Java example source code file (utf.c)
The utf.c Java example source code
/*
* Copyright (c) 2004, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
/* Misc functions for conversion of Unicode and UTF-8 and platform encoding */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "jni.h"
#include "utf.h"
/*
* Error handler
*/
void
utfError(char *file, int line, char *message)
{
(void)fprintf(stderr, "UTF ERROR [\"%s\":%d]: %s\n", file, line, message);
abort();
}
/*
* Convert UTF-8 to UTF-16
* Returns length or -1 if output overflows.
*/
int JNICALL
utf8ToUtf16(struct UtfInst *ui, jbyte *utf8, int len, unsigned short *output, int outputMaxLen)
{
int outputLen;
int i;
UTF_ASSERT(utf8);
UTF_ASSERT(len>=0);
UTF_ASSERT(output);
UTF_ASSERT(outputMaxLen>0);
i = 0;
outputLen = 0;
while ( i<len ) {
unsigned code, x, y, z;
if ( outputLen >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
x = (unsigned char)utf8[i++];
code = x;
if ( (x & 0xE0)==0xE0 ) {
y = (unsigned char)utf8[i++];
z = (unsigned char)utf8[i++];
code = ((x & 0xF)<<12) + ((y & 0x3F)<<6) + (z & 0x3F);
} else if ( (x & 0xC0)==0xC0 ) {
y = (unsigned char)utf8[i++];
code = ((x & 0x1F)<<6) + (y & 0x3F);
}
output[outputLen++] = code;
}
return outputLen;
}
/*
* Convert UTF-16 to UTF-8 Modified
* Returns length or -1 if output overflows.
*/
int JNICALL
utf16ToUtf8m(struct UtfInst *ui, unsigned short *utf16, int len, jbyte *output, int outputMaxLen)
{
int i;
int outputLen;
UTF_ASSERT(utf16);
UTF_ASSERT(len>=0);
UTF_ASSERT(output);
UTF_ASSERT(outputMaxLen>0);
outputLen = 0;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
unsigned code;
code = utf16[i];
if ( code >= 0x0001 && code <= 0x007F ) {
if ( outputLen + 1 >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
output[outputLen++] = code;
} else if ( code == 0 || ( code >= 0x0080 && code <= 0x07FF ) ) {
if ( outputLen + 2 >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
output[outputLen++] = ((code>>6) & 0x1F) | 0xC0;
output[outputLen++] = (code & 0x3F) | 0x80;
} else if ( code >= 0x0800 && code <= 0xFFFF ) {
if ( outputLen + 3 >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
output[outputLen++] = ((code>>12) & 0x0F) | 0xE0;
output[outputLen++] = ((code>>6) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
output[outputLen++] = (code & 0x3F) | 0x80;
}
}
output[outputLen] = 0;
return outputLen;
}
int JNICALL
utf16ToUtf8s(struct UtfInst *ui, unsigned short *utf16, int len, jbyte *output, int outputMaxLen)
{
return -1; /* FIXUP */
}
/* Determine length of this Standard UTF-8 in Modified UTF-8.
* Validation is done of the basic UTF encoding rules, returns
* length (no change) when errors are detected in the UTF encoding.
*
* Note: Accepts Modified UTF-8 also, no verification on the
* correctness of Standard UTF-8 is done. e,g, 0xC080 input is ok.
*/
int JNICALL
utf8sToUtf8mLength(struct UtfInst *ui, jbyte *string, int length)
{
int newLength;
int i;
newLength = 0;
for ( i = 0 ; i < length ; i++ ) {
unsigned byte;
byte = (unsigned char)string[i];
if ( (byte & 0x80) == 0 ) { /* 1byte encoding */
newLength++;
if ( byte == 0 ) {
newLength++; /* We gain one byte in length on NULL bytes */
}
} else if ( (byte & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ) { /* 2byte encoding */
/* Check encoding of following bytes */
if ( (i+1) >= length || (string[i+1] & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
i++; /* Skip next byte */
newLength += 2;
} else if ( (byte & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ) { /* 3byte encoding */
/* Check encoding of following bytes */
if ( (i+2) >= length || (string[i+1] & 0xC0) != 0x80
|| (string[i+2] & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
i += 2; /* Skip next two bytes */
newLength += 3;
} else if ( (byte & 0xF8) == 0xF0 ) { /* 4byte encoding */
/* Check encoding of following bytes */
if ( (i+3) >= length || (string[i+1] & 0xC0) != 0x80
|| (string[i+2] & 0xC0) != 0x80
|| (string[i+3] & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
i += 3; /* Skip next 3 bytes */
newLength += 6; /* 4byte encoding turns into 2 3byte ones */
} else {
break; /* Error condition */
}
}
if ( i != length ) {
/* Error in finding new length, return old length so no conversion */
/* FIXUP: ERROR_MESSAGE? */
return length;
}
return newLength;
}
/* Convert Standard UTF-8 to Modified UTF-8.
