((p == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                if (!isOpen())
                    return null;
                assert p >= 0;

                // truncate file if given size is less than the current size
                if (newSize < size) {
                    do {
                        rv = nd.truncate(fd, newSize);
                    } while ((rv == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                    if (!isOpen())
                        return null;
                }

                // if position is beyond new size then adjust it
                if (p > newSize)
                    p = newSize;
                do {
                    rv = (int)position0(fd, p);
                } while ((rv == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                return this;
            } finally {
                threads.remove(ti);
                end(rv > -1);
                assert IOStatus.check(rv);
            }
        }
    }

    public void force(boolean metaData) throws IOException {
        ensureOpen();
        int rv = -1;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return;
            do {
                rv = nd.force(fd, metaData);
            } while ((rv == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
            end(rv > -1);
            assert IOStatus.check(rv);
        }
    }

    // Assume at first that the underlying kernel supports sendfile();
    // set this to false if we find out later that it doesn't
    //
    private static volatile boolean transferSupported = true;

    // Assume that the underlying kernel sendfile() will work if the target
    // fd is a pipe; set this to false if we find out later that it doesn't
    //
    private static volatile boolean pipeSupported = true;

    // Assume that the underlying kernel sendfile() will work if the target
    // fd is a file; set this to false if we find out later that it doesn't
    //
    private static volatile boolean fileSupported = true;

    private long transferToDirectly(long position, int icount,
                                    WritableByteChannel target)
        throws IOException
    {
        if (!transferSupported)
            return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED;

        FileDescriptor targetFD = null;
        if (target instanceof FileChannelImpl) {
            if (!fileSupported)
                return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED_CASE;
            targetFD = ((FileChannelImpl)target).fd;
        } else if (target instanceof SelChImpl) {
            // Direct transfer to pipe causes EINVAL on some configurations
            if ((target instanceof SinkChannelImpl) && !pipeSupported)
                return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED_CASE;
            targetFD = ((SelChImpl)target).getFD();
        }
        if (targetFD == null)
            return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED;
        int thisFDVal = IOUtil.fdVal(fd);
        int targetFDVal = IOUtil.fdVal(targetFD);
        if (thisFDVal == targetFDVal) // Not supported on some configurations
            return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED;

        long n = -1;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return -1;
            do {
                n = transferTo0(thisFDVal, position, icount, targetFDVal);
            } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
            if (n == IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED_CASE) {
                if (target instanceof SinkChannelImpl)
                    pipeSupported = false;
                if (target instanceof FileChannelImpl)
                    fileSupported = false;
                return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED_CASE;
            }
            if (n == IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED) {
                // Don't bother trying again
                transferSupported = false;
                return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED;
            }
            return IOStatus.normalize(n);
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
            end (n > -1);
        }
    }

    // Maximum size to map when using a mapped buffer
    private static final long MAPPED_TRANSFER_SIZE = 8L*1024L*1024L;

    private long transferToTrustedChannel(long position, long count,
                                          WritableByteChannel target)
        throws IOException
    {
        boolean isSelChImpl = (target instanceof SelChImpl);
        if (!((target instanceof FileChannelImpl) || isSelChImpl))
            return IOStatus.UNSUPPORTED;

        // Trusted target: Use a mapped buffer
        long remaining = count;
        while (remaining > 0L) {
            long size = Math.min(remaining, MAPPED_TRANSFER_SIZE);
            try {
                MappedByteBuffer dbb = map(MapMode.READ_ONLY, position, size);
                try {
                    // ## Bug: Closing this channel will not terminate the write
                    int n = target.write(dbb);
                    assert n >= 0;
                    remaining -= n;
                    if (isSelChImpl) {
                        // one attempt to write to selectable channel
                        break;
                    }
                    assert n > 0;
                    position += n;
                } finally {
                    unmap(dbb);
                }
            } catch (ClosedByInterruptException e) {
                // target closed by interrupt as ClosedByInterruptException needs
                // to be thrown after closing this channel.
                assert !target.isOpen();
                try {
                    close();
                } catch (Throwable suppressed) {
                    e.addSuppressed(suppressed);
                }
                throw e;
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                // Only throw exception if no bytes have been written
                if (remaining == count)
                    throw ioe;
                break;
            }
        }
        return count - remaining;
    }