* Assumes the UTF-8 encoding was validated by utf8mLength() above.
*
* Note: Accepts Modified UTF-8 also, no verification on the
* correctness of Standard UTF-8 is done. e,g, 0xC080 input is ok.
*/
void JNICALL
utf8sToUtf8m(struct UtfInst *ui, jbyte *string, int length, jbyte *newString, int newLength)
{
int i;
int j;
j = 0;
for ( i = 0 ; i < length ; i++ ) {
unsigned byte1;
byte1 = (unsigned char)string[i];
/* NULL bytes and bytes starting with 11110xxx are special */
if ( (byte1 & 0x80) == 0 ) { /* 1byte encoding */
if ( byte1 == 0 ) {
/* Bits out: 11000000 10000000 */
newString[j++] = (jbyte)0xC0;
newString[j++] = (jbyte)0x80;
} else {
/* Single byte */
newString[j++] = byte1;
}
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ) { /* 2byte encoding */
newString[j++] = byte1;
newString[j++] = string[++i];
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ) { /* 3byte encoding */
newString[j++] = byte1;
newString[j++] = string[++i];
newString[j++] = string[++i];
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xF8) == 0xF0 ) { /* 4byte encoding */
/* Beginning of 4byte encoding, turn into 2 3byte encodings */
unsigned byte2, byte3, byte4, u21;
/* Bits in: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
byte2 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
byte3 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
byte4 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
/* Reconstruct full 21bit value */
u21 = (byte1 & 0x07) << 18;
u21 += (byte2 & 0x3F) << 12;
u21 += (byte3 & 0x3F) << 6;
u21 += (byte4 & 0x3F);
/* Bits out: 11101101 1010xxxx 10xxxxxx */
newString[j++] = (jbyte)0xED;
newString[j++] = (jbyte)(0xA0 + (((u21 >> 16) - 1) & 0x0F));
newString[j++] = (jbyte)(0x80 + ((u21 >> 10) & 0x3F));
/* Bits out: 11101101 1011xxxx 10xxxxxx */
newString[j++] = (jbyte)0xED;
newString[j++] = (jbyte)(0xB0 + ((u21 >> 6) & 0x0F));
newString[j++] = byte4;
}
}
UTF_ASSERT(i==length);
UTF_ASSERT(j==newLength);
newString[j] = (jbyte)0;
}
/* Given a Modified UTF-8 string, calculate the Standard UTF-8 length.
* Basic validation of the UTF encoding rules is done, and length is
* returned (no change) when errors are detected.
*
* Note: No validation is made that this is indeed Modified UTF-8 coming in.
*
*/
int JNICALL
utf8mToUtf8sLength(struct UtfInst *ui, jbyte *string, int length)
{
int newLength;
int i;
newLength = 0;
for ( i = 0 ; i < length ; i++ ) {
unsigned byte1, byte2, byte3, byte4, byte5, byte6;
byte1 = (unsigned char)string[i];
if ( (byte1 & 0x80) == 0 ) { /* 1byte encoding */
newLength++;
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ) { /* 2byte encoding */
/* Check encoding of following bytes */
if ( (i+1) >= length || (string[i+1] & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
byte2 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
if ( byte1 != 0xC0 || byte2 != 0x80 ) {
newLength += 2; /* Normal 2byte encoding, not 0xC080 */
} else {
newLength++; /* We will turn 0xC080 into 0 */
}
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ) { /* 3byte encoding */
/* Check encoding of following bytes */
if ( (i+2) >= length || (string[i+1] & 0xC0) != 0x80
|| (string[i+2] & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
byte2 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
byte3 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
newLength += 3;
/* Possible process a second 3byte encoding */
if ( (i+3) < length && byte1 == 0xED && (byte2 & 0xF0) == 0xA0 ) {
/* See if this is a pair of 3byte encodings */
byte4 = (unsigned char)string[i+1];
byte5 = (unsigned char)string[i+2];
byte6 = (unsigned char)string[i+3];
if ( byte4 == 0xED && (byte5 & 0xF0) == 0xB0 ) {
/* Check encoding of 3rd byte */
if ( (byte6 & 0xC0) != 0x80 ) {
break; /* Error condition */
}
newLength++; /* New string will have 4byte encoding */
i += 3; /* Skip next 3 bytes */
}
}
} else {
break; /* Error condition */
}
}
if ( i != length ) {
/* Error in UTF encoding */
/* FIXUP: ERROR_MESSAGE()? */
return length;
}
return newLength;
}
/* Convert a Modified UTF-8 string into a Standard UTF-8 string
* It is assumed that this string has been validated in terms of the
* basic UTF encoding rules by utf8Length() above.
*
* Note: No validation is made that this is indeed Modified UTF-8 coming in.
*
*/
void JNICALL
utf8mToUtf8s(struct UtfInst *ui, jbyte *string, int length, jbyte *newString, int newLength)
{
int i;
int j;
j = 0;
for ( i = 0 ; i < length ; i++ ) {
unsigned byte1, byte2, byte3, byte4, byte5, byte6;
byte1 = (unsigned char)string[i];
if ( (byte1 & 0x80) == 0 ) { /* 1byte encoding */
/* Single byte */
newString[j++] = byte1;
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ) { /* 2byte encoding */
byte2 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
if ( byte1 != 0xC0 || byte2 != 0x80 ) {
newString[j++] = byte1;
newString[j++] = byte2;
} else {
newString[j++] = 0;
}
} else if ( (byte1 & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ) { /* 3byte encoding */
byte2 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
byte3 = (unsigned char)string[++i];
if ( i+3 < length && byte1 == 0xED && (byte2 & 0xF0) == 0xA0 ) {
/* See if this is a pair of 3byte encodings */
byte4 = (unsigned char)string[i+1];
byte5 = (unsigned char)string[i+2];
byte6 = (unsigned char)string[i+3];
if ( byte4 == 0xED && (byte5 & 0xF0) == 0xB0 ) {
unsigned u21;
/* Bits in: 11101101 1010xxxx 10xxxxxx */
/* Bits in: 11101101 1011xxxx 10xxxxxx */
i += 3;
/* Reconstruct 21 bit code */
u21 = ((byte2 & 0x0F) + 1) << 16;
u21 += (byte3 & 0x3F) << 10;
u21 += (byte5 & 0x0F) << 6;
u21 += (byte6 & 0x3F);
/* Bits out: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
/* Convert to 4byte encoding */
newString[j++] = 0xF0 + ((u21 >> 18) & 0x07);
newString[j++] = 0x80 + ((u21 >> 12) & 0x3F);
newString[j++] = 0x80 + ((u21 >> 6) & 0x3F);
newString[j++] = 0x80 + (u21 & 0x3F);
continue;
}
}
/* Normal 3byte encoding */
newString[j++] = byte1;
newString[j++] = byte2;
newString[j++] = byte3;
}
}
UTF_ASSERT(i==length);
UTF_ASSERT(j==newLength);
newString[j] = 0;
}
/* ================================================================= */
#if 1 /* Test program */
/*
* Convert any byte array into a printable string.
* Returns length or -1 if output overflows.
*/
static int
bytesToPrintable(struct UtfInst *ui, char *bytes, int len, char *output, int outputMaxLen)
{
int outputLen;
int i;
UTF_ASSERT(bytes);
UTF_ASSERT(len>=0);
UTF_ASSERT(output);
UTF_ASSERT(outputMaxLen>=0);
outputLen = 0;
for ( i=0; i<len ; i++ ) {
unsigned byte;
byte = bytes[i];
if ( byte <= 0x7f && isprint(byte) && !iscntrl(byte) ) {
if ( outputLen + 1 >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
output[outputLen++] = (char)byte;
} else {
if ( outputLen + 4 >= outputMaxLen ) {
return -1;
}
(void)sprintf(output+outputLen,"\\x%02x",byte);
outputLen += 4;
}
}
output[outputLen] = 0;
return outputLen;
}
static void
test(void)
{
static char *strings[] = {
"characters",
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
"0123456789",
"!@#$%^&*()_+=-{}[]:;",
NULL };
int i;
struct UtfInst *ui;
ui = utfInitialize(NULL);
i = 0;
while ( strings[i] != NULL ) {
char *str;
#define MAX 1024
char buf0[MAX];
char buf1[MAX];
char buf2[MAX];
unsigned short buf3[MAX];
int len1;
int len2;
int len3;
str = strings[i];
(void)bytesToPrintable(ui, str, (int)strlen(str), buf0, 1024);
len1 = utf8FromPlatform(ui, str, (int)strlen(str), (jbyte*)buf1, 1024);
UTF_ASSERT(len1==(int)strlen(str));
len3 = utf8ToUtf16(ui, (jbyte*)buf1, len1, (jchar*)buf3, 1024);
UTF_ASSERT(len3==len1);
len1 = utf16ToUtf8m(ui, (jchar*)buf3, len3, (jbyte*)buf1, 1024);
UTF_ASSERT(len1==len3);
UTF_ASSERT(strcmp(str, buf1) == 0);
len2 = utf8ToPlatform(ui, (jbyte*)buf1, len1, buf2, 1024);
UTF_ASSERT(len2==len1);
UTF_ASSERT(strcmp(str, buf2) == 0);
i++;
}
utfTerminate(ui, NULL);
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
test();
return 0;
}
#endif
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