    private long transferToArbitraryChannel(long position, int icount,
                                            WritableByteChannel target)
        throws IOException
    {
        // Untrusted target: Use a newly-erased buffer
        int c = Math.min(icount, TRANSFER_SIZE);
        ByteBuffer bb = Util.getTemporaryDirectBuffer(c);
        long tw = 0;                    // Total bytes written
        long pos = position;
        try {
            Util.erase(bb);
            while (tw < icount) {
                bb.limit(Math.min((int)(icount - tw), TRANSFER_SIZE));
                int nr = read(bb, pos);
                if (nr <= 0)
                    break;
                bb.flip();
                // ## Bug: Will block writing target if this channel
                // ##      is asynchronously closed
                int nw = target.write(bb);
                tw += nw;
                if (nw != nr)
                    break;
                pos += nw;
                bb.clear();
            }
            return tw;
        } catch (IOException x) {
            if (tw > 0)
                return tw;
            throw x;
        } finally {
            Util.releaseTemporaryDirectBuffer(bb);
        }
    }

    public long transferTo(long position, long count,
                           WritableByteChannel target)
        throws IOException
    {
        ensureOpen();
        if (!target.isOpen())
            throw new ClosedChannelException();
        if (!readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        if (target instanceof FileChannelImpl &&
            !((FileChannelImpl)target).writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        if ((position < 0) || (count < 0))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        long sz = size();
        if (position > sz)
            return 0;
        int icount = (int)Math.min(count, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        if ((sz - position) < icount)
            icount = (int)(sz - position);

        long n;

        // Attempt a direct transfer, if the kernel supports it
        if ((n = transferToDirectly(position, icount, target)) >= 0)
            return n;

        // Attempt a mapped transfer, but only to trusted channel types
        if ((n = transferToTrustedChannel(position, icount, target)) >= 0)
            return n;

        // Slow path for untrusted targets
        return transferToArbitraryChannel(position, icount, target);
    }

    private long transferFromFileChannel(FileChannelImpl src,
                                         long position, long count)
        throws IOException
    {
        if (!src.readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        synchronized (src.positionLock) {
            long pos = src.position();
            long max = Math.min(count, src.size() - pos);

            long remaining = max;
            long p = pos;
            while (remaining > 0L) {
                long size = Math.min(remaining, MAPPED_TRANSFER_SIZE);
                // ## Bug: Closing this channel will not terminate the write
                MappedByteBuffer bb = src.map(MapMode.READ_ONLY, p, size);
                try {
                    long n = write(bb, position);
                    assert n > 0;
                    p += n;
                    position += n;
                    remaining -= n;
                } catch (IOException ioe) {
                    // Only throw exception if no bytes have been written
                    if (remaining == max)
                        throw ioe;
                    break;
                } finally {
                    unmap(bb);
                }
            }
            long nwritten = max - remaining;
            src.position(pos + nwritten);
            return nwritten;
        }
    }

    private static final int TRANSFER_SIZE = 8192;

    private long transferFromArbitraryChannel(ReadableByteChannel src,
                                              long position, long count)
        throws IOException
    {
        // Untrusted target: Use a newly-erased buffer
        int c = (int)Math.min(count, TRANSFER_SIZE);
        ByteBuffer bb = Util.getTemporaryDirectBuffer(c);
        long tw = 0;                    // Total bytes written
        long pos = position;
        try {
            Util.erase(bb);
            while (tw < count) {
                bb.limit((int)Math.min((count - tw), (long)TRANSFER_SIZE));
                // ## Bug: Will block reading src if this channel
                // ##      is asynchronously closed
                int nr = src.read(bb);
                if (nr <= 0)
                    break;
                bb.flip();
                int nw = write(bb, pos);
                tw += nw;
                if (nw != nr)
                    break;
                pos += nw;
                bb.clear();
            }
            return tw;
        } catch (IOException x) {
            if (tw > 0)
                return tw;
            throw x;
        } finally {
            Util.releaseTemporaryDirectBuffer(bb);
        }
    }

    public long transferFrom(ReadableByteChannel src,
                             long position, long count)
        throws IOException
    {
        ensureOpen();
        if (!src.isOpen())
            throw new ClosedChannelException();
        if (!writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        if ((position < 0) || (count < 0))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        if (position > size())
            return 0;
        if (src instanceof FileChannelImpl)
           return transferFromFileChannel((FileChannelImpl)src,
                                          position, count);

        return transferFromArbitraryChannel(src, position, count);
    }

    public int read(ByteBuffer dst, long position) throws IOException {
        if (dst == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        if (position < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative position");
        if (!readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        ensureOpen();
        if (nd.needsPositionLock()) {
            synchronized (positionLock) {
                return readInternal(dst, position);
            }
        } else {
            return readInternal(dst, position);
        }
    }

    private int readInternal(ByteBuffer dst, long position) throws IOException {
        assert !nd.needsPositionLock() || Thread.holdsLock(positionLock);
        int n = 0;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return -1;
            do {
                n = IOUtil.read(fd, dst, position, nd);
            } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
            return IOStatus.normalize(n);
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
            end(n > 0);
            assert IOStatus.check(n);
        }
    }

    public int write(ByteBuffer src, long position) throws IOException {
        if (src == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        if (position < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative position");
        if (!writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        ensureOpen();
        if (nd.needsPositionLock()) {
            synchronized (positionLock) {
                return writeInternal(src, position);
            }
        } else {
            return writeInternal(src, position);
        }
    }

    private int writeInternal(ByteBuffer src, long position) throws IOException {
        assert !nd.needsPositionLock() || Thread.holdsLock(positionLock);
        int n = 0;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return -1;
            do {
                n = IOUtil.write(fd, src, position, nd);
            } while ((n == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
            return IOStatus.normalize(n);
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
            end(n > 0);
            assert IOStatus.check(n);
        }
    }


    // -- Memory-mapped buffers --

    private static class Unmapper
        implements Runnable
    {
        // may be required to close file
        private static final NativeDispatcher nd = new FileDispatcherImpl();

        // keep track of mapped buffer usage
        static volatile int count;
        static volatile long totalSize;
        static volatile long totalCapacity;

        private volatile long address;
        private final long size;
        private final int cap;
        private final FileDescriptor fd;

        private Unmapper(long address, long size, int cap,
                         FileDescriptor fd)
        {
            assert (address != 0);
            this.address = address;
            this.size = size;
            this.cap = cap;
            this.fd = fd;

            synchronized (Unmapper.class) {
                count++;
                totalSize += size;
                totalCapacity += cap;
            }
        }

        public void run() {
            if (address == 0)
                return;
            unmap0(address, size);
            address = 0;

            // if this mapping has a valid file descriptor then we close it
            if (fd.valid()) {
                try {
                    nd.close(fd);
                } catch (IOException ignore) {
                    // nothing we can do
                }
            }

            synchronized (Unmapper.class) {
                count--;
                totalSize -= size;
                totalCapacity -= cap;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void unmap(MappedByteBuffer bb) {
        Cleaner cl = ((DirectBuffer)bb).cleaner();
        if (cl != null)
            cl.clean();
    }

    private static final int MAP_RO = 0;
    private static final int MAP_RW = 1;
    private static final int MAP_PV = 2;

    public MappedByteBuffer map(MapMode mode, long position, long size)
        throws IOException
    {
        ensureOpen();
        if (mode == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("Mode is null");
        if (position < 0L)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative position");
        if (size < 0L)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative size");
        if (position + size < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Position + size overflow");
        if (size > Integer.MAX_VALUE)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Size exceeds Integer.MAX_VALUE");

        int imode = -1;
        if (mode == MapMode.READ_ONLY)
            imode = MAP_RO;
        else if (mode == MapMode.READ_WRITE)
            imode = MAP_RW;
        else if (mode == MapMode.PRIVATE)
            imode = MAP_PV;
        assert (imode >= 0);
        if ((mode != MapMode.READ_ONLY) && !writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        if (!readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();

        long addr = -1;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return null;

            long filesize;
            do {
                filesize = nd.size(fd);
            } while ((filesize == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
            if (!isOpen())
                return null;

            if (filesize < position + size) { // Extend file size
                if (!writable) {
                    throw new IOException("Channel not open for writing " +
                        "- cannot extend file to required size");
                }
                int rv;
                do {
                    rv = nd.truncate(fd, position + size);
                } while ((rv == IOStatus.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
                if (!isOpen())
                    return null;
            }
            if (size == 0) {
                addr = 0;
                // a valid file descriptor is not required
                FileDescriptor dummy = new FileDescriptor();
                if ((!writable) || (imode == MAP_RO))
                    return Util.newMappedByteBufferR(0, 0, dummy, null);
                else
                    return Util.newMappedByteBuffer(0, 0, dummy, null);
            }

            int pagePosition = (int)(position % allocationGranularity);
            long mapPosition = position - pagePosition;
            long mapSize = size + pagePosition;
            try {
                // If no exception was thrown from map0, the address is valid
                addr = map0(imode, mapPosition, mapSize);
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError x) {
                // An OutOfMemoryError may indicate that we've exhausted memory
                // so force gc and re-attempt map
                System.gc();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException y) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
                try {
                    addr = map0(imode, mapPosition, mapSize);
                } catch (OutOfMemoryError y) {
                    // After a second OOME, fail
                    throw new IOException("Map failed", y);
                }
            }

            // On Windows, and potentially other platforms, we need an open
            // file descriptor for some mapping operations.
            FileDescriptor mfd;
            try {
                mfd = nd.duplicateForMapping(fd);
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                unmap0(addr, mapSize);
                throw ioe;
            }

            assert (IOStatus.checkAll(addr));
            assert (addr % allocationGranularity == 0);
            int isize = (int)size;
            Unmapper um = new Unmapper(addr, mapSize, isize, mfd);
            if ((!writable) || (imode == MAP_RO)) {
                return Util.newMappedByteBufferR(isize,
                                                 addr + pagePosition,
                                                 mfd,
                                                 um);
            } else {
                return Util.newMappedByteBuffer(isize,
                                                addr + pagePosition,
                                                mfd,
                                                um);
            }
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
            end(IOStatus.checkAll(addr));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Invoked by sun.management.ManagementFactoryHelper to create the management
     * interface for mapped buffers.
     */
    public static sun.misc.JavaNioAccess.BufferPool getMappedBufferPool() {
        return new sun.misc.JavaNioAccess.BufferPool() {
            @Override
            public String getName() {
                return "mapped";
            }
            @Override
            public long getCount() {
                return Unmapper.count;
            }
            @Override
            public long getTotalCapacity() {
                return Unmapper.totalCapacity;
            }
            @Override
            public long getMemoryUsed() {
                return Unmapper.totalSize;
            }
        };
    }

    // -- Locks --



    // keeps track of locks on this file
    private volatile FileLockTable fileLockTable;

    // indicates if file locks are maintained system-wide (as per spec)
    private static boolean isSharedFileLockTable;

    // indicates if the disableSystemWideOverlappingFileLockCheck property
    // has been checked
    private static volatile boolean propertyChecked;

    // The lock list in J2SE 1.4/5.0 was local to each FileChannel instance so
    // the overlap check wasn't system wide when there were multiple channels to
    // the same file. This property is used to get 1.4/5.0 behavior if desired.
    private static boolean isSharedFileLockTable() {
        if (!propertyChecked) {
            synchronized (FileChannelImpl.class) {
                if (!propertyChecked) {
                    String value = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                        new GetPropertyAction(
                            "sun.nio.ch.disableSystemWideOverlappingFileLockCheck"));
                    isSharedFileLockTable = ((value == null) || value.equals("false"));
                    propertyChecked = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return isSharedFileLockTable;
    }

    private FileLockTable fileLockTable() throws IOException {
        if (fileLockTable == null) {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (fileLockTable == null) {
                    if (isSharedFileLockTable()) {
                        int ti = threads.add();
                        try {
                            ensureOpen();
                            fileLockTable = FileLockTable.newSharedFileLockTable(this, fd);
                        } finally {
                            threads.remove(ti);
                        }
                    } else {
                        fileLockTable = new SimpleFileLockTable();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return fileLockTable;
    }

    public FileLock lock(long position, long size, boolean shared)
        throws IOException
    {
        ensureOpen();
        if (shared && !readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        if (!shared && !writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        FileLockImpl fli = new FileLockImpl(this, position, size, shared);
        FileLockTable flt = fileLockTable();
        flt.add(fli);
        boolean completed = false;
        int ti = -1;
        try {
            begin();
            ti = threads.add();
            if (!isOpen())
                return null;
            int n;
            do {
                n = nd.lock(fd, true, position, size, shared);
            } while ((n == FileDispatcher.INTERRUPTED) && isOpen());
            if (isOpen()) {
                if (n == FileDispatcher.RET_EX_LOCK) {
                    assert shared;
                    FileLockImpl fli2 = new FileLockImpl(this, position, size,
                                                         false);
                    flt.replace(fli, fli2);
                    fli = fli2;
                }
                completed = true;
            }
        } finally {
            if (!completed)
                flt.remove(fli);
            threads.remove(ti);
            try {
                end(completed);
            } catch (ClosedByInterruptException e) {
                throw new FileLockInterruptionException();
            }
        }
        return fli;
    }

    public FileLock tryLock(long position, long size, boolean shared)
        throws IOException
    {
        ensureOpen();
        if (shared && !readable)
            throw new NonReadableChannelException();
        if (!shared && !writable)
            throw new NonWritableChannelException();
        FileLockImpl fli = new FileLockImpl(this, position, size, shared);
        FileLockTable flt = fileLockTable();
        flt.add(fli);
        int result;

        int ti = threads.add();
        try {
            try {
                ensureOpen();
                result = nd.lock(fd, false, position, size, shared);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                flt.remove(fli);
                throw e;
            }
            if (result == FileDispatcher.NO_LOCK) {
                flt.remove(fli);
                return null;
            }
            if (result == FileDispatcher.RET_EX_LOCK) {
                assert shared;
                FileLockImpl fli2 = new FileLockImpl(this, position, size,
                                                     false);
                flt.replace(fli, fli2);
                return fli2;
            }
            return fli;
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
        }
    }

    void release(FileLockImpl fli) throws IOException {
        int ti = threads.add();
        try {
            ensureOpen();
            nd.release(fd, fli.position(), fli.size());
        } finally {
            threads.remove(ti);
        }
        assert fileLockTable != null;
        fileLockTable.remove(fli);
    }

    // -- File lock support --

    /**
     * A simple file lock table that maintains a list of FileLocks obtained by a
     * FileChannel. Use to get 1.4/5.0 behaviour.
     */
    private static class SimpleFileLockTable extends FileLockTable {
        // synchronize on list for access
        private final List<FileLock> lockList = new ArrayList(2);

        public SimpleFileLockTable() {
        }

        private void checkList(long position, long size)
            throws OverlappingFileLockException
        {
            assert Thread.holdsLock(lockList);
            for (FileLock fl: lockList) {
                if (fl.overlaps(position, size)) {
                    throw new OverlappingFileLockException();
                }
            }
        }

        public void add(FileLock fl) throws OverlappingFileLockException {
            synchronized (lockList) {
                checkList(fl.position(), fl.size());
                lockList.add(fl);
            }
        }

        public void remove(FileLock fl) {
            synchronized (lockList) {
                lockList.remove(fl);
            }
        }

        public List<FileLock> removeAll() {
            synchronized(lockList) {
                List<FileLock> result = new ArrayList(lockList);
                lockList.clear();
                return result;
            }
        }

        public void replace(FileLock fl1, FileLock fl2) {
            synchronized (lockList) {
                lockList.remove(fl1);
                lockList.add(fl2);
            }
        }
    }

    // -- Native methods --

    // Creates a new mapping
    private native long map0(int prot, long position, long length)
        throws IOException;

    // Removes an existing mapping
    private static native int unmap0(long address, long length);

    // Transfers from src to dst, or returns -2 if kernel can't do that
    private native long transferTo0(int src, long position, long count, int dst);

    // Sets or reports this file's position
    // If offset is -1, the current position is returned
    // otherwise the position is set to offset
    private native long position0(FileDescriptor fd, long offset);

    // Caches fieldIDs
    private static native long initIDs();

    static {
        IOUtil.load();
        allocationGranularity = initIDs();
    }

}

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